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Understanding the synergistic antioxidant mechanism of a layered double hydroxide–lycopene composite by spectroscopic techniques.
No full textLycopene is one of the most powerful natural antioxidants with demonstrated capacity to protect and reduce risks against
some diseases. It has also been used as additive in polymers for packaging. Hydrophobicity is the main disadvantage of this
compound, especially to prepare edible formulations and assimilation in the body; to improve this, emulsions have been
formulated although they provide a low content of lycopene. For this study, we prepared a hybrid composite material with
layered double hydroxides (LDHs) and 54% of lycopene. The composite is easily dispersed in water and when subjected
to aqueous media to simulate a pass through stomach (pH 1.2), small intestine (pH 6.8) and large intestine (pH 7.4), where
the composite released 84.5%, 92.8 and 96.7% of lycopene, respectively. The composite was analyzed in each step. The
antioxidant capacity of the composite was similar to that of pure lycopene, although the content of lycopene was partial.
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicated that the cations from LDH
particles also contribute to capture unpaired electrons, thus producing a synergy in the antioxidant activity. Further, UV–vis
and infrared spectroscopies demonstrated that the lycopene molecule was protected within along the pass through the three
simulated media. This composite is an alternative vehicle to prepare lycopene supplements for oral consumption, maximizing the stability, and enhancing the release and therapeutic profle. This composite is also an alternative antioxidant additive
for polymers or biofuels
Ghost fat : altered female body perception after bariatric surgery.
No full textBody perception is an individual’s ability to recognize their body in attitudinal and/or
dimensional aspects. We investigated women’s body perceptions before and after
bariatric surgery. Participants were 31 women (M age = 36.23, SD = 7.95 years old)
with an average pre-operative body mass index of 44.58 (SD = 4.65) kg/m2
. We
collected anthropometric and body perception measures (attitudinal body image [ABI]
and dimensional body image [DBI]) before bariatric surgery and 30, 60, 90, and
120 days after it. There was an average decrease of 21.09% in participants’ body weight
over the 120 days. Regarding ABI, 51.61% of participants had high body dissatisfaction
before surgery, and this proportion of dissatisfied participants decreased to 3.23%
120 days after surgery. We observed no statistically significant differences in DBI
perceptions. Fast weight loss caused by bariatric surgery appeared to generate a perception of ghost fat. Somatosensory interventions and/or a longer follow-up are
needed to alter this persistent distortion of body dimensions
Vulnerabilidade algorítmica do trabalhador docente no ensino superior privado.
No full textPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Direito. Departamento de Direito, Escola de Direito, Turismo e Museologia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto.A implementação do gerenciamento algorítmico nas condições materiais e
organizacionais de trabalho, incorporada nas tecnologias de inteligência artificial, provoca uma
série de mudanças no controle da produtividade e da eficiência no bojo da relação laboral, que
atuam na otimização dos interesses empresariais. O trabalhador docente das instituições
privadas de ensino superior experimenta desafios desse novo modelo de exploração de seu
trabalho, que consolidam e ampliam a assimetria das relações de poder. A compreensão dos
parâmetros e das métricas do gerenciamento algorítmico do trabalho alheio é mister para a
efetivação dos direitos correlatos da classe docente, que se vulnerabiliza com tal mecanismo de
precarização. A pesquisa objetiva aferir a possibilidade teórica do reconhecimento de uma nova
dimensão de vulnerabilidade, qual seja, a vulnerabilidade algorítmica docente na relação
laboral, bem como o seus caracterizados, a partir de percepções descritas em literatura de
enfoque específico em articulação com a teia dos direitos fundamentais. A hipótese a ser testada
é de que a vulnerabilidade algorítmica docente se desenha com nitidez suficiente de seus
elementos caracterizadores, de modo a lhe assegurar a qualidade de um construto denso de
significado e de possíveis repercussões para o Direito do Trabalho. A metodologia adotada é
teórica de vertente jurídico-social porque almeja apreciar a proteção juslaboral desde sua base
nos direitos fundamentais até o refinamento das estratégias de reforço do desequilíbrio
relacional, em desfavor do obreiro, coletando-se dados em fontes documentais secundárias. A
pesquisa escrutina o problema por meio do aparato das teorias da vulnerabilidade no âmbito
juslaboral desenvolvidas por Leandro do Amaral Dorneles e por Amauri Cesar Alves. Ao final,
alcança-se, como resultado conclusivo, que a gestão algorítmica e a sua associação com
inteligência artificial possuem o potencial de reforçar, significativamente, a vulneração do
trabalho docente, a ponto de seus caracterizadores delinearem uma dimensão peculiar da
vulnerabilidade, qual seja, a vulnerabilidade algorítmica laboral, que deve impactar a
modulação da incidência do direito fundamental à proteção da relação de emprego.The implementation of algorithmic management in the material and organizational
conditions of work, incorporated into artificial intelligence technologies, provokes a series of
changes in the control of productivity and efficiency within labor relations, which act to
optimize business interests. The teaching staff of private higher education institutions
experience challenges from this new model of exploitation of their work, which consolidates
and amplifies the asymmetry of power relations. Understanding the parameters and metrics of
algorithmic management of other people's work is necessary for the realization of the related
rights of the teaching profession, which is vulnerable to this mechanism of precariousness. The
research aims to assess the theoretical possibility of recognizing a new dimension of
vulnerability, namely, algorithmic vulnerability of the teaching profession in labor relations, as
well as its characteristics, based on perceptions described in literature with a specific focus in
conjunction with the web of fundamental rights. The hypothesis to be tested is that algorithmic
vulnerability of the teaching profession is clearly defined by its defining elements, in order to
ensure its quality as a dense construct of meaning and possible repercussions for labor law. The
methodology adopted is theoretical from a legal and social perspective because it aims to
appreciate labor law protection from its foundation in fundamental rights to the refinement of
strategies to reinforce the relational imbalance against the worker, collecting data from
secondary documentary sources. The research examines the problem through the theories of
vulnerability in labor law developed by Leandro do Amaral Dorneles and Amauri Cesar Alves.
In the end, the conclusive result is that algorithmic management and its association with
artificial intelligence have the potential to significantly reinforce the violation of the teaching
profession, to the point where its defining characteristics delineate a peculiar dimension of
vulnerability, namely, labor algorithmic vulnerability, which should impact the modulation of
the incidence of the fundamental right to the protection of the employment relationship
Desenvolvimento de proposta conceitual de um sistema automático de manuseio de minério de ferro em portos.
No full textPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Materiais. Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica, Escola de Minas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto.Essa dissertação apresenta soluções e ideias para a automatização dos equipamentos e
sistemas de manuseio de minério de ferro em portos. Portos destinados ao manuseio de minério
são na sua maioria compostos por máquinas e equipamentos de grande porte e com grandes
massas e inércia considerável envolvida. Podemos citar as empilhadeiras de minério de ferro,
recuperadoras, correias transportadoras e os carregadores de navios. Atualmente há grande
competição entre as empresas do setor de mineração por maior eficiência e busca por maior
qualidade de material com menor custo de produção. Os desafios relacionados a melhorias no
processo no que diz respeito a segurança e produtividade, bem como redução de custos também
são enormes e certamente são grandes diferenciais no mercado. Este trabalho apresenta a
aplicação da automação das máquinas e do processo de controle e manuseio de minério de ferro
como uma das soluções mais promissoras no objetivo de aumentar a segurança operacional e a
eficiência dos processos, considerando ainda que possui ferramentas que podem auxiliar na
tomada de decisões. Essas soluções já são parcialmente implantadas em alguns portos que
operam no Brasil e também em alguns outros países, mas sabemos que são tecnologias que
ainda estão em amplo desenvolvimento e há muito espaço para melhorias que necessitam de
intensa pesquisa para evolução de técnicas cada vez mais apuradas.This dissertation presents solutions and ideas for automating iron ore handling
equipment and the systems in ports. Ports designed to handle iron ore are mostly made up of
big machines and equipment with large masses and considerable inertia involved. We can
mention iron ore stackers, reclaimers, conveyor belts and ship loaders. Currently there is great
competition between companies in the mining sector for greater efficiency and the search for
higher quality of material with lower production costs. The challenges related to process
improvements in terms of safety and productivity, as well as cost reduction, are also enormous
and are certainly major differentiators in the market. This work presents the automation of the
machines and the iron ore handling and process control as one of the most promising solutions
in order to increase operational safety and process efficiency, considering that it also has tools
that can assist in taking decisions. These solutions are already partially implemented in some
ports in Brazil and also in some other countries, but we know that these are technologies that
are still undergoing extensive development and there is a lot of room for improvements that
require intense research to evolve increasingly refined techniques
The corn culture and the cultural heritage of Patos de Minas : interpretations and tourism possibilities.
No full textProcura-se, neste artigo, investigar elementos constituintes da história de Patos de Minas, Minas Gerais, no que tange a seu patrimônio cultural, explorando possíveis atrativos turísticos que fazem parte do cotidiano da comunidade patense. Foi realizada uma pesquisa de abordagem metodológica qualitativa, iniciando-se com uma revisão de literatura, seguida pela pesquisa documental e, por fim, foram analisadas manifestações culturais que valorizam os saberes e fazeres da população e que são permeados pelo principal elemento simbólico da cidade, a cultura do milho. Também foram escolhidos alguns exemplos de caráter material e imaterial que fazem parte do cotidiano patense e podem vir a configurar possíveis atrativos turísticos.This article aims to investigate the constituent elements of the history of Patos de Minas, Minas Gerais, regarding its cultural heritage, exploring possible tourist attractions that are part of the daily life of the local community. A qualitative methodological approach was employed, starting with a literature review, followed by documentary research. Cultural expressions that value the knowledge and skills of the population, permeated by the city’s main symbolic element, the culture of corn, were analyzed. Furthermore, selected examples of both tangible and intangible nature were chosen, which are part of the daily life of Patos de Minas and have the potential to become tourist attractions
Um estudo das tecnologias e arquiteturas da indústria 4.0 no contexto da cadeia de suprimentos digital e inteligente.
No full textPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção. Departamento de Engenharia de Produção, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Aplicadas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto.A quarta revolução industrial, também conhecida como Indústria 4.0 (I4.0) é fortemente
impulsionada pela transformação digital. E nesse contexto, as empresas dependem cada vez
mais de tecnologias da informação e comunicação (TICs) para alavancarem produtividade e
competitividade. Este estudo avança na pesquisa sobre Cadeias de Suprimentos Digital e
Inteligente (CSDI) que é uma das dimensões da I4.0. Ao considerar o conceito de I4.0, existem
poucas pesquisas sobre as questões relacionadas à sua implementação no nível da Cadeia de
Suprimentos (CS). Nesse sentido, é explorada a relação entre as tecnologias avançadas da I4.0
e a CSDI. Para estudar essa relação foi escolhido como contexto de estudo uma importante
empresa do segmento siderúrgico do Brasil. Nesse contexto, a análise dessa relação foi
realizada a partir do seguinte objetivo geral: propor rotas tecnológicas capazes de integrar
princípios da I4.0, arquiteturas e tecnologias em prol de uma CSDI a partir da aplicação do
modelo technology roadmap (TRM), no contexto de uma siderúrgica brasileira. A metodologia
utilizada foi o estudo de caso em profundidade e os dados coletados por meio de entrevistas,
reunião com grupo focal e workshop. Essa pesquisa apresenta 05 achados: (1) adaptação da
arquitetura RAMI4.0 ao contexto da cadeia de suprimentos (artigo 1); (2) foram identificados
03 estágios para adoção das tecnologias da I4.0 no contexto da CSDI: avaliação do status
tecnológico da empresa; priorização dos fornecedores parceiros; e, implementação das ações
para adoção das tecnologias (artigo 2); (3) a proposição de uma integração de princípios,
arquiteturas e tecnologias da I4.0 por meio da elaboração das rotas tecnológicas no modelo
TRM (artigo 3); (4) foi observado que diferentes projetos são aplicados especificamente para
um determinado grupo de mercadoria (matéria-prima e/ou sobressalente), e, em diferentes
etapas da cadeia de suprimentos; (5) um resultado relevante é que o Enterprise Resource
Planing (ERP) foi considerado o sistema informatizado que relaciona com as demais
tecnologias envolvidas em diferentes projetos de aplicação dessas tecnologias. Os achados 4 e
5 foram observados nos três artigos.The fourth industrial revolution, also known as Industry 4.0 (I4.0) is strongly driven by digital
transformation. And in this context, companies increasingly depend on information and
communication technologies (ICTs) to leverage productivity and competitiveness. This study
advances research on Digital and Intelligent Supply Chains (DISC) which is one of the
dimensions of I4.0. When considering the concept of I4.0, there is little research on the issues
related to its implementation at the Supply Chain (SC) level. In this sense, the relationship
between the advanced technologies of I4.0 and DISC is explored. To study this relationship, an
important company in the steel industry in Brazil was chosen as the study context. In this
context, the analysis of this relationship was carried out based on the following objective: to
propose technological routes capable of integrating I4.0 principles, architectures and
technologies in favor of a CSDI based on of the application of the technology roadmap (TRM)
model, in the context of a Brazilian steel plant. The methodology used was the in-depth case
study and data were collected through interviews, focus group meeting and workshop. This
research presents 05 findings: (1) adaptation of the RAMI4.0 architecture to the context of the
supply chain (article 1); (2) 03 stages were identified for the adoption of I4.0 technologies in
the CSDI context: assessment of the company's technological status; prioritization of partner
suppliers and implementation of actions for the adoption of technologies (Article 2); (3) the
proposition of an integration of I4.0 principles, architectures and technologies through the
elaboration of technological routes in the TRM model (article 3); (4) it was observed that
different projects are applied specifically for a certain group of goods (raw material and/or spare
parts), and, in different stages of the supply chain; (5) a relevant result is that the Enterprise
Resource Planning (ERP) was considered the computerized system that relates with the other
technologies involved in different projects of application of these technologies. Findings 4 and
5 were observed in the three articles
Managing uncertainties during the development process of technological innovation projects : lean startup contributions.
No full textDuring the development of technological innovation projects, the team has difficulty to identify and managing
uncertainties, which represents a challenge to bring the technologies closer to the market. Although there are studies on
the management of uncertainties in innovation projects in different contexts of organizations, no studies were found
relating to the adoption of Lean Startup (LS) practices and the management of uncertainties during the development of
technological project processes in academic environments. Thus, this research aims to identify the uncertainties that can
be mitigated during the development of these technological projects using LS practices. A multiple case study was
conducted within a Brazilian federal university to fill this gap, analyzing nine technological innovation projects. The research
consisted of identifying the uncertainties experienced by the project innovation development team before and after the
application of LS practices. In the end, the uncertainties were analyzed in the context of each technological project,
considering the mitigation achieved after applying the LS practices, and comparing them with their initial state. As a result,
it was observed that the initial uncertainty categories most experienced by the project teams were related to products and
resources, especially those related to knowledge and team profile. When evaluating the uncertainties after applying the
LS practices, it was possible to observe that the most mitigated uncertainties were related to resources followed by the
business model, the latter being the third most experienced in the initial scenario of the project development process. On
the other hand, the uncertainties related to products were the ones that presented the least mitigation. Regarding
resource uncertainties, the LS practices contributed to the mitigation, specifically those related to process quality,
obtaining resources and knowledge, and team profile. As for the uncertainties observed in the business model, better
results were observed specifically in those focused on marketing strategy, pilot production, and definition of the revenue
model. It is concluded that the LS practices made more significant contributions to the business-related uncertainties than
to product-related ones since product-related uncertainties were the ones that obtained the lowest mitigation results
Análise do desenvolvimento de um ambiente acadêmico de inovação.
No full textPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção. Departamento de Engenharia de Produção, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Aplicadas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto.As inovações criadas normalmente são o resultado da ação organizada de diversos atores e
instituições (por exemplo, universidades, empresas, institutos de pesquisa, entre outros) em
sistemas sociais complexos. Esses ambientes são normalmente caracterizados por redes sociais
em diferentes níveis formadas por indivíduos com conhecimentos diferentes e complementares.
As patentes podem ser consideradas uma importante manifestação da criação de inovações
tecnológicas, pois são documentos formais que registram dados da invenção, seus inventores e
as instituições detentoras dos seus direitos de propriedade intelectual. Dessa maneira, este
estudo buscou responder à seguinte questão de pesquisa: Como os ambientes acadêmicos de
inovação se desenvolvem ao longo do tempo? Sendo assim, o objetivo geral desta pesquisa é
investigar como os ambientes acadêmicos de inovação se desenvolvem no tempo, a partir da
interação das equipes de pesquisadores/inventores. Para entender melhor o processo de criação
de inovações tecnológicas, foram utilizadas as lentes teóricas dos sistemas sociais de inovação.
O objeto de estudo consistiu na Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, da Universidade de
São Paulo (USP), cujo desenvolvimento de sua capacidade inovadora foi pesquisado por meio
dos dados de 93 patentes produzidas em seu ambiente entre os anos de 1988 e 2020. A pesquisa
utilizou-se de fontes documentais e baseou-se na coleta de dados dos atores deste ambiente.
Como principal resultado, destaca-se que a patente envolve diversos atores; em vários casos,
há a reunião de conhecimentos diferentes e complementares advindas de diferentes unidades
acadêmicas e não acadêmicas. Esta pesquisa concluiu que no decorrer do tempo os
pesquisadores passaram, cada vez mais, a formar equipes entre si para a criação das patentes,
demonstrando a importância da troca de conhecimento. Como contribuição para a teoria, este
estudo analisa como se desenvolvem os ambientes acadêmicos de inovação. De uma
perspectiva prática, esta pesquisa aponta insights e diretrizes que podem guiar a formação e
desenvolvimento de novos ambientes acadêmicos de inovação.The innovations created are, normally, the result of the organized action of several actors and
institutions (for example, universities, companies, research institutes, among others) in complex
social systems. These environments are usually characterized by social networks at different
levels formed by individuals with knowledge that is both different and complementary. Patents
can be considered an important manifestation of the creation of technological innovations, as
they are formal documents that record data on the invention, its inventors and the institutions
that hold their intellectual property rights. For that reason, this study sought to answer the
following research question: How do academic innovation environments develop over time?
Therefore, the general objective of this research is to investigate how academic environments
of innovation develop over time, based on the interaction of teams of researchers/inventors. To
better understand the process of creating technological innovations, the theoretical lenses of
social innovation systems was used. The object of study consisted of the Ribeirão Preto Medical
School, of the University of São Paulo (USP), whose development of innovative capacity was
researched using data from 93 patents produced in its environment between the years of 1988
and 2020. The research used documentary sources, based on the collection of data from the
actors in this environment. As a main result, it is highlighted that the patent involves several
actors; in several cases, different and complementary knowledge from different academic and
non-academic units is brought together. This research concluded that over time researchers
began, more and more, to form teams among themselves to create patents, demonstrating the
importance of exchanging knowledge. As a contribution to the theory, this study analyzes how
academic innovation environments develop. From a practical perspective, this research points
out insights and guidelines that can guide the formation and development of new academic
innovation environments
Gravity separation of fine itabirite iron ore using the Reflux Classifier – Part I – Investigation of continuous steady state separations across a wide range of parameters.
No full textHigh grade iron ore resources are becoming depleted in Brazil, with relatively low-grade ores requiring more intensive concentration to achieve a premium product. Accordingly, a typical industrial itabirite concentration circuit includes desliming in hydrocyclones and concentration via reverse flotation, product thickening and filtration, with the slimes sent to tailings thickeners, and onto tailings storage facilities. This work examined the potential for applying a vastly simpler approach, a single stage of gravity separation using the Reflux Classifier. Here the classified feed, 90 % finer than 0.150 mm, is sent directly to the Reflux Classifier, leading immediately to a high-grade concentrate at high solids concentration. Part I describes the findings from a comprehensive series of experiments covering the effects of bed density set point, feed pulp density, throughput, fluidisation water rate and lamella channel spacing. The main program, based on an ore with 8 % goethite and 45 % hematite, achieved a feed upgrade from 37 % to 65.6+/− 0.4 % iron and iron recovery of 72.9+/− 0.4 % at 9 t/m2/h. A second feed with 1 % goethite and 57 % hematite was upgraded from 41 % to 66.3+/− 0.4 % iron at an iron recovery of 84.7+/− 0.5 % at 10 t/m2/h. (The grade of pure hematite is 69.9 % iron). It was essential to run the Reflux Classifier at a sufficient volumetric rate to achieve shear induced inertial lift of the coarse silica within the closely spaced inclined channels, to reject the gangue minerals from the high-grade product. The results demonstrate the technical feasibility of applying the Reflux Classifier to upgrade itabirite feeds
Between complete and personal networks : strategy for collecting cognitive data from key informants.
No full textEste trabajo propone una estrategia, denominada como Modelo de Redes Sociales Cognitivas (MRSC), para recolectar datos relacionales a partir de informantes-clave. Ofrecemos una solución para la doble problemática de, por un lado, definir los límites de una red de interaciones y, por el otro, recolectar datos de una red completa basada en la percepción de informantes que son observadores privilegiados del proceso social en estudio. El proyecto fue implementado para diagnosticar la dinámica de las relaciones comunitarias en comunidades de pesquerías tradicionales, por encomienda de un proyecto de investigación-acción (PESCARTE), en el campo de la educación ambiental, en el litoral del estado de Rio de Janeiro (Brasil). La propuesta combina técnicas de recolección de datos de redes personales y de redes completas. Los instrumentos elaborados para la recogida de datos y los procedimientos utilizados para validar la estrategia son detallados. Artículo financiado por el Proyecto de Educación Ambiental (PEA) PESCARTE, iniciativa de mitigación exigida por la Licencia Federal Ambiental conducida por el Instituto Brasilero del Medio Ambiente y de los Recursos Naturales Renovables (IBAMA).This paper proposes a strategy, named as Model of Social Cognitive Networks, for collecting relational data from key informants. We offer a solution to the double problem of, on the one hand, defining the boundary of a network of interactions, and on the other hand, collecting data from a complete network based on the perception of informants who are privileged observers of the social process under study. The design was implemented as part of a diagnostic on the dynamics of community relations in traditional fishing communities, in the service of a research-action project (PESCARTE), in the field of environmental education, on the coast of the state of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). The proposal combines techniques for collecting data from personal networks and complete networks. The instruments elaborated for data collection and the procedures used to validate the strategy are detailed. Article financed by the Environmental Education Project (PEA) PESCARTE, a mitigation initiative required by the Federal Environmental License conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA)