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Impact of non-ionic surfactants on release kinetics, toxicity and colloidal characteristics of benznidazole self-emulsifying delivery system evidenced by flow field-flow fractionation.
No full textChagas disease is the major cause of death by cardiomyopathy in Latin America. Benznidazole (BZN) tablets are the standard of care for Chagas disease, and recently, self-emulsifying systems (SEDDS) have shown promising efficacy as the BZN delivery system, particularly for pediatric use. However, the comparative effects of surfactants on the physicochemical properties of SEDDS have been poorly investigated to date. SEDDS formulations containing medium-chain triglyceride as the oil phase and soy lecithin were developed using three non-ionic surfactants: polysorbate 80, Labrasol, and Cremophor EL. Asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation (AsF4) coupled with multi-angle laser light scattering (MALLS) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) were originally used to characterize the size distribution and homogeneity of SEDDS. The hydrodynamic sizes of emulsion droplets obtained after self-emulsification in water were lower than 220 nm, and zeta potential values ranged from -43 mV to -63 mV for all SEDDS formulations. A detailed analysis of AsF4 fractograms showed that all SEDDS formulations vary in size distribution and structure depending on the surfactant used and the presence of BZN. These factors affect the formation of emulsion droplets, as well as their shape, mass distribution, and colloidal organization. The results indicate that kinetically stable nanoemulsions are spontaneously produced upon water dilution. All SEDDS formulations increased the in vitro dissolution rate of BZN compared to pure BZN under sink conditions, and surfactants influenced the release profile. Toxicity concerns arising from high surfactant concentrations should be investigated in future studies. This simple and low-cost BZN lipid formulation offers a potential alternative for treating Chagas Disease with easy and personalized dosing adjustments
Passively viewing social bonding cues decreases vagally mediated heart rate variability.
No full textThroughout human evolutionary history, the ability to live in groups represented an adaptive advantage. Thus, humans have developed mechanisms that motivate the formation of safe social relationships. Vagally mediated heart rate variability (vmHRV) is an indirect method for assessing the parasympathetic activity of the autonomic nervous system based on variations in the interval between consecutive heartbeats and has been shown to be useful as a tool to assess social engagement. Through a within-subject design, the present study used a passive picture-viewing task to assess whether the perception of pleasant bonding cues would elicit phasic changes in vmHRV from baseline during and after visualization stimuli. Participants (n = 72, undergraduate students) were exposed to bonding and control stimuli paired by valence, arousal, number of people, and background. Both stimuli were preceded and succeeded by a resting period. Electrocardiographic signals were recorded throughout the experiment for the subsequent vmHRV analysis. Our results identified a decrease in vmHRV during the perception of bonding stimuli, which did not return to baseline after stimuli withdrawal. In contrast, no phasic change in vmHRV was detected during or after the perception of control stimuli. These findings provide the first evidence that passively viewing bonding cues of unknown people in pleasant social interactions may not induce the sense of safety and belonging necessary to activate the parasympathetic system. The results are discussed in the light of an evolutionary perspective
A classification model for green technologies using the dimensions of adverse anthropogenic phenomena and environmental benefits.
No full textObjective: This article aims to propose a model for classifying green technologies according to the dimensions of adverse anthropogenic phenomena and environmental benefits. Theoretical Framework: The theoretical frameworks of this article are green technologies and classification models in the context of sustainability and green technologies. Method: It uses the systematic literature review method to review 527 articles that address green technologies, which are classified according to 4 basic types of application, according to economic activities: use of natural resources and extractivism; material transformation; operation in infrastructure and well-being; and resolution of environmental problems. Results and Discussion: This article identifies six basic benefits associated with green technologies: processing of renewable raw materials; processing of by-products; processing of pollutants; mitigation of adverse impact; recovery and reuse of discarded material; recovery of ecosystems. Research Implications: From a theoretical perspective, this article contributes to improving the literature on the effects of green technologies by presenting an overview of the applications and benefits of green technologies. From a practical perspective, this systematic survey of applications and benefits can be used to analyse different sociotechnical contexts to outline environmental recovery and preservation policies. Originality/Value: Unlike articles previously available in the literature, this article presents a detailed overview of the areas of application of green technologies, covering all sectors of the economy, and systematising the benefits of applying these technologies. In doing so, it presents a panoramic view of the application of these technologies, something that is relevant both for the development of theory and for improving the diagnosis and analysis of the application of these technologies.Objetivo: O objetivo deste artigo é propor um modelo para classificação de tecnologias verdes segundo as dimensões, fenômeno antropogênico adverso e benefício ambiental. Referencial Teórico: Os referenciais téorico deste artigo são tecnologias verdes e modelos de classificação no contexto da sustentabilidade e tecnologias verdes. Método: Utiliza o método de revisão sistemática da literatura para se rever 527 artigos que abordam tecnologias verdes, que são classificadas segundo 4 tipos básicos de aplicação, segundo atividades econômicas: uso de recursos naturais e extrativismo; transformação material; operação na infra-estrutura e bem-estar; e resolução de problemas ambientais. Resultados e Discussão: Este artigo identifica 6 beneficios básicos associados às tecnologias verdes processamento de matérias-primas renováveis; processamento de sub-produtos; processamento de poluentes; mitigação de impacto negativo; recuperação e reuso de material descartado; recuperação de ecossistemas. Implicações da Pesquisa: Para a teoria este artigo contribui para o aprimovamento da literatura sobre os efeitos de tecnologias verdes apresentando uma visão geral das aplicações e benefícios. Para a prática, este levantamento sistemático das aplicações e benefícios pode ser utilizado como instrumento da análise de diferentes contextos sociotécnicos para delinear políticas de recuperação e preservação ambiental. Originalidade/Valor: O presente artigo apresenta uma visão detalhada das áreas de aplicação de tecnologias verdes, abrangendo todos os setores da economia, bem como sistematiza os benefícios da aplicação destas tecnologias. Ao fazer isso ele apresenta uma visão panorâmica da aplicação destas tecnologias, algo relevante tanto para o desenvolvimento da teórica, quanto para aprimorar o diagnostico e análise da aplicação destas tecnologias
Is this the end of mining and metallurgical-related engineering? No, if we can inspire young people to become the protagonists of this industry transformation.
No full textThere has never been as much extraction, processing, refining, and develop- ment of metals, alloys, and other materials as there has been in recent years. The advanced technologies employed and continuous development indicate that the mining and metallurgical sector will play a central role in the energy transition and the ‘‘sustainability era’’ implementation. However, attracting and retaining talent in related engineering fields has never been so difficult. This work presents a data survey, experiences, and international discussions on the shortage of students in engineering courses focused on this sector, as well as an unprecedented study on the Brazilian scenario. The lack of interest from the new generations in these courses no longer seems seasonal or merely linked to commodity price fluctuations, as in the past. There are numerous reasons for this trend, which appear to be consistent across the globe. Re- search indicates that the sector’s image is particularly unappealing to Gen- eration Z. Addressing this challenge in the short to medium term will require a concerted effort that extends beyond academia and government institutions. It necessitates the collaboration of industry leaders, non-governmental orga- nizations, and professional associations to show young people how they can play a pivotal role in transforming this industrial sector
Os runs da filosofia : movimentos de batalha e ancestralidade nas sabedorias de terreiro.
No full textPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia. Departamento de Filosofia, Instituto de Filosofia, Artes e Cultura, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto.O presente trabalho propõe um movimento de batalha visando, a partir das práticas e fundamentos das Comunidades Tradicionais de Terreiro, a (re)abertura da filosofia a sua natureza pluriversal; em outros termos, movimentamos a filosofia em direção à outras epistemologias e modos de relação com a realidade vivida. Mobilizamos, deste modo, a noção de rum – movimento de festa próprio ao Candomblé de Angola – como dispositivo epistemológico e desconstrutor capaz de abrir frestas na racionalidade e na temporalidade colonial para operar uma transgressão filosófica viva, comunitária, onde a ancestralidade e o encantamento emergem como autodefesas/estratégias de resistência e criação. A filosofia é, assim, reposicionada dentro de um caminho ancestralizado, encantado e encarnado; trata-se, portanto, do jogo com uma filosofia que dança com os Nkisis e Entidades, que se expressa nas ruas, nos Terreiros, nas sabedorias e práticas das comunidades tradicionais. Em diálogo com pensadores como Luiz Rufino, Muniz Sodré, Sueli Carneiro, Édouard Glissant, Franz Fanon, Rafael Haddock-Lobo, Marcelo Moraes e Bispo dos Santos, propomos que a filosofia entre em rum, ou seja, mova-se em direção à festa, à gargalhada e ao encantamento como formas legítimas de enfrentamento à escassez ontológica/epistemológica imposta pela colonialidade. Finalmente, a pesquisa está estruturada em cinco eixos: a) a defesa da comunidade como espaço periférico de resistência e recriação epistemológica/poética; b) o corpo como locus de saber e vitalidade dinamizados pela ancestralidade incorporada; c) a festa como temporalidade de memória, luta, celebração e resistência; d) o Caboclo como figura de confluência, encantamento, relação e desconstrução; e) as práticas de cura como autodefesas de potencialização da vida – ngunzo – individual e comunitária.This work proposes a combative movement that, drawing upon the practices and foundational principles of Traditional Terreiro Communities, seeks to (re)open philosophy to its pluriversal nature. In other words, it aims to shift philosophy toward alternative epistemologies and modes of engaging with lived reality. To this end, we mobilize the notion of rum—a festive movement intrinsic to the Candomblé of Angola—as an epistemological and decolonial device capable of disrupting colonial rationality and temporality. Through rum, we activate a living, communal philosophical transgression, wherein ancestry and enchantment emerge as self-defensive strategies of resistance and creative world-making. Philosophy is thus repositioned within an ancestral, enchanted, and embodied pathway—one that dances with the Nkisis and spiritual Entities, and that expresses itself in the streets, in the Terreiros, and through the wisdoms and practices of traditional communities. Engaging with the works of Luiz Rufino, Muniz Sodré, Sueli Carneiro, Édouard Glissant, Franz Fanon, Rafael Haddock-Lobo, Marcelo Moraes, and Bispo dos Santos, we argue for a philosophy that moves into rum—toward festivity, laughter, and enchantment—as legitimate and necessary responses to the ontological and epistemological impoverishment imposed by coloniality. The research is structured around five central axes: a) the defense of community as a peripheral space of resistance and epistemic/poetic re-creation; b) the body as a locus of knowledge and vitality, animated by embodied ancestry; c) festivity as a temporality of memory, struggle, celebration, and resistance; d) the Caboclo as a figure of confluence, enchantment, relation, and deconstruction; e) healing practices as self-defensive strategies that potentiate individual and collective life (ngunzo)
Pataxó em cena : flechas contracoloniais no palco da invasão de Pindorama.
No full textPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Artes Cênicas. Departamento de Artes, Instituto de Filosofia, Artes e Cultura, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto.Nesta dissertação, são investigadas as confluências entre as artes cênicas e os povos indígenas através do encontro com o povo Pataxó/BA, suas memórias, lutas e tradições. Dialogando com autorias como Ailton Krenak (2020), João Paulo Barreto (2022), Kaká Werá (2011), Geni Núñes (2022), e Casé Angatú (2022), bem como artistas da cena indígenas como Zahi Guajajara (2021), Lilly Baniwa (2021) e Juão Nym (2021), são apontados os deslocamentos e reordenamentos estéticos gerados pela insurgência de teatralidades contracoloniais com protagonismo originário. A pesquisa encontra o chão da prática ao adentrar em território Pataxó, nas terras indígenas de Coroa Vermelha, Mata Medonha e Barra Velha, localizadas no sul da Bahia, para uma vivência de escuta de lideranças, anciões e representantes do povo sobre suas sabedorias, experiências e os entrecruzamentos dessas com as artes. Por fim, apresenta-se os resultados e potencialidades da oficina de teatro “Pataxó em Cena” (2024), ação cultural que envolveu estudantes do ensino médio do Colégio Estadual Indígena de Coroa Vermelha (BA) no processo criativo que culminou no experimento cênico “Pataxí Imamakã” (2024).This dissertation investigates the confluences between the performing arts and indigenous peoples through an encounter with the Pataxó ethnic group (BA), their memories, struggles, and traditions. Engaging with authors such as Ailton Krenak (2020), João Paulo Barreto (2022), Kaká Werá (2011), Geni Núñes (2022), and Casé Angatú (2022), as well as indigenous performing artists such as Zahi Guajajara (2021), Lilly Baniwa (2021), and Juão Nym (2021), the aesthetic displacements and reorderings generated by the insurgency of countercolonial theatricalities with original protagonism are highlighted. The research finds its ground in practice by entering the Pataxó territory, in the indigenous lands of Coroa Vermelha, Mata Medonha and Barra Velha, located in the south of Bahia, for an experience of listening to leaders, elders and representatives of the people about their wisdom, experiences and their intersections with the arts. Finally, it presents the results and potential of the theater workshop “Pataxó em Cena” (2024), a cultural action that involved students from the Colégio Estadual Indígena de Coroa Vermelha (BA) in the creative process that culminated in the scenic experiment “Pataxí Imamakã” (2024)
The G allele of the rs4344 polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene is associated with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) in Brazilian hypertensive patients.
No full textBackground: The association of genetic variants and environmental factors contribute to increased susceptibility to arterial hypertension (AH). Polymorphisms of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene have been identified as a genetic risk factor related to blood pressure (BP) levels and liver function, since they influence the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Objective: To evaluate the influence of the rs4344 polymorphism of the ACE gene on AH and biochemical parameters of liver function (ALT, AST, GGT and ALP) in normotensive and hypertensive patients. Method and results: The identification of the polymorphism was performed by qPCR, using the TaqMan® system, in 811 individuals (484 normotensive and 327 hypertensive) and biochemical dosages (AST, ALT, GGT and ALP) were performed by UV/Vis spectrophotometry. A univariate logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with hypertension and Pearson's chi-square test to assess allele frequency between groups. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to correct confounding factors and assess the association of the variant with hypertension. Data normality was assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Continuous nonparametric variables were expressed as median and interquartile range and analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test and parametric data were expressed as mean and standard deviation and analyzed by unpaired Student's t test. The rs4344 variant was not linked to hypertension in the individuals examined. However, concerning liver function marker enzymes, the G allele was associated with increased levels of GGT and ALT in hypertensive patients. Conclusions: Our findings indicated that the rs4344 variant of the ACE gene is linked to impaired liver function in hypertensive individuals
Restif de La Bretonne, moda e sociedade na França no fim do século XVIII (1769-1794).
No full textPrograma de Pós-Graduação em História. Departamento de História, Instituto de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto.Esta dissertação propõe examinar a moda na França, sobretudo na sociedade parisiense, no fim do século XVIII. Os escritos de Restif de La Bretonne, utilizados como fonte histórica, permitem ver como a moda estava inserida nos costumes internalizados pela etiqueta e pela diferenciação no Antigo Regime. Observamos também que havia uma flexibilidade emergente na relação entre o vestir e a hierarquia. A ética burguesa e a racionalização da moda permitiram com que as formas de se vestir passassem a ser vistas como parte da transparência e sinceridade do indivíduo. Isso não implicou um abandono completo da moda como forma de indicar a posição social, mas a recolocou em novas dinâmicas do processo civilizador, segundo as lógicas de liberdade própria ao sujeito histórico. A autenticidade apareceu, então, nesse fim de século XVIII, como um meio em que as pessoas se apresentavam socialmente, segundo as regras do bem comum e da virtude social burguesa.Ce mémoire de Master a pour but d’examiner la mode, en France, en particulier dans la société parisienne, à la fin du XVIIIᵉ siècle. L’œuvre de Restif de La Bretonne, prise comme source historique, permet de comprendre comment la mode s’inscrivait dans les usages intériorisés de l’étiquette et dans les mécanismes de différenciation propres à l’Ancien Régime. Nous observons aussi l'émergence d’une certaine souplesse en ce qui concerne l’habillement et les rapports à la hiérarchie sociale. L’éthique bourgeoise et la rationalisation de la mode ont rendu possible une nouvelle compréhension des manières de se vêtir, désormais perçues comme partie intégrante de la transparence et de la sincérité de l’individu. Cela n’implique pas un abandon complet de la mode comme indicateur de position sociale, mais la reconfigure au sein de nouvelles dynamiques du processus de civilisation, d’après des logiques de liberté propres au sujet historique. L’authenticité apparaît ainsi, à cette fin du XVIIIe siècle, comme un moyen permettant aux gens de se présenter socialement, en considérant les règles du bien commun et la vertu sociale bourgeoise
Análisis de empresas de autoalmacenaje en Brasil : evidencia de múltiples estudios de caso.
No full textO self storage é um espaço de autoarmazenagem destinado à colocação de bens ou produtos seja de uso pessoal ou empresarial. Dessa forma, um cliente pode alugar uma unidade de armazenamento de tamanho apropriado a sua necessidade por um ou vários meses. Apesar das empresas de self storage já atuarem no Brasil há algum tempo, muitas delas são emergentes e muitas pessoas desconhecem a sua forma de atuação. Neste sentido, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a aplicação do self storage no Brasil, no intuito de verificar as principais características e motivação para adoção deste tipo de armazenagem no país. Para tanto, o método de pesquisa adotado é o estudo múltiplo, onde foram entrevistados os gestores de 11 self storages localizados nas diferentes regiões do país. Dentre os principais motivos para adoção de um self storage citados pelos clientes, foram destacados: a mudança de casa; empresas que necessitam de espaço adicional; acúmulo excessivo; armazenamento de objetos pessoais; dentre outros. As vantagens do negócio, tais como: bom retorno financeiro, alta demanda em tempos de crise, o baixo custo de construção em relação aos outros empreendimentos, grande capitalização e grandes períodos de supervalorização foram evidenciadas pelos entrevistados. Apesar disso, alguns desafios enfrentados pelas empresas também foram destacados, tais como: a falta de conhecimento da população sobre o empreendimento; falta de regulamentação; falta de profissionais capacitados; inadimplência e localização do empreendimento. Por fim, é possível destacar que avaliando as vantagens e desafios, a maioria dos entrevistados considera o self storage como um investimento promissor.Self storage is a space intended for the placement of goods or products, whether for personal or business use. In this way, a customer can rent a storage unit of an appropriate size to meet their needs for one or several months. Although self-storage companies have been operating in Brazil for some time, many of them are emerging, and many people are unaware of how they function. In this regard, this research aims to analyze the application of self-storage in Brazil, with the goal of identifying the main characteristics and motivations for adopting this type of storage in the country. To achieve this, the research method adopted is a multiple case study, where the managers of 11 self-storage facilities located in different regions of the country were interviewed. Among the main reasons cited by customers for adopting self- storage are: moving house, companies needing additional space, excessive accumulation, personal item storage, among others. The business advantages, such as good financial returns, high demand during times of crisis, low construction costs compared to other ventures, high capitalization, and long periods of high appreciation were highlighted by the interviewees. Despite this, some challenges faced by companies were also highlighted, such as the lack of public awareness about the business, lack of regulation, shortage of skilled professionals, delinquency, and the location of the facility. Finally, it is worth noting that, when evaluating the advantages and challenges, most of the interviewees consider self-storage a promising investment
Avaliação numérica avançada de elementos de madeira e treliças metálicas sob temperaturas elevadas.
No full textPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Civil. Departamento de Engenharia Civil, Escola de Minas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto.A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo principal avaliar numericamente o desempenho de estruturas de madeira em situação de incêndio e treliças metálicas sob altas temperaturas. A capacidade resistente dos elementos estruturais de madeira é comprometida quando este material é exposto à condição de elevadas temperaturas, uma vez que suas propriedades físico-mecânicas se deterioram em função do aumento da temperatura, da mesma forma que para barras de treliça de aço. Os aspectos do problema de transmissão de calor e do comportamento da madeira sob altas temperaturas e os fundamentos da análise de estruturas baseada no Método dos Elementos Finitos (MEF) são abordados. Neste contexto, empregou-se a formulação baseada no MEF referenciado no sistema corrotacional para acompanhar os grandes deslocamentos e rotações do sistema estrutural. Já o comportamento inelástico do material foi simulado por meio do acoplamento entre o Método da Rótula Plástica Refinado (MRPR) e o Método da Compatibilidade de Deformações (MCD). Dessa forma, os módulos computacionais, CS- ASA/FA (Computational System for Advanced Structural Analysis/Fire Analysis) e CS- ASA/FSA (Computational System for Advanced Structural Analysis/Fire Structural Analysis) foram expandidos e adaptados para a análise avançada não linear de estruturas de madeira sob temperaturas elevadas. Adicionalmente, foram implementadas diversas formulações não lineares de treliças, modelos constitutivos e carregamento térmico, para viabilizar tais análises a partir do CS-ASA, permitindo análises avançadas de elementos treliçados sob altas temperaturas. As metodologias desenvolvidas e aplicadas foram verificadas pelo sucesso das análises de elementos estruturais de madeira em situação de incêndio utilizando os resultados experimentais e numéricos disponíveis na literatura.The main objective of this research was to numerically evaluate the performance of timber structures under fire conditions and metal trusses under high temperatures. The load- bearing capacity of timber structural elements is compromised when exposed to high temperatures, as their physical and mechanical properties deteriorate due to the increase in temperature, similar to those of steel truss bars. The study addresses aspects of heat transmission and timber behavior under high temperatures, as well as the fundamentals of structural analysis based on the Finite Element Method (FEM). In this context, a FEM- based formulation referenced to the co-rotational system was used to monitor the large displacements and rotations of the structural system. The inelastic behavior of the material was simulated by coupling the Refined Plastic Hinged Method (RPHM) with the Strain Compatibility Method (SCM). Thus, the computational modules CS-ASA/FA (Computational System for Advanced Structural Analysis/Fire Analysis) and CS- ASA/FSA (Computational System for Advanced Structural Analysis/Fire Structural Analysis) were expanded and adapted for advanced nonlinear analysis of timber structures under elevated temperatures. Additionally, several nonlinear truss formulations, constitutive models, and thermal loading were implemented to enable such analyses using CS-ASA, enabling advanced analyses of truss elements under high temperatures. The developed and applied methodologies were verified by the successful analysis of timber structural elements under fire conditions using experimental and numerical results available in the literature