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Teknologi Percepatan Pertumbuhan Bibit Duku (Lansium domesticum Corr) melalui Aplikasi Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskular [Accelerating The Growth of Duku Seedlings (Lansium domesticum Corr) through the Application of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi)]
Get PDFThe research investigated the influence of four isolates of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF) on the growth of duku seedlings. The research used randomized block design with onefactor of some isolates AMF: Glomus-sp 3, 6, 15, and 16 at a dose of 20 g per polybag. The resultsshowed that inoculation of AMF isolates increase the canopy and root growth of the dukuseedlings. Duku seedlings inoculated with mycorrhiza showed higher plant height, stem diameter,dry weight, secondary roots number and length, than the control. Furthermore, mycorrhizalinoculation increased the absorption of nutrients (Phosphor) in the leaves of duku seedlings. Rootstaining results showed that AMF colonization in the duku roots only indicate hyphae; the otherstructures (vesicles, arbuscular and spores) were not detected
Hubungan antara Perubahan Suhu Udara Harian, Perilaku Petani dan Keankeragaman Serangga Penyerbuk di Desa Serang Kecamatan Karangreja, Kabupaten Purbalingga Jawa Tengah (The relationship between the Air Temperature Change Daily, Farmer Behavior, and Diver
Get PDFGlobal warming has threatened Indonesian’s agricultural sector and put the sectorvulnerable to climate change. The changes affect the daily air temperature changes, farmerbehavior, and the diversity of insect pollinators. The study aims to determine the daily changes inair temperature, farmer behavior, and diversity of pollinating insects in the village of Serang,Karangreja, Purbalingga, Central Java; and to analyze the relationship between daily airtemperature changes, farmer behavior, and insect pollinators diversity. The research employedsurvey methods. Samples for the daily air temperature measurement were taken purposeviley. Thediversity of insect pollinators on the three farming type and respondens were selected radmonlywith total respondent 99. The results showed that the average daily air temperature in chili farms ishigher than that in tomato and strawberry farm; farmers have a good knowledge about theenvironmental degradation of agriculture land, good attitude and awareness in maintaining andimproving the quality of agriculture, but they have negative behaviour in the use of excessiveinsecticides. Species richness of insect pollinators in tomato farm is higher than that in chili andstrawberry farm. A good knowledge, good attitude, and bad behaviour are closely related to thedaily air temperature and insect pollinators
Pemanfaatan Acetobacter xylinum terhadap Peningkatan Kualitas Nata de Banana Skin (Utilization of Acetobacter xylinum to improve the quality of Nata de Banana Skin)
Get PDFBanana (Musa sp.) is the most widely consumed fruits since the children age up to the elderly. This is because bananas have quite complete nutrient content such as carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins and minerals, making it beneficial for the human body. People normally only consume and discard any banana skin. Therefore; it needs solutions to deal with the banana peel waste. Banana peels contain high enough nutrients that are carbohydrate 18.5%, phosphorus 28 mg, water 72 g, and some other chemical substances. The high nutrient content on the banana peel is potential to be used as food, one of which is in the form of nata. Nata is a product of microbial fermentation using Acetobacter xylinum. Nata can be made from coconut water waste, liquid waste or waste bark out pineapple and banana peel waste (Nata de Banana Skin). This study aimed to determine the effect of various types of banana peels using A. xylinum on the quality of nata de banana skin. The results showed that different types of banana peel affect the quality of Nata de Banana Skin, both on its flavor and its yield of Nata de Banana Skin. The pisang raja skins give the most optimal results for nata thickness and also perform the best organoleptic values
Keanekaragaman Jenis Rangkong dan Tumbuhan Pakannya di Harapan Rainforest Jambi (Species and Feed Diversity of Hornbill in the Harapan Rainforest, Jambi)
Get PDFHornbill has an important role in forest regeneration, but the limited variety andamount of food available to birds will eventually threaten the population of hornbills.Identification of feed plant and hornbil species diversity was conducted at the HarapanRainforest from March to April 2011. Hornbills plant feed samples were taken right after thebirds were eating. The results showed there are nine plant species of hornbills feed found in theHarapan Rainforest: Santiria apiculata, Elaeocarpus sphaericus, Sapium baccatum, Lithocarpusreinwardtii, Disoxylum excelsum, Ficus curtipes, Knema globularia, Knema furfuracea, andSantiria oblongifolia. Of these nine species, Ficus curtipes is the most preferred feed by thehornbills. Further research also notes that there are seven hornbill species inhabit the HarapanRainforest: crested hornbills (Aceros comatus), rhinoceros hornbills (Buceros rhinoceros), goldhornbill (Aceros undulatus), black kangkareng (Anthracaceros malayanus), black-crestedhornbill (Aceros corrugatus), khilingan hornbills (Anorrhinus galeritus) and ivory hornbill(Rhinoplax vigil
Kemampuan Tumbuh Anakan Tumbuhan Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) pada Berbagai Taraf Penggenangan (The Growth Ability of Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) Seedling to Various of Flooding Levels)
Get PDFThis study aims to observe the response of nyamplung seedling to various of flooding levels, using a randomized block design with a single factor of five inundation treatments (control, 0 cm or equal the solil surface, 4 cm, 8 cm, 12 cm). Flooding treatment was carried out for 30 days. The observed parameters were growth rate, morphological adaptation, and injury index. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan Multi Range Taste (DMRT) in the level of 5%. The results showed that flooding treatment reduce the growth of nyamplung seedling (fresh weight, height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, and fesh root weight). Seedling of nyamplung able to survive on equal ground flooding level and 4 cm above the soil surface, classified as moderately tolerant plants. Seedlings were not able to survive in the flooding level of 8 cm and 12 cm, classified as sensitive plants. Morphological adaptations such as lenticels formed by 20% on equal ground surface flooding level and 60% on the flooding level of 4 cm
Kemampuan Ganoderma dan Trichoderma Mendekomposisi Serasah Acacia mangium (The Ability of Ganoderma and Trichoderma to Decompose Acacia mangium Litter)
Get PDFLitter decomposition ability of fungi has an important role in forest floor ecosystem. The abilities of Ganoderma sp and Trichoderma sp to decompose Acacia mangium leaf litters at laboratory scale were observed. Litters from L and F layers in the field ca. 100 g were used as substrates in plastic bags. Each fungus was inoculating onto substrates and incubates at room temperature, then observed each month during six months. Weight losses (WL) of litter, lignin and cellulose contents during decomposition were measured. Colonization of Ganoderma in litter and PDA with litter powder were also observed. The results showed that WL of litters, lignin and cellulose by Ganoderma were low. WL of L and F litters were 3.99% and 4.57% respectively, while WL of L and F lignin were 8.17% and 7.11% respectively, and WL of L and F cellulose were 3.63% and F 2.59% respectively. WL of L and F litters by Trichoderma were 3.20% and 3.20% respectively, while WL of L and F lignin were 3.83% and 3.85% respectively, and WL of L and F cellulose were 2.43% and 3.17% respectively. The growth of Ganoderma was better at PDAS than that at PDA; therefore L litter layer was suitable for growing Ganoderma
Pertumbuhan Tanaman Tomat (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) oleh Cendawan Endofit Akar Mangrove Asal Cagar Alam Pulau Dua Serang Banten (The Growth of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) by Endophytic Fungi isolated from Roots of Mangrove Pulau Dua Sanctuary)
No full textTomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) is an important horticultural crops but very susceptive in their growth. It is known that the plant growth can be influenced by microorganisms, such as symbiosis between plants and endophytic fungi. Endophytic fungi are fungi that live in the tissues of living plants and will not cause any negative effects on its host. This study aims to determine the growth of tomato plants affected by endophytic fungi isolated from Mangrove root collected from Pulau Dua Sanctuary Serang Banten, both in vitro and in vivo. There were five isolates endophytic fungi of mangrove root (CEM), collection of biology education laboratory UNTIRTA, which is used in this study: CEM 2, CEM 3, CEM 4, CEM 7, and CEM 9. The research conducted by inoculating tomato seedlings on MS medium that has been grown by endophytic fungi for in vitro growth, while the in vivo growth carried out by inoculating tomato seedlings on zeolite medium with corn as a fungi carrier. Morphological observation and plant growth parameters measured after 5 weeks incubation. The result showed that CEM 9 is the potential endophytic fungi from roots of Mangrove Pulau Dua Sanctuary Serang to increase tomato growth
Pola Sebaran Populasi Azotobacter sp dan Bahan Organik pada Berbagai Kelas Kemiringan Lereng Perkebunan Teh Dataran Tinggi PPTK Gambung (Population Distribution Pattern of Azotobacter sp and Organic Material on Variety Slope Classification of Tea Highland
Get PDFThe purpose of this experiment was to identified the population distribution of Azotobacter sp and organic matter on variety slope classification at experimental field, PPTK Gambung, West Java. The methode that used was exploration method. PPTK Gambung’s tea plantation has three class of slope, they are slope of <8% (flat-rather slope slighty), 8-15% (slope slighty), and 16-25% (rather steep). Total 14 composite soil sample taken from each of the class to analyze total population of Azotobacter sp, average of organic matter soil content, and water content average. Sample was taken based on sample point in Land Unit Map (SPL). Slopes <8% (flat-rather slope slighty) have total population of Azotobacter sp around 7,14x107 cfu/gram soil, water content 5,97%, and organic matter 10,68%. Slopes 8-15% (slope slighty) have total population of Azotobacter sp around 10,38x107 cfu/gram soil, water content 6,47%, and organic matter 10,91%. And slopes 16-25% (rather steep) have total population of Azotobacter sp around 11,75x107 cfu/gram soil, water content 6,34%, and organic matter 10,65%
Pengaruh Penambahan Beberapa Cairan Rumen Terhadap Produksi Biogas dari Kotoran Sapi
Get PDFPengembangan teknologi bahan bakar alternatif perlu dilakukan untuk mengurangi ketergantungan masyarakat terhadap bahan bakar fosil. Salah satu teknologi bahan bakar alternatif yang memiliki prospek baik untuk dikembangkan adalah biogas. Penambahan biostarter dapat memaksimalkan produksi biogas. Cairan rumen dapat dijadikan sebagai biostarter yang baik karena di dalamnya terdapat bakteri selulolitik dan metanogenik. Penelitian ini mengenai pengaruh penambahan beberapa cairan rumen terhadap produksi biogas dari kotoran sapi. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Bioteknologi Universitas Negeri Padang. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen yang disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan menggunakan cairan rumen sapi (P1), kerbau (P2), kambing (P3), dan tanpa penambahan cairan rumen (P0). Fermentor berisi substrat dengan perbandingan kotoran sapi:air:cairan rumen adalah 1:1:1 difermentasi selama 7 hari. Variabel yang diukur adalah volume balon penampung biogas (cm3) dan lama nyala biogas (dt). Berdasarkan hasil uji ANOVA (P<0,05) dan uji lanjut DNMRT diketahui bahwa penambahan cairan rumen berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produksi biogas dari kotoran sapi. Penambahan cairan rumen sapi, kerbau, dan kambing pada fermentor yang difermentasi selama 7 hari dapat meningkatkan volume biogas dibandingkan tanpa penambahan cairan rumen. Rerata volume maksimal biogas P1 sebanyak 71,97 cm3, P2 sebanyak 80,26 cm3 sedangkan P0 sebanyak 2,88 cm3. Volume biogas tertinggi diperoleh dari penambahan cairan rumen kambing dengan rerata volume 102,7 cm3 pada hari ke-4
Pengaruh Hormon Giberelin (GA3) Terhadap Daya Kecambah dan Vigoritas Calopogonium caeruleum
Get PDFPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh hormon giberelin (GA3) terhadapdaya kecambah dan vigoritas Calopogonium caeruleum. Penelitian menggunakan RancanganAcak Lengkap (RAL) dengan dua faktor. Faktor pertama konsentrasi GA3 (G) terdiri dari 6 tarafG0 = 0 ppm, G1 = 100 ppm, G2 = 200 ppm, G3 = 300 ppm, G4 = 400 ppm, G5 = 500 ppm,sedangkan faktor ke dua adalah lama perendaman, terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu T1 = 6 jam, T2 = 12jam dan T3 = 24 jam, sehingga didapat 18 kombinasi perlakuan dengan ulangan sebanyak 3kali. Parameter yang diamati meliputi persentase daya kecambah (%) dan vigoritas (%). Analisisdata menggunakan analisis sidik ragam (ANOVA) dan apabila terdapat perbedaan nyatadilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut Duncan pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwainteraksi konsentrasi GA3 dan lama perendaman memperlihatkan pengaruh yang nyata(P<0,05) terhadap persentase perkecambahan dan vigoritas Calopogonium caeruleum.Perlakuan yang terbaik dalam menghasilkan persentase perkecambahan Calopogoniumcaeruleum tertinggi adalah G5T3 (GA3 500 ppm dengan lama perendaman 24 jam) yaitusebesar 57,33%