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Unraveling the genetic diversity of Ceiba pubiflora (Malvaceae) in isolated limestone outcrops : conservation strategies.
No full textSeasonally Dry Tropical Forests (SDTFs) located on limestone outcrops are vulnerable to degradation caused by timber logging and limestone extraction for cement production. Some of these forests represent the last remnants of native vegetation cover, functioning as isolated islands. Ceiba pubiflora (Malvaceae) is a tree frequently found on limestone outcrops in the central region of Brazil. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity and identify suitable populations for the establishment of Management Units (MUs) for conservation. Inter-simple sequence repeat markers were employed to assess the genetic diversity in ten populations sampled from the Caatinga, Cerrado, and Atlantic Forest biomes. The species exhibited substantial genetic diversity (HT = 0.345; PLP = 97.89%). Populations SAH, JAN, and MON demonstrated elevated rates of polymorphic loci (> 84.2%) along with notable genetic diversity (He > 0.325). Additionally, these populations were the primary contributors to gene flow. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that most genetic variation occurs within populations (91.5%) than between them. In the Bayesian analysis, the ten populations were clustered into five groups, revealing the presence of at least three barriers to gene flow in the landscape: 1) the Central Plateau or Paranã River valley; 2) near the Espinhac ̧o mountains or the São Francisco River valley; and 3) around the Mantiqueira mountain range, Chapada dos Veadeiros plateau, and disturbed areas. A positive and statistically significant correlation was observed between genetic (θB) and geographic distances (r = 0.425, p = 0.008). Based on these findings, we propose the establishment of Management Units in Minas Gerais state, encompassing the (1) southern region (MIN population), (2) central region (SAH population), and (3) north region (MON population), as well as in Goiás state, covering the (4) Central Plateau region. These units can significantly contribute to preserving the genetic diversity of these trees and protecting their habitat against ongoing threats
Sonhos de taquara nesse texto feito de corpo, feito de Siaburu : criação em dança entre o butô e a arte indígena contemporânea.
No full textPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Artes Cênicas. Departamento de Artes, Instituto de Filosofia, Arte e Cultura, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto.A escrita na dissertação Sonhos de taquara nesse texto feito corpo, feito de
siaburu propõe um estudo sobre o processo de criação em dança entre o butô e a
arte indígena contemporânea. Compartilho memórias ancestrais na afirmação da
identidade indígena, no processo de criação e composição do espetáculo siaburu,
de minha autoria. Aqui, a linguagem poética é grito de onça em sua tomada de
consciência política da ocupação indígena na periferia. Entre o asfalto e a mata
encontro no caminho da jiboia um feitiço contra-colonial. Em siaburu a investigação
da arte indígena contemporânea é movimento de metamorfoses, atravessada pela
pesquisa da dança butô, em suas artesanias nas dramaturgias do corpo. Escuto do
vento, as pistas poéticas nessa dança que inicia onde habita as qualidades do fim,
são urgências de revoluções diárias. Nesta trilha converso com: Leda Maria Martins,
Nego Bispo, Jaider Esbell, Éden Peretta, Kuniichi Uno, Ailton Krenak e Movimento
Plurinacional Wayrakuna.
Aprender a dançar com a terra é botar em movimento de escuta narrativas
contra-coloniais em uma pesquisa de movimentos, relação corpo e a mãe-terra.
Atravessada pelos sonhos das taquaras, faço do corpo meu texto, na escrita poética
de siaburu, sobrevoando as imagens que ressoam corporeidades na cena ao
tensionar na arte e na política os direitos da memória.The writing in the dissertation Dreams of bamboo in this text made of body, made of
siaburu proposes a study on the process of creation in dance between butoh and
contemporary indigenous art. I share ancestral memories in the affirmation of
indigenous identity, in the process of creating and composing, the co-authored
performance siaburu. Here, poetic language becomes the roar of a jaguar, a political
awakening to the indigenous occupation in the periphery. Between asphalt and forest
I encounter a counter-colonial spell on the path of the boa constrictor. The
investigation of contemporary indigenous art is a movement of metamorphosis,
intersecting with the study of butoh dance in its craftsmanship within the
dramaturgies of the body in siaburu. I listen to poetic cues from the wind in this dance
that begins where the qualities of the end become daily urgencies for revolutions.
Along this trail, I converse with Leda Maria Martins, Nego Bispo, Jaider Esbell, Éden
Peretta, Kuniichi Uno, Ailton Krenak and the Plurinational Wayrakuna Movement.
Learning to dance with the earth is listening to counter-colonial narratives in this
research of movements, making a recce between body and mother earth. Crossed by
the dreams of the bamboo trees, I make the body my text, in the poetic writing of
siaburu, flying over images resonating with corporealities on the stage, while also
challenging the rights of memory
Popular culture in everyday school life : from marginalization to integration.
No full textEste artigo tem como proposta central analisar como a cultura popular é abordada no cotidiano escolar. Além disso, pretende-se descrever a relação da cultura popular com a educação escolar, refletir como a cultura popular pode estar sendo marginalizada pela escola e identificar algumas contribuições e possibilidades para a integração da cultura popular na escola. O estudo caracteriza-se como uma pesquisa bibliográfica, de abordagem qualitativa. Os dados coletados foram analisados de maneira descritiva, crítica e interpretativa. Foram levantados dados de pesquisas de autores como Abib (2006, 2019), Arroyo (2013), Burke (2010), Cordeiro (2022), Giroux e Simon (1994), Leite e Silva (2023), Moreira e Candau (2013), Pessoa (2018) entre outros, além da BNCC (2017) e da LDBEN (1996), Lei nº 9.394/96. Foi verificado que a cultura popular, mesmo tendo uma relação aproximada com a educação, é muitas das vezes marginalizada pelo currículo escolar, sendo que os conhecimentos legitimados e validados, quase sempre são aqueles que expressam as vozes da classe dominante. Todavia, acredita-se que existem possibilidades para integrar os saberes da cultura popular na escola e as contribuições são diversas: permite a compreensão de que todos os saberes são importantes; contribui para a afirmação da identidade cultural, de classe e de pertencimento do indivíduo; propicia uma educação emancipadora; possibilita uma formação humana, política e cidadã dos sujeitos, isto é, uma formação integral.This article's central proposal is to analyze how popular culture is approached in everyday school life. Furthermore, we intend to describe the relationship between popular culture and school education, reflect on how popular culture may be marginalized by schools and identify some contributions and possibilities for the integration of popular culture in schools. The study is characterized as bibliographical research, with a qualitative approach. The data collected was analyzed in a descriptive, critical and interpretative manner. Research data from authors such as Abib (2006, 2019), Arroyo (2013), Burke (2010), Cordeiro (2022), Giroux and Simon (1994), Leite e Silva (2023), Moreira and Candau (2013) were collected, Pessoa (2018) among others, in addition to BNCC (2017) and LDBEN (1996), Law nº 9,394/96. It was found that popular culture, even though it has a close relationship with education, is often marginalized by the school curriculum, with legitimized and validated knowledge almost always being those that express the voices of the dominant class. However, it is believed that there are possibilities to integrate knowledge from popular culture at school and the contributions are diverse: it allows the understanding that all knowledge is important; contributes to the affirmation of the individual’s cultural, class and belonging identity; provides an emancipatory education; enables a human, political and civic formation of subjects, that is, an integral formation
The impact of food enrichment on the behavior of cownose ray (Rhinoptera bonasus) kept under human care.
No full textThe cownose ray (Rhinoptera bonasus) faces vulnerability primarily due to unregulated fishing, resource overexploitation, and habitat degradation. Consequently, individuals maintained under human care play a pivotal role in species conservation, particularly when their welfare is prioritized. Achieving optimal welfare in aquarium settings relies heavily on effective management practices, notably environmental enrichment. However, research on the efficacy of such techniques for cownose rays remains limited. Thus, this study sought to evaluate the impact of various food enrichment items on the behavior of four individuals at the São Paulo Aquarium in Brazil. The project encompassed three phases: baseline, enrichment, and post-enrichment. Enrichment items, designed to mimic the species’ natural foraging behavior, included an ice block containing food, food hidden in vegetables fixed to structures at the bottom of the tank, a tray with substrate and food, and a perforated plastic container with food inside. Behavioral observations utilized focal sampling with instantaneous recording every minute. Results showed increased foraging activity in the post-enrichment phase, whereas swimming increased and following behaviors decreased during the enrichment phase. Additionally, foraging behaviors predominantly occurred near the aquarium bottom. Overall, findings suggest that enrichment items effectively stimulated natural behaviors in cownose rays and were very attractive to the fish, advocating for their integration into specie management protocols to enhance welfare
The development of the intercultural competence in students involved in Teletandem interaction.
No full textEste estudo tem como objetivo fazer um levantamento de momentos de troca intercultural entre alunos americanos e brasileiros em interação via teletandem, bem como verificar como esses momentos de desenvolvimento da competência intercultural são percebidos por esses alunos via escritos semanais em um blog. Como base, tomaremos a definição de aprendizagem intercultural de Borghetti e Beaven (2015), que considera que a interculturalidade é coconstruída durante a interação, isto é, que a interação entre pessoas de culturas diferentes é potencialmente um momento de desenvolvimento da competência intercultural. Os resultados iniciais, baseados na leitura e análise dos blogs escritos pelos alunos americanos após cada sessão de Teletandem, mostram que esses alunos fazem uso dos três tipos de sequência de interação descritos. Isso parece apontar para o fato que, além do desenvolvimento linguístico, os alunos estão tendo a oportunidade de desenvolver sua competência intercultural. O acompanhamento das escritas ao longo do semestre letivo mostra que houve um aumento significativo de momentos em que os alunos explicaram aos seus companheiros aspectos da sua cultura, assim como de momentos em que já conseguiam expressar sua compreensão dos aspectos da outra cultura. Desde o primeiro blog foi registrada a tentativa de adaptação à contribuição do outro, como na busca dos temas a discutir (é necessário ressaltar que essas sessões de interações acontecem de forma autônoma sem um direcionamento por parte de professores em ambos os lados da interação) e nas opiniões sobre os assuntos apresentados. O contato regular entre os alunos tornou esse aspecto cada vez mais tranquilo para todos os participantes pesquisados.This Project has as its objective study the moments of intercultural Exchange among Brazilian and American students via Teletandem interaction, as well verify how these moments of development of intercultural competence are perceived by these students in their weekly blog writings. It is grounded in Borghetti and Beaven’s (2015) definition of intercultural learning who consider that interculturality is co constructed during interaction, that is, that the interaction of people from different cultures is potentially a moment of development of intercultural competence. Initial results, based on the reading and analyses of blogs written by American students after each Teletandem interaction, show that they make use of the three different sequences, It points to the fact that, besides the linguistic development, the students are having the opportunity to develop their intercultural competence. The blogs written along the semester show that there has been a significant increase in moments when students have explained aspects if their culture to their partners, as well as moments in which they could already explain their understanding of their partner’s culture. Since the first blog it was possible to notice the attempt to adapt to the contribution of their partners as in the search for topics to discuss (it is necessary to highlight that these interactions happen in an autonomous way without a direct guidance by the professors from each country) and in their opinions about the subjects discussed. The regular contact among the students has made this aspect very easy for all participants
Interaction between Fokl polymorphism and vitamin D deficiency in the symptoms of mental disorders in adults : a population‑based study.
No full textMental disorders are intricate and multifaceted and encompass social, economic, environmental, and biological factors. This study aimed to explore the potential association between vitamin D deficiency and anxiety and depression symptoms in adults, considering the role of the vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism FokI (rs2228570). This was a population-based cross-sectional study with stratified and cluster sampling, evaluating anxiety symptoms (AS) and depression symptoms (DS) in 1637 adults. Vitamin D levels were measured using electrochemiluminescence and were considered deficient when < 20 ng/mL in a healthy population or < 30 ng/mL in at-risk groups. Genotyping was performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction with TaqMan probes. The prevalence rates of AS, DS, and vitamin D deficiency were 23.5%, 15.8%, and 30.9%, respectively. No direct association was observed between vitamin D deficiency and AS or DS. However, interaction analysis revealed a combined effect of vitamin D deficiency and FokI for DS but not for AS. Individuals with vitamin deficiency and one or two copies of the altered allele of the FokI exhibited a higher prevalence of DS than individuals homozygous for the wild-type allele and vitamin D sufficiency. The interaction between vitamin D deficiency and the FokI polymorphism was associated with DS
Crowdsourcing, Big Data and network analysis techniques applied to tourist demand.
No full textO presente estudo aplicou técnicas de mineração de dados textuais, análise textual estatística e análise de redes em um banco de dados qualitativo com informações resultantes de comentários provenientes de mídia social especializada em turismo com vistas a analisar o discurso dos visitantes dos Parques Nacionais do Piauí. Estas unidades de conservação são importantes ativos turísticos porque além de abrigarem grande patrimônio natural, são de extrema relevância histórica por conterem milhares de sítios arqueológicos. A metodologia desenvolvida neste artigo apresenta critérios defensáveis e reproduzíveis para ser replicada em qualquer atrativo turístico presente no TripAdvisor, e amplia sobremaneira a compreensão acerca da percepção dos visitantes e da essência dos lugares, facilitando a tomada de decisões de planejadores e gestores de destinos turísticos. Os resultados apresentados foram alcançados a partir do uso de técnicas de automação e programação computacional para extrair um grande volume de dados - Big Data - de rastros (pegadas digitais) deixados pelos viajantes no TripAdvisor, a respeito dos atrativos turísticos de interesse. O banco de dados qualitativos foi minerado com o uso de softwares livres voltados à análise textual, tratamento dos dados e análise das redes. A partir dos resultados foi possível identificar aspectos fundamentais a respeito dos destinos turísticos ora destacados como, por exemplo, a centralidade das temáticas a respeito dos aspectos arqueológicos e o acompanhamento de guias.This study applied text data mining techniques, statistical text analysis and network analysis in a qualitative database with information resulting from comments from social media specialized in tourism in order to identify the perception of visitors to the National Parks of Piauí. These conservation units are important tourist assets because they house a great natural heritage with extreme historical relevance with thousands of archaeological sites. The methodology developed in this article presents defensible and reproducible criteria to be replicated in any tourist attraction present on TripAdvisor, and greatly expands the understanding about the perception of visitors and the essence of places, facilitating the decision making of planners and managers of tourist destinations. The presented results were achieved from the use of automation techniques and computational programming to extract a large volume of data - Big Data - from digital footprints left by travelers on TripAdvisor, regarding the tourist attractions of interest. The qualitative database was mined using free software aimed at textual analysis, statistical treatment and network analysis. Based on the results, it was possible to identify key aspects regarding the tourist destinations such as the centrality of themes regarding archaeological aspects and the monitoring of local guides
Behavioral responses of Vinaceous-breasted Amazon parrots to anti-predator training.
No full textConservation translocations have a low success rate mainly due the lack of skills of introduced animals to survive in the new environment, such as naivety facing a potential predator. Pre-release training based on classical conditioning may allow those animals to identify threats. Here we evaluated the behavioral responses to anti- predator training by an endangered tropical species, the Vinaceous-breasted Amazon parrot (Amazona vinacea). We investigated the hypothesis that anti-predator training of captive parrots can stimulate aversive behavior towards predators, also investigating whether animals habituated to the training. Eleven parrots were submitted to anti-predator training using four different predator models (jaguar, bird of prey, dog, and human) and a chair as control. During training, the predator models were associated with an aversive stimulus, represented by a disguised person chasing the animals. All training sessions were video recorded and parrots’ behaviors were collected through footage analysis. Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMMs) were adjusted to evaluate the animals’ behaviors during training and to evaluate changes in behavior according to the predator model. We also carried out a Time Series Analysis (TSA) through a Temporal Autocorrelation to identify signs of habituation. Parrots escaped more in training with all predators than in training with the chair. Parrots also walked in the presence of the dog, the human, and the bird of prey, which is a mild response than escaping but also suggests a risk perception. The behaviors eating and preening were most observed in training with the chair. The parrots showed behavioral changes throughout the training sessions, with a decrease in the frequency of the behavior walking and an increase in the behavior alert, which is an indication that parrots did not habituate to stimuli used during training. The results obtained by TSA also corroborated this finding. Overall, our results demonstrated that anti predator training can elicit proper behaviors in captive animals, which, after release, may contribute to the animals survival in the wild. Thus, anti-predator training should be applied as a pre-release technique in parrot conservation programs
Uma proposta de sequência didática investigativa para educação do campo sobre a temática da mineração.
No full textPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ensino de Ciências. Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto.É sabido que a atividade minerária no Brasil está, desde o início da colonização
desse país, deixando impactos ambientais de grandes proporções ao longo da
história, abarcando inúmeros garimpos, minas e lavras no território brasileiro. Nesse
contexto extrativista, ocorrem diferentes conflitos socioambientais por disputas
fundiárias, ataque aos povos e comunidades tradicionais, desrespeito aos seus
modos de vida predominando o modelo hegemônico de desenvolvimento,
abrangendo povos invisibilizados como remanescentes de quilombos, indígenas,
ribeirinhos, caboclos e outros povos e comunidades tradicionais. Esta pesquisa tem
como objetivo desenvolver um material didático em forma de sequência didática
investigativa (SDI) que propicia abordar a temática relacionadas à mineração, com
foco nos sujeitos do campo, destacando a democratização dos debates sobre a
mineração, envolvendo diferentes setores da sociedade e diversas perspectivas de
pensamento, demonstrando a importância da transposição didática, ou seja, a
adaptação do conhecimento científico para o contexto educacional, e destaca as
BIONAS como uma ferramenta pedagógica. Destaca-se a relevância desta pesquisa
no contexto da educação do campo, reconhecendo seu potencial para promover
uma educação inclusiva, contextualizada e crítica para os sujeitos do campo.It is known that mining activity in Brazil has, since the beginning of the colonization of
that country, left large-scale environmental impacts throughout history,
encompassing countless mining sites, mines and mining operations in Brazilian
territory. In this extractive context, different socio-environmental conflicts occur due to
land disputes, as well as an attack on traditional peoples and communities due to
respect for their ways of life and the hegemonic model of development, covering
invisible peoples such as remnants of quilombos, indigenous people, riverside
dwellers, caboclos and others. traditional peoples and communities. This research
aims to develop teaching material in the form of an investigative didactic sequence
(SDI) that allows addressing related to mining, focusing on subjects in the field,
highlighting the democratization of debates about mining, involving different sectors
of society and diverse perspectives of thought, demonstrating the importance of
didactic transposition, that is, the adaptation of scientific knowledge to the
educational context, and highlights BIONAS as a pedagogical tool. The relevance of
this research in the context of rural education is highlighted, recognizing its potential
to promote an inclusive, contextualized and critical education for rural subjects
Entrants profile analisys of the postgraduate program in mineral engineering students in Federal University of Ouro Preto.
No full textDesde os anos 2000 o Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Mineral (PPGEM) da Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP) introduz mestres e doutores no mercado de trabalho, sendo fundamentado no desenvolvimento de profissionais com base na pesquisa científica. Devido à globalização e consequente facilidade no acesso às informações, barreiras geográficas foram extrapoladas e eventualmente esse fenômeno afetou também no perfil dos ingressantes no PPGEM. Este artigo apresenta uma avaliação sobre o perfil dos ingressantes nos cursos de Mestrado e Doutorado do PPGEM - UFOP ao longo dos anos, a partir de dados coletados via questionário utilizando a plataforma online Google Forms. O estudo também tem como objetivo trazer novas discussões sobre o tema e trazer melhorias para os cursos e futuros ingressantes. Por fim, após a análise do banco de dados obtido, o perfil das pessoas que buscam especialização em engenharia mineral ou em mineração em geral, não são apenas as pessoas que buscam carreira acadêmica, mas também para ter uma chance na indústria mineral ou para migrar para a área nas empresas que trabalham.The Postgraduate Program in Mineral Engineering (PPGEM) of Federal University of Ouro Preto inserts masters and doctors in job market since 2000’s and has it’s pilar focused on scientifical research. In function of globalization, the access to information people who enters the postgraduate program in PPGEM. The present paper presents an evaluation of the profile of those entrants in masters and doctors’ programs through the years. The focus of the work was to map a profile of the people who graduated or still studying some of the courses offered by the program through questionary made in GoogleForms and disseminated online. The study also aims to bring new discussion of the theme and bring improvement for the courses and new entrants. Finally, through the
analysis of the answers of the interviewed, the profile of the people who look for specific specialization in mining or minerals engineering is not only to follow an academic carrer, but also to have a chance in mining industry or migrate to mining areas due to mining companies