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TINGKAT KEBERHASILAN PENETASAN TELUR PENYU LEKANG (Lepidochelys olivacea) DI PANTAI PELANGI BANTUL, DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA
Full text linkOne type of sea turtle that often lands to lay eggs on the South coast of the Special Region of Yogyakarta is the Olive Ridley turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea). The last study on the hatching success rate of olive ridley turtles on Pelangi Beach in 2019 was only in semi-natural nests. Currently, on Pelangi Beach, hatching has begun using sand media placed in buckets to avoid rain. This study aims to analyze the comparison of the hatching success rate of olive ridley turtle eggs in semi-natural nests with buckets and environmental factors that support hatching success at Pelangi Beach, Bantul Regency, DIY. The method used is direct observation of the hatching rate from semi-natural methods and buckets with four nests each. Descriptive analysis was carried out to compare the hatching results in the semi-natural nest method with the bucket container nest. Environmental factors in both methods were observed during the incubation process till hach and then compared to determine the differences in environmental factors between methods. The results showed that the percentage of hatching success rate of Olive Ridley turtle eggs was higher in the bucket hatching method (79.00 ± 14.48%), compared to the semi-natural hatching method (74.11 ± 15.84%). Environmental factors between semi-natural and bucket methods in the form of pH, Temperature are not significantly different while the humidity in the bucket is higher than in the semi-natural nest. The results of the study can be concluded that the hatching method using a bucket container is better than using a semi-natural nest, this is because the humidity in the bucket container method is optimally maintained than in a semi-natural nest.Salah satu jenis penyu yang sering mendarat untuk bertelur di pantai Selatan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta adalah penyu lekang (Lepidochelys olivacea). Penelitian tentang tingkat keberhasilan tetas penyu lekang di Pantai Pelangi terakhir pada tahun 2019 hanya pada sarang semi alami. Saat ini di Pantai pelangi mulai dilakukan penetasan dengan media pasir yang ditempatkan di ember untuk menghindari hujan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbandingan tingkat keberhasilan tetas telur penyu lekang di sarang semi alami dengan di ember serta faktor lingkungan yang mendukung keberhasilan penetasan di Pantai Pelangi, Kabupaten Bantul, DIY. Metode yang digunakan adalah pengamatan langsung tingkat penetasan dari metode semi alami dan ember dengan masing-masing empat sarang sebagai ulangan perlakuan. Analisis deskriptif dilakukan untuk membandingkan hasil penetasan di metode sarang semi alami dengan wadah ember. Faktor lingkungan di kedua metode diamatai selama proses inkubasi kemudian dibandingkan untuk mengetahui perbedaan faktor lingkungan antar metode. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase tingkat keberhasilan tetas telur penyu lekang lebih tinggi pada metode tetas ember (79,00 ± 14,48%), dibandingkan dengan metode tetas semi alami (74,11 ± 15,84%). Faktor lingkungan antara metode semi alami dan ember berupa pH, Suhu tidak berbeda nyata signifikan sedangkan kelembapan di ember lebih tinggi daripada di sarang semi alami. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa bahwa metode penetasan menggunakan wadah ember cenderung lebih baik daripada menggunakan sarang semi alami. Lingkungan sarang penetasan di kedua metode masih optimal dalam mendukung perkembangan embrio untuk menetas
A Analysis of Ecoenzyme Characteristics from Combination of Fruit Peel Waste
No full textIndonesia encounters many significant challenges in organic waste management, with 37.87% of the total 38.7 million tonnes of national waste (in 2024) unmanaged. Organic waste, such as fruit peels, which are often dumped into landfill, contributes to greenhouse gas emissions and environmental pollution. Ecoenzyme, a fermentation product of organic waste (1:3:10 ratio of sugar, substrate, water), is emerging as an innovative solution for waste conversion into value-added products. Besides reducing waste volume, ecoenzymes produce ozone (O₃) that suppresses the greenhouse effect, antimicrobial acetic acid, and natural cleaning compounds. Fruit peels such as orange, banana, papaya, watermelon and pineapple are potential substrates due to their cellulose and pectin content, but the characteristics of ecoenzyme depend on the interaction of chemical (pH, Total Acid Titration/TTA) and biological (Lactic Acid Bacteria/BAL, yeast) parameters. Previous studies focused on ecoenzymes based on one type of fruit peel, while the potential of combinations of various fruit peels has not been explored holistically. This study aims to analyse the characteristics of fruit peel combination ecoenzymes through evaluation of chemical (pH, TTA) and microbiological (LAB population, yeast) parameters. The results are expected to provide scientific guidance for the production of high-quality ecoenzymes while supporting sustainable organic waste reduction strategies.Indonesia menghadapi tantangan signifikan dalam pengelolaan sampah organik, dengan 37,87% dari total 38,7 juta ton sampah nasional (tahun 2024) belum terkelola. Limbah organik, seperti kulit buah, yang kerap dibuang ke TPA, berkontribusi terhadap emisi gas rumah kaca dan pencemaran lingkungan. Ekoenzim, produk fermentasi limbah organik (rasio 1:3:10 gula, substrat, air), muncul sebagai solusi inovatif untuk konversi limbah menjadi produk bernilai tambah. Selain mengurangi volume sampah, ekoenzim menghasilkan ozon (O₃) yang menekan efek rumah kaca, asam asetat antimikroba, dan senyawa pembersih alami. Kulit buah seperti jeruk, pisang, pepaya, semangka dan nanas menjadi substrat potensial karena kandungan selulosa dan pektinnya, namun karakteristik ekoenzim bergantung pada interaksi parameter kimia (pH, Total Titrasi Asam/TTA) dan biologis (Bakteri Asam Laktat/BAL, yeast). Penelitian terdahulu fokus pada ekoenzim berbasis satu jenis kulit buah, sementara potensi kombinasi berbagai kulit buah belum dieksplorasi secara holistik. Studi ini bertujuan menganalisis karakteristik ekoenzim kombinasi kulit buah melalui evaluasi parameter kimia (pH, TTA) dan mikrobiologis (populasi BAL, yeast). Hasil penelitian diharapkan memberikan panduan ilmiah bagi produksi ekoenzim berkualitas tinggi sekaligus mendukung strategi pengurangan sampah organik berkelanjutan, sesuai target Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional (RPJMN) 2025
KORELASI KEPADATAN LALU LINTAS DENGAN KADAR SULFUR DIOKSIDA (SO2) DAN KLOROFIL THALLUS LICHEN SEBAGAI BIOINDIKATOR PADA TEGAKAN POHON ANGSANA (Pterocarpus Indicus Willd.) DI KAWASAN INDUSTRI MEDAN II
Full text linkAir pollution is an unresolved environmental problem to date. Traffic density will have a direct impact on the increase of various types of exhaust emissions, one of which is sulfur dioxide (SO2). Efforts that can be made to prevent further air pollution is to monitor air quality with biomonitoring utilizing lichen as a bioindicator. This study aims to identify the type of lichen species used as bioindicators in Angsana (Pterocarpus indicus Willd.) tree stands, to analyze the correlation of traffic density with sulfur dioxide (SO2) levels in lichen thallus, to analyze the correlation of traffic density with chlorophyll levels in lichen thallus, and to analyze the correlation of sulfur dioxide (SO2) levels with chlorophyll levels in lichen thallus in Medan Industrial Area II. This research is descriptive quantitative with road sampling method on Angsana tree stands in the research location. The results showed that Lichen Lepraria incana and Drinaria picta were obtained as bioindicators in both research locations. The correlation of traffic density with sulfur dioxide levels in lichen thallus showed a very strong positive correlation between traffic density and SO₂ levels with a Pearson correlation value of 0.985 and a significance value (p-value) of 0.015. Since the p-value < 0.05, this relationship is statistically significant. The correlation of traffic density with chlorophyll levels in lichen thallus showed a strong negative correlation and was also statistically significant (p-value < 0.05) with a Pearson Correlation value of -0.958 with a significance value of 0.042. Correlation of sulfur dioxide (SO2) levels with chlorophyll levels in lichen thallus showed a strong negative correlation, but not statistically significant because the p-value> 0.05 with a Pearson Correlation value of -0.943 with a p-value of 0.057.Pencemaran udara menjadi masalah lingkungan yang belum terselesaikan hingga saat ini. Kepadatan lalu lintas akan berdampak langsung pada meningkatnya berbagai jenis gas emisi buang, salah satunya adalah sulfur dioksida (SO2). Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mencegah terjadinya pencemaran udara lebih jauh adalah melakukan pemantauan kualitas udara dengan biomonitoring pemanfaatan lichen sebagai bioindikator. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis spesies lichen yang dijadikan sebagai bioindikator pada tegakan pohon Angsana (Pterocarpus indicus Willd.), untuk menganalisis korelasi kepadatan lalu lintas dengan kadar sulfur dioksida (SO2) pada thallus lichen, untuk menganalisis korelasi kepadatan lalu lintas dengan kadar klorofil pada thallus lichen, dan untuk menganalisis korelasi kadar sulfur dioksida (SO2) dengan kadar klorofil pada thallus lichen di Kawasan Industri Medan II. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kuantitatif dengan metode jelajah (road sampling method) pada tegakan pohon Angsana di lokasi penelitian. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diperoleh Lichen Lepraria incana dan Drinaria picta sebagai bioindikator di kedua lokasi penelitian. Korelasi kepadatan lalu lintas dengan kadar sulfur dioksida pada thallus lichen menunjukkan adanya korelasi positif yang sangat kuat antara kepadatan lalu lintas dan kadar SO₂ dengan nilai Pearson correlation sebesar 0,985 dan nilai signifikansi (p-value) 0,015. Karena p-value < 0,05, maka hubungan ini signifikan secara statistik. Korelasi kepadatan lalu lintas dengan kadar klorofil pada thallus lichen menunjukkan adanya korelasi negatif kuat dan juga signifikan secara statistik (p-value < 0,05) dengan nilai Pearson Correlation sebesar -0,958 dengan nilai signifikansi 0,042. Korelasi kadar sulfur dioksida (SO2) dengan kadar klorofil pada thallus lichen menunjukkan adanya korelasi negatif kuat, namun tidak signifikan secara statistik karena p-value > 0,05 dengan nilai Pearson Correlation sebesar -0,943 dengan p-value 0,057
Keanekaragaman ikan lais (kryptopterus spp) berdasarkan karakter morfologi di danau teluk kota jambi
Full text linkTeluk Lake of Jambi have a potency to be developed for fishery. This research aims toinvestigate the diversity of lais fish (Kryptopterus spp.) based on their morphological characters.The research was carried out from Novemberto December 2008. The collected fish samples wereidentified their morphological characters in the Biological UP MIPA Laboratory at the University ofJambi. The results show that there are six species of fish Lais in the Teluk Lake includingKryptopterus limpok, K. crytopterus, K. schilbeidis, K. hexapterus, K. bicirrhis, and Hemisilurusmoolenburghi
Kerapatan dan Tutupan Kanopi Mangrove di Perairan Sei Nyirih Pulau Bintan
No full textSei Nyirih is a river located between Madong Village and Sei Nyirih Village. The area has a mangrove ecosystem that is utilized by the government as a mangrove educational tourism area and utilized by the local community as a fishing area. This study aims to determine the density level of mangrove species and determine the mangrove canopy cover in the Sei Nyirih waters. This research was conducted in March-April 2024. The method used was a direct survey method in the field. By using random sampling, 15 points were randomly taken spread across the Sei Nyirih Waters. Each point has one research plot. There are six types of mangroves found at 15 research points, namely: Rhizopora apiculata, Rhizopora mucronata, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Bruguiera sexangula, Ceriops tagal, Xylocarpus granatum. The types of mangroves Rhizopora apiculata, Rhizopora mucronata, and Xylocarpus granatum are the types that are always found at each sampling point. From 15 research points, the canopy cover % value ranged between 56.7% - 85.2%. Based on KEPMENLH No.201 of 2004, it is included in the Good and Very Dense categories. The lowest mangrove canopy cover was found at point six which is a mangrove tree felling. The highest mangrove canopy cover was found at point one which is a point whose location is far from population activities.Sei Nyirih merupakan sungai yang terletak diantara Kampung Madong dan Kampung Sei Nyirih kawasan tersebut memiliki ekosistem mangrove yang dimanfaatkan oleh pemerintah sebagai kawasan eduwisata mangrove dan dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat setempat sebagai area menangkap ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui tingkat kerapatan jenis mangrove dan mengetahui tutupan kanopi mangrove di perairan Sei Nyirih. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret- april 2024. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survei langsung di lapangan. Dengan menggunakan random sampling secara acak diambil sebanyak 15 titik yang tersebar di Perairan Sei Nyirih, dimana Pada setiap titik memiliki 1 plot penelitian. terdapat 6 jenis mangrove yang ditemukan pada 15 Titik penelitian, yaitu: Rhizopora apiculata, Rhizopora mucronata, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Bruguiera sexangula, Ceriops tagal, Xylocarpus granatum. jenis mangrove Rhizopora apiculata, Rhizopora mucronata, dan Xylocarpus granatum adalah jenis yang selalu dijumpai pada setiap titik sampling. Dari 15 titik penelitian diperoleh nilai kerapatan berkisar diantara 600-1800 ind/ha. Menurut KEPMENLH No.201 Tahun 2004 termasuk kategori kerapatan Sedang dan baik. Kerapatan terendah ditemukan pada titik 6 yang merupakan bekas penebangan pohon mangrove. Kerapatan tertinggi ditemukan pada titi 1 dan 3 yang lokasinya berada lebih jauh dari aktifitas penduduk. Dari 15 titik penelitian diperoleh nilai % tutupan kanopi berkisar diantara diantara 56,7% – 85,2% Berdasarkan KEPMENLH No.201 Tahun 2004 termasuk kategori Baik dan Sangat Padat. Tutupan kanopi mangrove terendah ditemukan pada titik 6 yang merupakan penebangan pohon mangrove. Tutupan kanopi mangrove tertinggi ditemukan pada titik 1 yang merupakan titik yang lokasi berada jauh dari aktifitas penduduk
Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Fungi Pyricularia oryzae Penyebab Penyakit Blast pada Tanaman Padi
Full text linkBlast disease caused by the fungus Pyricularia oryzae is one of the major diseases in rice plants (Oryza sativa) that can significantly reduce crop yields. This research aims to isolate and characterize P. oryzae macroscopically and microscopically. This study is exploratory research. The research methods include sampling leaves and stems of rice plants showing blast symptoms, isolating the fungus from infected plant tissues, and characterizing the macroscopic and microscopic features of the isolated fungi. The results showed that P. oryzae grown on PDA medium has colonies that are round with smooth edges, a velvety surface texture, light gray to dark gray with a blackish center, and white to gray concentric ring-like margins. Microscopically, the fungi P. oryzae produce asexual spores known as conidia that are pyriform in shape with two septa dividing the conidia into three cells. The conidia are attached to the tips or branches of conidiophores. The conidiophores of P. oryzae are transparent to brownish, tubular, long filaments, septate, and thicker at the base. This identification provides important information for more effective control of blast disease and the development of sustainable disease management strategiesBlast disease caused by the fungi Pyricularia oryzae is one of the major diseases affecting rice plants (Oryza sativa), leading to significant reductions in yield. This study aims to isolate and characterize P. oryzae macroscopically and microscopically. The study is exploratory. The research methods include sampling rice leaves and stems showing blast symptoms, isolating the fungus from infected plant tissues, and characterizing the fungi macroscopically and microscopically. The results indicate that P. oryzae grown on PDA media forms colonies that are circular with even edges, have a velvety surface texture, and range in color from light gray to dark gray-black at the center, with concentric ring-like structures of grayish-white at the edges. Microscopically, P. oryzae produces asexual spores known as conidia, which are pyriform (pear-shaped) with two septa dividing the conidia into three cells. The conidia attach to the tips or branches of conidiophores. The conidiophores of P. oryzae are transparent to brownish, tubular, long-filamentous, septate, and thicker at the base. This identification provides crucial information for more effective control of blast disease and the development of sustainable disease management strategies
PRODUKTIVITAS SERASAH MANGROVE DI PERAIRAN KAWAL KABUPATEN BINTAN
Full text link Research on the productivity of mangrove litter in the Kawal Waters of Bintan Regency. The purpose of this study is to determine the production and decomposition rate of mangrove litter as well as the relationship between mangrove conditions and litter production in the Kawal Waters of Bintan Regency. This research was conducted in July - August 2024. The method used was direct field survey. The location determination method used random sampling of 20 points scattered in the Kawal Waters. The litter sampling method used traps with litter traps measuring 1 m × 1 m, with 3 placed diagonally. Measurement of canopy cover density and mangrove litter was conducted using plots measuring 10 m × 10 m. The types of mangroves found in Kawal Waters are 9 species, namely Rhizophora stylosa, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Bruguiera cylindrica, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Scyphiphora hydrophylacea, Lumnitzera littorea, Xylocarpus granatum, and Sonneratia alba. From 20 research points, a density value ranging from 1000 ind/ha to 4700 ind/ha was obtained, with an average of 2980 ind/ha. The canopy cover at the research locations ranged from 46.45% to 87.85%, with an average of 66.73%. Based on Kepmen LH No. 201 of 2004, the density in Kawal Waters is classified as moderate to good, while the canopy cover is classified as sparse to good. The rate of mangrove litter production at 20 research points has an average of 12.83 g/m²/day, with leaf production at 9.15 g/m²/day, twig production at 0.28 g/m²/day, and fruit/flower production at 3.40 g/m²/day. The decomposition of litter obtained a value of 26% for the average of all sampling points. The results of the regression analysis to determine the relationship between mangrove conditions, namely density and percentage cover, and litter production obtained an R value of 0.953, which has a very strong correlation coefficient relationship.Penelitian mengenai produktivitas serasah mangrove di Perairan Kawal Kabupaten Bintan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui produksi dan laju dekomposisi serasah mangrove serta hubungan kondisi mangrove terhadap produksi serasah di Perairan Kawal Kabupaten Bintan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli - Agustus 2024. Metode yang digunakan metode survei langsung di lapangan. Metode penentuan lokasi menggunakan random sampling sebanyak 20 titik yang tersebar di Perairan Kawal. Pengambilan sampel serasah menggunakan metode perangkap dengan litter trap berukuran 1 m × 1 m sebanyak 3 buah yang diletakkan secara diagonal. Pengukuran data kerapatan tutupan kanopi dan serasah mangrove menggunakan plot berukuran 10 m × 10 m. Jenis mangrove yang ditemukan di Perairan Kawal sebanyak 9 jenis yaitu Rhizophora stylosa, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Bruguiera cylindrica, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Scyphiphora hydrophylacea, Lumnitzera littorea, Xylocarpus granatum, dan Sonneratia alba. Dari 20 titik penelitian diperoleh nilai kerapatan yang berkisar antara 1000 ind/ha hingga 4700 ind/ha, dengan rata-rata 2980 ind/ha. Tutupan kanopi di lokasi penelitian berkisarantara 46,45% hingga 87,85%, dengan rata-rata 66,73%. Berdasarkan Kepmen LH No. 201 Tahun 2004 kerapatan di Perairan Kawal tergolong sedang dan baik, sedangkan tutupan kanopi tergolong jarang hingga baik. Tingkat produksi serasah mangrove pada 20 titik penelitian memiliki rata-rata 12,83 gbk/m²/hari, dengan produksi daun 9,15 gbk/m²/hari, produksi ranting 0,28 gbk/m²/hari danproduksi buah/bunga 3,40 gbk/m²/hari. Dekomposisi serasah memperoleh nilai sebesar 26% untuk rata-rata seluruh titik sampling. Hasil analisis regresi untuk menentukan hubungan kondisi mangrove yaitu kerapatan dan presentase tutupan terhadap produksi serasah memperoleh nilai R = 0,953 yang memiliki tingkat hubungan koefisien korelasi dengan kategori sangat kuat
PENGARUH BERBAGAI MACAM EMPON DAN SINBIOTIK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN LARVA UDANG PUTIH (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Full text linkThe global market demand for vaname shrimp in Indonesia is increasing every year. Vannamei shrimp is a mainstay of fisheries commodities. Cultivators often encounter vibriosis disease caused by Vibrio sp. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the quality of the feed by adding supplements from synbiotics and empon-empon. This study aims to determine the effect of synbiotics and empon-empon on the growth of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) larvae in controlling Vibrio sp. Parameters measured included daily length growth, survival, water quality, total bacteria, and total vibrio. Water quality and total bacteria are growth-supporting factors. The treatments consisted of positive control (C+), negative control (C-), Synbiotic 1 (S1), Synbiotic 2 (S2), Synbiotic 3 (S3), Synbiotic 4 (S4), and empon-empon (E). The synbiotics used were Bacillus sp 1x 1010. as a probiotic, 2 ppm yam paste as a prebiotic and 1 ppm ginger, 1 ppm white turmeric, and 1 ppm black cumin. And the combination of the three types of empon-empon with a concentration of 0.5 ppm (treatment S4 and E). The results showed that the S2 treatment had a significant effect (P>0.05) on the daily length of the fry with an average of 0.05±0.06 mm. The S4 treatment had a significant effect on survival with a percentage of 83.6%. The lowest total Vibrio was shown in the S4 treatment with a value of 0.45±0.5 logs CFU/ml. The total density of bacteria was shown in the S2.treatment with a value of 2.28 ±log CFU/ml.The global market demand for vaname shrimp in Indonesia is increasing every year. Vannamei shrimp is a mainstay of fisheries commodities. Cultivators often encounter vibriosis disease caused by Vibrio sp. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the quality of the feed by adding supplements from synbiotics and empon-empon. This study aims to determine the effect of synbiotics and empon-empon on the growth of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) larvae in controlling Vibrio sp. Parameters measured included daily length growth, survival, water quality, total bacteria, and total vibrio. Water quality and total bacteria are growth-supporting factors. The treatments consisted of positive control (C+), negative control (C-), Synbiotic 1 (S1), Synbiotic 2 (S2), Synbiotic 3 (S3), Synbiotic 4 (S4), and empon-empon (E). The synbiotics used were Bacillus sp 1x 1010. as a probiotic, 2 ppm yam paste as a prebiotic and 1 ppm ginger, 1 ppm white turmeric, and 1 ppm black cumin. And the combination of the three types of empon-empon with a concentration of 0.5 ppm (treatment S4 and E). The results showed that the S2 treatment had a significant effect (P>0.05) on the daily length of the fry with an average of 0.05±0.06 mm. The S4 treatment had a significant effect on survival with a percentage of 83.6%. The lowest total Vibrio was shown in the S4 treatment with a value of 0.45±0.5 logs CFU/ml. The total density of bacteria was shown in the S2.treatment with a value of 2.28 ±log CFU/ml
OPTIMIZATION OF CACAO SEEDLING GROWTH (Theobroma Cacao L.) THROUGH THE INTERACTION OF Asystasia gangetica COMPOST FERTILIZER AND NPK FERTILIZER
Full text linkCacao (Theobroma cacao L.) is a widely cultivated plantation commodity. However, its production has declined, with one of the contributing factors being old plants, so rejuvenation must be carried out using high-quality plant seedlings. Good-quality seedlings are obtained through the addition of nutrients during the nursery phase using organic and inorganic fertilizers. This study aims to determine the interaction between Asystasia compost and NPK on seedling growth and to obtain the best dosage of Asystasia compost and NPK on the growth of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) seedlings. This research was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a factorial pattern consisting of two factors. The first factor was the dose of NPK fertilizer (P), which consisted of three levels: p0 = 0 g/seedling, p1 = 7 g/seedling, and p2 = 14 g/seedling. The second factor was the dose of Asystasia compost (A), which also consisted of three levels: a0 = 83 g/seedling, a1 = 166 g/seedling, and a2 = 249 g/seedling. There were nine treatment combinations, each repeated three times. In this experiment, cacao seedlings were planted in polybags. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) to determine the effects, followed by the DNMRT test. The observed variables were seedling height, stem diameter, number of leaves, total leaf area, shoot dry weight, and root dry weight. The results showed that there was an interaction between the application of Asystasia compost and NPK on the variables of seedling height, total leaf area, and shoot dry weight. The application of 166 g/seedling of Asystasia compost and 7 g/seedling of NPK showed the best growth of cacao seedlings in polybags.Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) is a widely cultivated plantation commodity. However, the production of cocoa plants has decreased, and one of the contributing factors is old plants, so plant rejuvenation must be carried out using good-quality plant seeds. Good plant seeds are obtained through the provision of nutrients at the nursery. Nutrients are obtained by administering organic and inorganic fertilizers. This study aims to determine the interaction between the application of Asystasia compost and NPK on the growth of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) seedlings and to obtain the best dosage of Asystasia compost and NPK on the growth of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) seedlings. This research was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) factorial pattern with two factors. The first factor was the dose of NPK (P) fertilizer, which consisted of 3 treatment levels as follows: p0 = 0 g/seedling, p1 = 7 g/seedling, and p2 = 14 g/seedling. The second factor was the dose of Asystasia compost (A), which consisted of 3 treatment levels as follows: a0 = 83 g/seedling, a1 = 166 g/seedling, and a2 = 249 g/seedling. The variables observed were seedling height, stem diameter, number of leaves, total leaf area, and dry weight of shoots and roots. The results showed that there was an interaction between the application of asystasia compost and NPK on the variables of seedling height, total leaf area, and dry weight of the cocoa plant canopy. The dosage of Asystasia compost (166 g/seedling) and NPK (7 g/seedling) showed the best growth of cocoa seedlings in polybags
UJI ANGKA LEMPENG TOTAL DAN ANGKA KAPANG KHAMIR PADA Pleurotus ostreatus DAN Ganoderma lucidum
Full text linkMushrooms are a source of antioxidants. Mushrooms can be processed into various products. Both raw materials and finished products from mushrooms must comply with established standards. The aim of this research was to determine the total plate count and total fungal count in Ganoderma lucidum and Pleurotus ostreatus samples. The method used is the Total Plate Count (TPC) and Total Fungal Count (TFC). The TPC value in G. lucidum was 6.4 x 106 CFU/g and TFC was 3.9 x 105 CFU/g. This value exceeds the BPOM maximum standard for tea products or herbal brews. The TPC value in P. ostreatus was 1.2 x 105 CFU/g and TFC was 4.9 x 105 CFU/g. The TPC value for P. ostreatus is less than the maximum standard set by BPOM, while the TFC value exceeds the maximum standard for powder or mixture of soup and broth. The conclusion of this research is that the TPC and TFC in the G. lucidum and P. ostreatus samples exceed the standards set by BPOM No. 13 of 2019 except for the TPC in the P. ostreatus sample.Jamur adalah salah satu sumber antioksidan. Jamur dapat diolah menjadi berbagai macam produk. Baik bahan baku maupun produk jadi dari jamur harus sesuai dengan standar yang telah ditetapkan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui nilai angka lempeng total dan angka kapang khamir pada sampel serbuk Ganoderma lucidum dan Pleurotus ostreatus. Metode yang digunakan adalah uji Angka Lempeng Total (ALT) dan Angka Kapang Khamir (AKK). Nilai ALT pada G. lucidum sebesar 6,4 x 106 CFU/g dan AKK sebesar 3,9 x 105 CFU/g. Nilai tersebut melebihi standar maksimum BPOM untuk produk teh atau seduhan herbal. Nilai ALT pada P. ostreatus sebesar 1,2 x 105 CFU/g dan AKK sebesar 4,9 x 105 CFU/g. Nilai ALT pada P. ostreatus kurang dari standar maksimum yang ditetapkan oleh BPOM, sedangkan nilai AKK melebihi standar maksimum untuk bubuk atau campuran sup dan kaldu. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah nilai angka lempeng total dan angka kapang khamir pada sampel serbuk G. lucidum dan P. ostreatus melebihi standar yang telah ditetapkan oleh BPOM No. 13 tahun 2019 kecuali nilai angka lempeng total pada sampel serbuk P. ostreatus