Jurnal Ilmu Tanah dan Lingkungan
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Analysis of Hydrology Response and Simulation of Soil and Water Conservation Enginerring in Upstream Cimanuk Sub Watershed: Analisis Respon Hidrologi dan Simulasi Teknik Konservasi Tanah dan Air Sub DAS Cimanuk Hulu
Get PDFDAS Cimanuk hulu merupakan salah satu DAS yang prioritas di Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis berbagai skenario penggunaan lahan untuk memperbaiki aliran dasar dan aliran lateral. Analisis menggunakan Model Hidrologi SWAT. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kinerja model mampu memprediksi debit aliran dengan nilai NSE 0.56 (memuaskan) dan R2 0.70. Ada empat skenario yang akan dianalisis. Aliran dasar dan aliran lateral terbaik berasal dari skenario pertama dengan penerapan teknik Konservasi Tanah dan Air. Skenario tersebut menghasilkan koefisien rezim sungai sebesar 78 (sedang), mengurangi aliran permukaan (direct runoff) sebesar 40.76% dan meningkat lateral sebesar 536.95 mm.
Kata kunci: Aliran dasar, penggunaan lahan, aliran lateral, teknik konservasi tanah dan air, model SWATCimanuk Watershed is a priority catchment in West Java Province. The objective of the study is to analyze various land-use scenarios to improve base flow and lateral flow. The analysis use SWAT Hydrology model. The study showed that the model has a good performance in predicting flow discharge produced NSE 0.56 (satisfactorily) and R2 0.70. There are four scenarios to be analyzed. The best base flow and lateral flow analyses are from the first scenario with soil and water conservation techniques. The scenario resulted in the river regime coefficient by 78 (moderate), reduce direct runoff by 40.76% and increase lateral by 536.95 mm.
Keywords: Baseflow, landuse, lateral flow, soil, and water conservation techniques, SWAT model
 
THE STATUS OF SOIL PHOSPHORUS AT DIFFERENT CROPPING SYSTEM IN PANGALENGAN, SOUTH BANDUNG
Get PDFThe fixation of P in soils is dynamic in nature and the behavior of P-fraction may change with time and cropping system. Application of organic matter to soil under upland soil have been reported to decrease P-sorption and increase P-desorpion. Pangalengan, South Bandung in west Java is one of the wet humid area of Indonesia that has high rain fall, covered mainly by tropical humid forest, volcanic area with fertile volcanic soil. The objective of this study were to describe and compare some chemical characteristic and behavior of P-fraction as a function of crops and slope of the land in the farming system in Pangalengan, South Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. Soil samples from the surface soil (0-20 cm) were collected from 15 locations based on different planted crops (Tea, Vegetables, Forest, and Intercropping crops), and level of slope of the land areas of Cihawuk village, District Kertasari, Kecamatan Pangalengan. The result of the study showed that C-organic content of soil samples from 15 location of planted crops was slightly high (3.04-4.92 %) but total Nitrogen was low (0.22-0.45 %), wih soil reaction (pH H2O) was slightly acids (5.60-6.30) and pH (KCl) was lower than pH(H2O) (4.60-5.70). The available-P was low (3.50 – 7.10 ppm), but the HCl 25 % P from tea and vegetables location was higher than from forest and intercropping crops. Majority of P fraction from tea and vegetable location was Al-P fraction, but from Forest and intercropping crops was Ca-P fraction. The order of P fraction were Al-P > Ca-P> reductant soluble-P>Fe-P in tea and vegetables locations, but in the forest and intercropping were Ca-P> reductant-P > Al-P > Fe-P. However, The data showed that the total P (P-organic + P-inorganic) from tea and vegetables crop location was higher, and was dominated by inorganic form, than from forest and intercropping location was dominated by organic form. However, the slope did not affect the pattern of P-fractions and the sources of organic matter added or accumulated in those location formerly affected the amount and the pattern of P-fractions
PERAN DAN KOORDINASI LEMBAGA LINTAS SEKTORAL DALAM KONSERVASI SUMBERDAYA AIR (STUDI KASUS DAS GUMBASA KABUPATEN DONGGALA PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGAH)
Get PDFWatershed management consists of multi stakeholders. Therefore, institutional aspect for regulating interaction among stakeholders is very important to be taken into consideration in watershed management. Watershed management will only be efficient if institutional aspect functioning in harmony. Objective of this research is to study role and coordination of cross sectoral government institutions in management of water resource conservation. In this research five elements of water resource conservation were analized, there are: 1) involved organizations, 2) related regulations, 3) management function performance (planning, execution, and controlling), 4) coordination aspect, and 5) priority instrument. Each of those elements was sub-divided into sub-elements according to analysis model used in this research. Two models were used in this analysis. Those are Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Base on the analysis it is concluded that Big Agency of Lore Lindu National Park (BBTNLL), Agency of Watershed Management (BPDAS) Palu-Poso, and Forestry and Plantation Service of Donggala Regency were the most influential organizations in planning, execution, and controlling water resources conservation. Role of those organizations in the management activities were mainly regulated in the respective regulations. Coordination among acting organization is still weak due so the sectoral-ego and lack of qualified human resources
Performance Evaluation Cikeusik Irrigation Area Based on Combined Instructions for Assessment of Irrigation Performance of the Ministry of Public and Household Housing (PUPR) in 2017: Evaluasi Kinerja Daerah Irigasi Cikeusik Berdasarkan Petunjuk Pelaksanaan Gabungan Penilaian Kinerja Irigasi Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat (PUPR) Tahun 2017
Get PDFDaerah irigasi (D.I.) Cikeusik dibangun pada tahun 1883 dan mulai beroperasi pada tahun 1884, namun saat ini sudah tidak beroperasi secara optimum. D.I. Cikeusik terletak di Kecamatan Cikeusik, Kabupaten Pandeglang, Provinsi Banten. Sektor pertanian yang terdapat di daerah tersebut memiliki potensi yang sangat baik. Kecamatan Cikeusik mempunyai lahan pertanian seluas 650 ha. Jaringan irigasi di D.I. Cikeusik mencakup jaringan irigasi teknis yang memiliki sembilan buah pintu sadap. Saat ini irigasi Cikeusik mengalami perubahan dalam pemasokan air ke petak tersier, air yang dipasok tidak tercukupi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja D.I. Cikeusik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan petunjuk pelaksanaan gabungan penilaian kinerja sistem irigasi utama dan tersier kementerian PUPR 2017. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Nilai Kinerja Sistem Irigasi (NKSI) sebesar 64.86% termasuk kategori kinerja irigasi masih kurang.
The Cikeusik irrigation area was built in 1883 and started operation in 1884, but its operation now is not optimum. Cikeusik irrigation area is located at Cikeusik District, Pandeglang Regency, Banten Province. The agriculture sector in that area has great potential. Cikeusik District has 650 hectares of agricultural land. Cikeusik irrigation area is a technical irrigation network that has 9 intake gates. Right now, Cikeusik irrigation area water supply to tertiary plots is getting shortened. This study aims to evaluate the performance of D.I. Cikeusik. The method used in this research is a guidance of joint implementation of performance assessment of main and tertiary irrigation system of the ministry of PUPR 2017. The result of the research indicated that Irrigation System Performance Value (NKSI) is still lacking
Soil Productivity Index Based on Soil Taxonomy and Its Correlation with Coffee Productivity in Several Soil Orders: Indeks Produktivitas Tanah Berbasis Soil Taxonomy dan Korelasinya Dengan Produktivitas Kopi pada Beberapa Ordo Tanah
No full textProductivity Index (PI) assessment based on Soil Taxonomy is one of the simplest and relatively fixed models, so this model promising to be practical importance for regional scale, but up to now field tests concerning the model\u27s accuracy for perennial crops have not been done. The present study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of IP model application based on Soil Taxonomy for coffee plant, which was manifested in the form of goodness of the correlation between productivity index and the productivity of Robusta coffee. The research was carried out in six locations of coffee plantation spread in Jember and Banyuwangi districts, namely Sidomulyo (smallholder farmer), Rayap-1 and Rayap-2, Tretes, Kampung Tengah, and Gumitir (PTPN XII plantation). In each location, a 1 x 1.5 meter of soil profile was established with a depth of 1 m for soil morphological identification and an analysis of the physical and chemical properties of each soil layer. Analysis of soil properties included soil texture, pH (H2O) and pH (KCl), soil organic-C, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and basic saturation. Based on soil physical and chemical properties of the six research sites, four soil subgroup along with their IP values were obtained, namely Typic Udorthents for Sidomulyo (IP = 6); Typic Dystrudepts for Rayap-2 (IP = 7); Typic Hapludalfs for Rayap-1, Kampung Tengah and Tretes (IP = 10); and Typic Eutrudepts for Gumitir (IP = 11). The results of this study indicated that IP had a very strong positive correlation with productivity of Robusta coffee (r = 0.84) in the form of simple linear model,. the higher the index of planting Robusta coffee productivity increases.Penilaian indeks produktivitas (IP) berbasis taksonomi tanah merupakan salah satu model yang sederhana dan bersifat relatif tetap, sehingga model ini sangat menjanjikan untuk kepentingan praktis dalam skala regional, namun sampai saat ini pengujian-pengujian lapangan menyangkut keakuratan model tersebut untuk tanaman tahunan masih belum pernah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi keakuratan aplikasi model IP berbasis taksonomi tanah untuk tanaman kopi, yang dimanifestasikan dalam bentuk tingkat keeratan hubungan antara IP dengan produktivitas kopi robusta. Penelitian dilaksanakan di enam lokasi perkebunan kopi yang berada di wilayah Kabupaten Jember dan Banyuwangi, yaitu kebun kopi Sidomulyo (kebun rakyat), Rayap-1 dan Rayap-2, Tretes, Kampung Tengah, dan kebun Gumitir (kebun PTPN XII). Di setiap lokasi dibuat satu profil tanah pewakil berukuran 1 x 1,5 m dengan kedalaman 1 m untuk keperluan pencanderaan morfologi tanah dan analisis sifat-sifat fisika dan kimia setiap lapisan tanah. Analisis sifat-sifat tanah meliputi tekstur tanah, pH (H2O) dan pH (KCl), C-Organik tanah, kapasitas tukar kation (KTK), dan kejenuhan basa. Berdasarkan hasil pencanderaan dan sifat-sifat fisika kimia di enam lokasi penelitian tersebut, diperoleh empat jenis tanah tingkat subgrup, yaitu Typic Udorthents untuk kebun Sidomulyo (IP = 6); Typic Dystrudepts untuk kebun Rayap-2 (IP = 7); Typic Hapludalfs untuk kebun Rayap-1, Kampung Tengah dan Tretes (IP = 10);; serta Typic Eutrudepts untuk kebun Gumitir (IP = 11). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa IP mempunyai hubungan positif sangat kuat dengan produktivitas kopi robusta (r = 0,84) dalam bentuk model linier sederhana, semakin tinggi IP produktivitas kopi robusta semakin meningkat
Experiment of Silica Solubility Availabilityon Fuel and Non Fuel Trass: Uji Kelarutan Si Tersedia pada Trass Bakar dan Non Bakar
Get PDFPenelitian ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari kelarutan Si tersedia antara trass bakar dan non bakar dan penentuan formula terbaik untuk dijadikan sebagai pupuk silika. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Kimia dan Kesuburan Tanah, Departemen Ilmu Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Rancangan Percobaan yang dilakukan adalah split plot dengan petak utama terdiri dari trass bakar dan non bakar, dan anak petak terdiri dari dosis trass yang dikombinasikan dengan CaCO3 yaitu 100% trass, 83.33% trass+16.67 CaCO3, 66.67.% trass +33.33% CaCO3, masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali, sehingga total satuan percobaan ada 18. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa trass bakar menunjukkan hasil kelarutan silika tersedia tertinggi dibandingkan trass non bakar. Kombinasi 83% trass+ 17% CaCO3 menunjukkan Si tersedia tertinggi yaitu 120.02 ppm, 72.67 ppm dan 53.43 ppm berturut-turut dengan pengekstrak ammonium asetat pH 4.8, 0.5 M HCl dan H2O.This research was conducted to determine the available Si between burned trass and unburned trass, also to determine the best formula to be used as silica fertilizer. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Soil Chemistry and Fertility, Department of Soil Science and Land Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University. The experimental design was the split-plot with the main plot consisted of burned trass and unburned trass, and the subplot consisted of combination dosage of trass and CaCO3, those were 100% trass, 83.33% trass + 16.67 CaCO3, 66.67.% trass + 33.33% CaCO3, each treatment was replicated three times, resulting in 18 experiment units. The result showed that the burned trass showed the highest available Si compared to the unburned trass. The combination of 83% trass + 17% CaCO3 showed the highest available Si of those were 120.02 ppm, 72.67 ppm and 53.43 ppm, respectively with extractant of ammonium acetate pH 4.8, 0.5 M HCl and H2O.
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Characterization of Nitrate Release on Andisols in West and Central Java: Karakterisasi Pelepasan Nitrat pada Andisol di Jawa Barat dan Jawa Tengah
Get PDFAndisol tersebar luas di Indonesia dengan luas total mencapai 5.4 juta ha. Tanah-tanah ini digunakan secara luas oleh petani sebagian besar untuk pertanian hortikultura dan perkebunan teh, dan sebagian kecil untuk peternakan. Karakteristik pola pelepasan anion nitrat sangat spesifik lokasi sehingga perlu diteliti lebih jauh sifat-sifat kimia tanah apa saja yang berpengaruh terhadap pola pelepasan nitrat pada Andisol di Jawa Barat dan Jawa Tengah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (i) mengkarakterisasi sifat kimia Andisol, (ii) mengkarakterisasi pola pelepasan nitrat pada Andisol dengan sifat kimia yang berbeda, (iii) mendapatkan hubungan antara sifat-sifat kimia tanah dengan pola pelepasan nitrat pada Andisol di Jawa Barat dan Jawa Tengah. Percobaan pelepasan nitrat dilakukan dengan metode inkubasi. Jumlah nitrat yang terlepaskan dalam penelitian ini disimulasikan dengan menggunakan persamaan first order kinetic. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, sifat-sifat kimia tanah Andisol di Jawa Barat dan Jawa Tengah bervariasi. Pelepasan nitrat pada Andisol Lembang, Pangalengan, Sukamantri, dan Dieng secara umum semakin menurun dengan meningkatnya kedalaman tanah pada satu profil tanah dan semakin meningkat dengan meningkatnya waktu inkubasi. Hasil uji korelasi sederhana menunjukkan bahwa untuk nitrat maksimum yang dapat dilepaskan (N0) memiliki korelasi yang tidak nyata dengan sifat-sifat kimia tanah yang dianalisis. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa nitrat sangat mobil di dalam tanah. Walaupun demikian N0 berkorelasi positif dengan C organik, N total, Fe-oksalat (Feo), Al-dithionite dan Fe-dithionite. Sebaliknya N0 berkorelasi negatif dengan Al-oksalat (Alo), dan Alo + ½ Feo. Untuk konstanta kecepatan pelepasan nitrat (k) berkorelasi negatif dengan semua sifat tanah tersebut kecuali dengan dengan Fe-dithionite yang mempunyai korelasi positif. Hasil ini menyimpulkan bahwa pelepasan nitrat pada Andisol punya kemungkinan meningkat dengan meningkatnya kadar C organik dan N total tanah akan tetapi menurun dengan meningkatnya Alo + ½ Feo. Alo + ½ Feo juga mempunyai kemungkinan menurunkan kecepatan pelepasan nitrat pada Andisol.The area of Andisols in Indonesia is about 5.4 million hectares. This soil is used extensively by farmers for horticulture and tea plantation, and to a small portion for livestock. The characteristics of nitrate release are very specific location so that it is necessary to reveal soil properties affecting the pattern of nitrate release on Andisols in West and Central Java. The objectives of the research were to characterize chemical properties of Andisols, characterize parameters of nitrate release on Andisols, and obtain the correlation between chemical properties and the parameters of nitrate release on Andisols in West and Central Java. The experiment of nitrate release was conducted by incubation experiment, then simulated using first-order kinetic. Soil analyses revealed that there was a variation of chemical properties among Andisols in West and Central Java. The release of nitrate on Andisols from Lembang, Pangalengan, Sukamantri and Dieng, in general, decreased with the increase of soil depth in one soil profile and increased with the period of incubation times. A simple correlation test showed that the potential nitrate release (N0) had correlations that were not significant with the analyzed soil properties. However, N0 positively correlated with organic C, total N, oxalate-Fe, dithionite-Al and dithionite-Fe. On the other hand, the N0 negatively correlated with oxalate-Al and Alo + ½ Feo. As for the rate constant (k), all those properties negatively correlated with k value except with dithionite-Fe which had a positive correlation. It suggested that there is a possibility that nitrate release increased with the increase of the content of soil organic C and total N however decreased with the increase of Alo + ½ Feo. Alo + ½ Feo also possibly decreased the rate constant of nitrate release
