Indonesian Journal of Geography
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Changes in the ecological system of coastal areas of Bantul and Kulon Progo Regencies
Full text linkCoastal areas are classified as highly vulnerable because they are always tied to changes in the global aquatic environment. The ecosystem dynamics are increasingly complicated and complex as a result of interactions with other systems on land. This phenomenon is very visible in the coastal areas of Bantul Regency and Kulon Progo Regency. We use Sentinel-2 satellite image interpretation in the period 2013-2022 as a historical record of land use change, and then explore it with Niklas Luhmann's social system theory to understand how communities and government mean the ecological system represented by activities in coastal areas. The results showed that the community and the Government massively changed the original ecosystem of pes-caprae with the dominant afforestation of shrimp cypress. For the community, afforestation is assumed to support production agriculture, from subsistence agriculture. For the government, afforestation is a misconception about reforestation and protecting vital infrastructure such as Yogyakarta International Airport. The main capital for change is technology and its knowledge, and economic capital obtained from production. The economic capital obtained is used for social transformation, including eliminating the stigma of poor, uninformed, and inferior coastal communities. The results achieved change the meaning of land from previously only to support daily livelihoods to production factors that have very high economic and social value. Any attempt to change the establishment of the social and economic system will be met with strong resistance from the community. Under these conditions, the sustainability discourse that we are developing is to build an institutionalized knowledge system, which is carried out repeatedly and continuously, which is important for the community to understand because its dynamics will continue to develop in the future.Received: 2024-10-23 Revised: 2025-02-07 Accepted: 22025-04-16 Published: 2025-04-3
Soil Infiltration Rate at the Base of Karst Valley in the Gunungsewu Karst, Indonesia
Full text linkThe Gunungsewu Karst is a landscape that is highly vulnerable to degradation. Infiltration rate is a critical factor in efforts to protect and conserve karst environments, however, studies focusing specifically on infiltration processes at the valley floor of karst systems, particularly in relation to the morphological characteristics of the Gunungsewu karst, remain limited. This study aims to examine the characteristics of soil infiltration rates at the bottom of the Gunungsewu karst valleys based on their morphological units. Field measurements of infiltration rates were conducted using a double-ring infiltrometer, and infiltration parameters were calculated using the Horton model. Sampling was carried out according to the morphological classification of the Gunungsewu Karst, which includes rounded karst cone units (K1), elongated karst cone units (K2), and trapezoidal karst cone units (K3). Data analysis employed a descriptive approach based on data distribution, visualized using box-and-whisker plots and line graphs.The results indicate distinct differences in infiltration rate characteristics among the morphological units. Infiltration rates across all sites ranged from 0.10 cm min⁻¹ to 0.65 cm min⁻¹. The highest infiltration rates were observed sequentially in the K1, K2, and K3 units. Variations in infiltration rate characteristics within the study area are strongly influenced by morphological features, lithology, vegetation cover, and land use. These findings enhance the understanding of infiltration rate characteristics in karst environments and provide a scientific basis for the development of sustainable strategies for karst environmental protection and conservation.Received: 2025-04-10 Revised: 2025-10-10 Accepted: 2025-12-16 Published: 2025-12-3
Reducing the digital divide as a goal for a knowledge-based economy: Lessons learned from the European Union
Full text linkThe research examines the European Union’s (EU’s) policy to boost digitalization and reduce the digital divide. It involves seven strategic documents and three funding programs to evaluate their impact on building a knowledge-based economy in EU member states. It aims to identify connections between the EU’s digital divide reduction policy and the path toward a knowledge economy. The analysis includes comparative, correlation, and regression analyses of the strategic planning documents, funding, and statistical data. It reveals a discrepancy between the EU’s digital divide reduction policy and the goals of a knowledge-based economy. The implementation is hindered by inadequate and uneven funding, as well as the declarative nature of the goals outlined in the strategic documents. Furthermore, the correlation analysis of the Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI), the Global Knowledge Index (GKI), and proxy variables reveals significant relationships between digital transformation, a knowledge-based economy, and overall socio-economic development. The outcome revealed that the EU’s policy lacks synchronization in reducing digital divides using financial instruments, which hampers the efficiency of transitioning to a digital economy and impedes the potential for technological and socio-economic development in EU countries. Received: 2025-06-06 Revised: 2025-12-16 Accepted: 2025-12-31 Published: 2025-12-3
Spatio-temporal variability of Temperature and rainfall in the Jabitehinan District in North West Ethiopia
Full text linkClimate change, driven largely by human activities, leads to long-term shifts in temperature and precipitation. This study aimed to examine trends and spatiotemporal variability in rainfall and temperature in the Jabitehinan District, northwest Ethiopia, and assess their implications for agriculture and resource management. Historical climate data from the six meteorological stations in Ethiopian National Meteorological Agency were analyzed using Sen’s slope estimator, the Mann-Kendall test, and the Precipitation Concentration Index, while spatial variability was assessed using the Inverse Distance Weighted method. Results revealed that mean seasonal rainfall reduction trends were 0.014 mm (spring), 0.005 mm (summer), 0.207 mm (autumn), and 0.057 mm (winter), with an annual average of 0.0122 mm. Temperature trends showed consistent increases: mean seasonal values rose by 0.189°C (winter), 0.215°C (spring), 0.184°C (summer), and 0.042°C (autumn), with an annual average rise of 0.206°C. Decadal trends showed increases in maximum, minimum, and mean temperatures at rates of 0.014°C, 0.029°C, and 0.037°C, respectively. The spatial distribution of rainfall was highest in the upper highlands (1790–1890 mm/year). About 57% of the middle district received 1768–1790 mm, while 20% of the area had 1790–1812 mm, 13% had 1746–1768 mm, and 10% received 1702–1746 mm annually. These findings highlight the substantial impact of climate variability on agricultural productivity, especially for rain-fed farming. They emphasize the need for climate-smart agricultural practices and inform policies aimed at supporting smallholder farmers in similar agro-ecological zones.Received: 2024-11-29 Revised: 2025-04-04 Accepted: 2025-05-31 Published: 2025-07-31
Rice Fields Suitability Zonation in North Penajam Paser Regency Using Multicriteria-Based Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) and GIS
Full text linkThe East Kalimantan Provincial Government has designated North Penajam Paser Regency as one of rice food supports for the National Capital City (IKN) of the Archipelago. This decision is based the domestic production which met and even exceeded demand in 2020. One step to support rice production is to identify land with the greatest potential for cultivation. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze land suitability zonation for rice production using the criteria of climate, topography, and soil properties, as well as infrastructure. Land suitability was evaluated using simple additive weighting (SAW), multicriteria, and GIS methods taking into account the factors of drainage, soil depth, texture, type, rainfall, temperature, slope, distance from road, distance from river, and land use land cover. Suitability zonation (classes) were arranged based on land suitability classification outlined by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO, 1976) in Minister of Agriculture Regulation No. 79 of 2013, namely Very Suitable (S1), Moderately Suitable (S2), Marginally Suitable (S3), Not Suitable (N1). The results showed that the areas classified as highly, moderately, marginally, and not suitable were 4,960 ha (3.1%), 103,738 ha (65.5%), 44,889 ha (28.4%), and 4,708 ha (3.0 %) respectively.Received:2024-02-01 Revised:2024-09-26 Accepted:2025-03-11 Published: 2025-04-2
Study of the Impact of Rainfall Pattern Dynamics on Carbon Monoxide and Nitrogen Dioxide Using Cloud Computing (Case Study in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia)
Full text linkCarbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are the primary pollutants found in the air. Based on the results of the study of predecessor researchers, it is known that human activity factors cause spatial and temporal changes in primary pollutants in the air, while natural factors, such as rainfall changes during the transition of seasons, have not been studied further. This study was conducted to examine the impact of rainfall changes on spatial patterns of primary pollutants (CO and NO2). The Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY), Indonesia was chosen as a research area. The data used were remote sensing data, namely CHRIPS (Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data, NRTI (Near Real Time) / L3_CO data, and NRTI / L3_NO2 data. The data were analyzed using cloud computing methods based on Google Earth Engine and statistical analysis. The results showed that the dynamics of rainfall patterns had an impact on changes in CO and NO2 concentrations although it was not significant. Based on the study, it is known that an increase in rainfall of 1% causes a decrease in CO concentration of 1.935 x 10-5 mol/m2 and a decrease in NO2 concentration of 3.151 x 10-9 mol/m2. A study conducted in southern India also concluded that higher rainfall has the potential to reduce CO and NO2 concentrations. The impact of rainfall pattern dynamics presented quantitatively in this study is a new finding, because there have not been many studies that explain the impact of rainfall pattern dynamics on CO and NO2 quantitatively.Received: 2024-08-24 Revised: 2025-01-02 Accepted: 2025-02-16 Published: 2025-05-2
Mapping the Return Migration: Estimating and Projecting Indian Emigrants from the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)
Full text linkThis study examines the phenomenon of return migration among Indian migrants in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, with a focus on the period from 2002 to 2014. Drawing on data from various sources, including government reports and field surveys conducted from November 2018 to May 2019, the research provides valuable insights into the patterns, trends, and implications of return migration for India. The analysis reveals a significant surge in the number of Indian migrants returning from the GCC region during the specified period, with an estimated 3-4 million individuals expected to have repatriated to India. Factors driving this trend include changes in labour demand, economic conditions, and government policies in both India and the GCC countries. The study also highlights the challenges faced by returnees, such as reintegration into the Indian labour market, access to social services, and cultural adjustments. Despite these challenges, return migration presents substantial opportunities for India, including the transfer of skills, knowledge, and financial resources from the diaspora, as well as the potential for enhanced economic cooperation and development partnerships between India and the GCC countries. By understanding the dynamics of return migration and addressing the associated challenges, India can better leverage the potential of its diaspora for national development and prosperity. Received: 2024-09-04 Revised: 2024-10-05 Accepted: 2025-08-15 Published: 2025-08-19
Private property and real estate developers in the city of Ouagadougou: From honey to vinegar
Full text linkIn Burkina Faso, Law No. 008-2023/ALT of June 20, 2023, on private real estate development includes restrictions that prevent private real estate developers from promoting land. However, almost two-thirds of these actors were engaged in this activity alone. This document therefore proposes to analyze the effects of this new legislative framework on actors involved in private real estate development in Burkina Faso. To this end, it draws mainly on qualitative data collected as part of a thesis in progress since 2021 from real estate developers, landowners, village development advisors (VDAs), sales agents, and plot buyers. Through content analysis, the article demonstrates that the revision of the legislative framework for private real estate development in Burkina Faso has led to land insecurity surrounding plots developed by private real estate developers, as well as pressure on these actors, who are struggling to make their land investments profitable. This law also affects sales agents who were speculating on land and landowners who no longer have fields to cultivate and are left with plots that are almost unattractive to customers. The results of this research call on the State to revise the texts governing land management and to strengthen control over the activities of private real estate developers.Received: 2024-11-24 Revised: 2025-08-15 Accepted: 2025-10-07 Published: 2025-11-10
The Knowledge Driven as Fundamental Analysis in The Geothermal Exploration Activity: Dieng Geothermal Field Study Area
Full text linkGeothermal exploration activities involve a high degree of uncertainty and financial risk, thereby requiring exploration analyses that can support accurate decision-making. This study presents a geothermal exploration method for determining the Geothermal Potential Index (GPI) by integrating surface geological, geophysical, and geochemical data. The main problem addressed in this study is the testing of a method for conducting geothermal exploration by integrating multiple parameters. Accordingly, this research applies a knowledge-driven approach through the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to develop a tentative Geothermal Potential Index (GPI) model. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) serves as a reliable methodological framework for assessing the Geothermal Potential Index by integrating newly obtained and pre-existing data. By incorporating suitability analysis, identifying prospective resources, and formulating geothermal resource criteria, this approach establishes a solid basis for systematic evaluation during the geothermal exploration phase. The tentative model of the geothermal potential index (GPI) for the Dieng volcanic complex has been identified into five zones: Pagerkandang Zone, Siglagah Zone, Pangonan-Merdada Zone, Campursari Zone, and Pakuwaja Zone
