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Green propolis : a review of pharmaceutical patents with potential therapeutic applications.
No full textGreen propolis is a resin produced from Baccharis dracunculifolia, which has as its main compounds flavonoids, derivatives of cinnamic acids, such as artepillin C and baccarin. This resin has antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. This review aimed to analyze pharmaceutical patents containing green propolis in various formulations. The search was conducted in the National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI), the Patent Search of Spain and Latin America (Latipat-Espacenet), the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), and Google Patents, with a combination of the keywords green propolis, green propolis extract, pharmacology, and pharmaceutical product. Primary research identified 60 patents, from which 22 were selected after applying the inclusion criteria. The selected patents referred to products with pharmacological activities, from cancer treatment to food supplements and included innovations for improved controlled release of the green propolis compounds. Most of the documents concerned the preparation and/or formulation of the green propolis extract, followed by innovative extraction methods, treatment and systemic use, and finally by topical use and quality control techniques and procedures. Thus, the reviewed patents of green propolis provided valuable insights into the pharmaceutical applications of green propolis, showing its potential in diverse formulations and treatments
Impact of loneliness on training gains with heart rate variability biofeedback in the elderly : a pilot study.
No full textThe negative impact of loneliness on the health of the elderly is particularly noticeable because of the effects of central control on the autonomic nervous system. Such an impact can be assessed through heart rate variability (HRV) analysis and can be modified using HRV biofeedback training. This study aimed to investigate the impact of different levels of social interaction reported by the elderly on HRV before and after training with HRV biofeedback and after a follow-up period. The participants of this pilot study comprised 16 elderly people of both sexes with a mean age of 71.20 ± 4.92 years. The participants were divided into two groups, the loneliness group (N = 8) and the no-loneliness group (N = 8), based on a combination of both criteria: the institutionalization condition (institutionalized or not) and the score on the loneliness scale (high or low). All participants had their HRV components recorded at baseline, after 14 training sessions with HRV biofeedback (three times a week, 15 min each for 4.5 weeks), and after 4.5 weeks of follow-up without training. After HRV biofeedback training, HRV components increased in both groups. However, the gains lasted at follow-up only in the no-loneliness group. In conclusion, loneliness can influence the maintenance of HRV after interruption of training with HRV biofeedback in the elderly. HRV biofeedback training can be an innovative and effective tool for complementary treatment of elderly individuals, but its effects on lonely elderly individuals need to be further investigated
Uso de suplementação com farinha de invertebrado (FI) em indivíduos jovens : avaliação da recuperação muscular, de parâmetros bioquímicos e fisiológicos associados ao desempenho físico.
No full textAutorização concedida ao Repositório Institucional da UFOP pelo(a) autor(a) em 03/09/2024 com as seguintes condições: disponível sob Licença Creative Commons 4.0 que permite copiar, distribuir e transmitir o trabalho, desde que sejam citados o autor e o licenciante. Não permite o uso para fins comerciais nem a adaptação.O esgotamento dos recursos naturais é relevante dado o aumento da demanda decorrente
do grande crescimento populacional. A busca por soluções viáveis tem sido foco de
organizações alimentares e ambientais em todo mundo. Este trabalho visou avaliar o
efeito da suplementação com farinha de invertebrado (FI) na recuperação muscular em
parâmetros bioquímicos de indivíduos praticantes de atividade física submetidos a
exercícios de força. No estudo crossover randomizado e duplo cego, jovens do sexo
masculino (entre 18 e 35 anos), foram divididos em duas condições: FASE NÃO
ENTOMOFAGICA e FASE ENTOMOFAGICA. Inicialmente a FI foi testada para sua
qualidade nutricional e microbiológica. A condição FASE ENTOMOFAGICA recebeu
suplemento alimentar de FI durante sete dias, sendo quatro dias prévios à realização do
exercício de força. Ambas condições foram submetidas ao exercício de força excêntrica,
com posteriores avaliações da recuperação muscular em 24, 48 e 72h. A FI mostrou-se
adequada quanto ao teor proteico e a qualidade microbiológica. Os dados de intensidade
do esforço e o número de repetições realizadas durante o protocolo de exercício de força
com ações musculares excêntricas foram semelhantes em ambas condições. Assim como
a potência, a percepção subjetiva de esforço e comparação da intensidade de dor. No
entanto, o salto de contra - movimento na condição FASE ENTOMOFAGICA (29,57:
26,10~36,57cm p<0,05) teve maiores valores em relação à fase basal (27,03:
24,33~33,37cm). Os dados de creatinoquinase e desidrogenase láctica, sugerem que o
protocolo utilizado para gerar danos musculares leves foi efetivo. Observou-se o
comportamento de redução nos níveis de lipídeos circulantes na condição FASE
ENTOMOFAGICA. A suplementação com 0,6g/kg/dia de FI integral por sete dias
consecutivos não causa alterações negativas nos marcadores da função hepática e renal.
Os resultados apontam ser seguro o uso nutricional da FI e sugere que as condições do
exercício físico impostas aos voluntários, independente da condição, têm a mesma
intensidade e esforço. Os resultados sugerem que a FI é um potencial suplemento para
praticantes de atividade física, pois contribui para o desempenho igualmente da dieta no
FASE NÃO ENTOMOFAGICA. Porém tem menor impacto ao meio ambiente e menor
custo de produção, além de proporcionar benefícios para a saúde cardiovascular. Ainda
são necessários mais estudos para a validação da FI como um suplemento nutricional.The depletion of natural resources is relevant given the increased demand resulting from
significant population growth. The search for viable solutions has been the focus of food
and environmental organizations worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of
invertebrate flour (IF) supplementation on muscle recovery using biochemical parameters
in individuals who engage in physical activity and were subjected to strength exercises. In
the randomized, double-blind crossover study, young males (aged between 18 and 35
years) were divided into two conditions: NON-ENTOMOPHAGIC PHASE and
ENTOMOPHAGIC PHASE. Initially, IF was tested for its nutritional and microbiological
quality. The ENTOMOPHAGIC PHASE condition received an IF dietary supplement for
seven days, with four days preceding the strength exercise. Both conditions were
subjected to eccentric strength exercises, with subsequent evaluations of muscle recovery
at 24, 48, and 72 hours. The IF was shown to be adequate in terms of protein content and
microbiological quality. The data on the intensity of effort and the number of repetitions
performed during the eccentric muscle actions strength exercise protocol were similar in
both conditions, as were power, subjective perception of effort, and pain intensity
comparison. However, the counter-movement jump in the ENTOMOPHAGIC PHASE
condition (29,57: 26,10~36,57cm p<0,05) showed higher values compared to the baseline
phase (27,03: 24,33~33,37cm). The data on creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase
suggest that the protocol used to generate mild muscle damage was effective. A reduction
in circulating lipid levels was observed in the ENTOMOPHAGIC PHASE condition.
Supplementation with 0.6 g/kg/day of whole IF for seven consecutive days did not cause
negative changes in liver and kidney function markers. The results indicate that the
nutritional use of IF is safe and suggest that the physical exercise conditions imposed on
the volunteers, regardless of the condition, have the same intensity and effort. The results
suggest that IF is a potential supplement for individuals engaged in physical activity, as it
contributes to performance similarly to the diet in the NON-ENTOMOPHAGIC PHASE.
However, it has a lower environmental impact and production cost, in addition to providing
benefits for cardiovascular health. Further studies are still needed to validate IF as a
nutritional supplement
Narrativas de mulheres lésbicas, bissexuais e homens trans sobre o acesso ao cuidado em saúde.
No full textIntrodução: A garantia do princípio da equidade supõe a compreensão de como a interação de
diversos marcadores sociais da diferença – tais como sexualidade, identidade de gênero, classe social,
raça/cor, etnia etc. – produz vulnerabilidades nos corpos. Esse fenômeno é evidente entre Lésbicas,
Gays, Bissexuais, Trans e Travestis (LGBT), que, frequentemente, se deparam com barreiras no acesso à
saúde. Objetivo: Conhecer trajetórias relacionadas à busca de cuidado por pessoas que se
autodeclaram como mulheres cisgêneras lésbicas, bissexuais ou como homens trans. Métodos:
Pesquisa qualitativa, usando entrevistas em profundidade, de forma a espelhar as subjetividades,
características e vivências de cada um(a) dos(as) participantes. As entrevistas foram analisadas a partir
da perspectiva da análise de conteúdo. Resultados: As narrativas revelam a inexistência de espaços
voltados para a escuta e aceitação da diferença, sendo comuns tratamentos violentos e inadequados,
que reforçam a estigmatização e a segregação de corpos que desafiam as normas de gênero e
sexualidade. Conclusões: A (cis)heteronormatividade alcança a formação dos profissionais de saúde e
se reflete em suas práticas, fazendo com que mulheres lésbicas, bissexuais e homens trans sejam
alijados do acesso ao cuidado. Tal constatação reforça a necessidade de fomentar processos de
educação em saúde que, para transformar essa realidade, estejam constantemente abertos à reflexão e à
criação de novas formas de atuar. Este texto é fruto do programa de pós-graduação stricto sensu
Mestrado Profissional em Saúde da Família (PROFSAÚDE).Introduction: Ensuring the principle of equity requires an understanding of how the interaction of
various social markers of difference - such as sexuality, gender identity, social class, race/color,
ethnicity, etc. - leads to vulnerabilities in different bodies. This phenomenon is evident within the
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, and Transvestite (LGBT) community, who often face barriers to
accessing healthcare. Objective: To learn more about the care-seeking trajectories of people who self-
identify as cisgender lesbian women, bisexual women, or transgender men. Methods: Qualitative
research using in-depth interviews to reflect the subjectivity, characteristics, and experiences of each of
the participants. Interviews were analyzed from a content analysis perspective. Results: The narratives
reveal that there is a lack of spaces aimed at listening to and accepting differences. Violent and
inappropriate treatment is widespread and reinforces the stigmatization and segregation of bodies that
challenge gender and sexuality norms. Conclusions: (Cis)heteronormativity impacts the training of
health professionals and is reflected in their practice, meaning that lesbian women, bisexual women,
and trans men are excluded from access to care. This finding reinforces the need to foster health
education processes that, in order to change this reality, are constantly open to reflection and the
creation of new possibilities for action. This text is the result of the stricto sensu postgraduate program
Professional Master's Degree in Family Health (PROFSAÚDE)
Neonatal overfeeding attenuates microgliosis and hippocampal damage in an infant rat model of pneumococcal meningitis.
No full textBackground: Pneumococcal meningitis (PM) triggers apoptotic neuronal and progenitor cell death in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG), resulting in subsequent cognitive impairment. Microglia play a crucial role in PM-induced hippocampal damage. While the lasting effects of neonatal nutrition on health are well documented, the influence of early-life overfeeding on the host response to neuroinfections remains uncertain. This study aimed to examine whether neonatal overfeeding affects the outcome of PM in the hippocampus (HC).
Material and methods: Overfeeding was induced by adjusting litter size immediately after birth. On the eleventh day of life, rats were intracisternally injected with Streptococcus pneumoniae or saline, followed by euthanasia after 24 hours for brain dissection. Histological analysis evaluated apoptosis in the DG and the extent of inflammatory infiltrate in the hippocampal fissure, while microgliosis was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The hippocampal transcriptome was analyzed using RNAseq, and the mRNA levels of specific inflammatory biomarkers were evaluated via RT-qPCR.
Results: Overfed rats exhibited 40.5% greater body mass compared to their normal-fed counterparts. Intriguingly, PM-induced apoptosis in the DG was 50% lower in overfed rats. This effect was accompanied by significant alterations in the hippocampal transcriptional profile, particularly the lack of activation of the Programmed cell death pathway in overfed infected animals. RT-qPCR analysis of Aif1 and examination of Iba1-immunostained cells revealed mild microgliosis in the HC of infected-overfed animals. This reduced microglial reaction may be attributed to the diminished activation of interferon signaling pathways, as disclosed by the transcriptome analysis, potentially preventing microglial priming. Additionally, evidence of reduced neuroinflammation in overfed rats with PM was observed through the milder activation of pathways associated with Toll-like receptors, interleukins, and chemokine signaling. Furthermore, overfed animals exhibited increased transcription of proinflammatory Il6 and anti-inflammatory Il10 genes, with the latter showing higher expression even in the absence of PM, suggesting a priming effect of overfeeding on hippocampal immune cells.
Conclusion: This study sheds light on the complex interplay between early-life overfeeding, immune response, and neuroprotection in infant rats with PM. The findings demonstrate the neuroprotective impact of early-life overfeeding in the context of PM, linked to the modulation of microglial function
Technical and environmental assessment of tire powder injection as reducing fuel through blast furnace tuyeres.
No full textEste trabalho mostra o estudo viabilidade técnica e ambiental da utilização de pneu moído como combustível em altos-fornos. O pneu moído pode ser utilizado em substituição aos finos de carvão mineral e de finos de carvão vegetal em altos-fornos. A injeção através das ventaneiras contribui para geração de energia e geração de um gás para redução dos óxidos de ferro carregados nos altos-fornos. O pneu moído, quando é injetado nos altos-fornos, do ponto de vista ambiental contribui para diminuição dos pneus dispostos de forma inadequada. Uma das vantagens do uso do pneu moído é que como se trata de um resíduo, seu custo de aquisição e processamento é mais baixo que a obtenção do carvão pulverizado. Foi realizado um estudo comparativo entre o índice de combustão de pneus moídos com o de carvões pulverizados, utilizando o modelo físico de combustão de partículas, de elevado gradiente térmico, construído na Escola de Minas da Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP). Os resultados mostram uma boa combustibilidade do pneu moído, sendo obtidos através de um modelo de simulação que retrata condições semelhantes a que ocorre na região das ventaneiras dos altos-fornos.This paper shows the study of the utilization of tire as fuel to be employed into blast furnaces. This tire can substitute coal or even charcoal in the blast furnaces tuyeres. The injection into tuyeres, other than contribute for energy generation, can produce gas for metallic oxide reduction, the former charged into the blast furnace throat, thus contribution for using other forms of wastes. The tire, as powder, when to be injected into blast furnaces, contributes for an environmental employee of that waste, so as permit for obtaining a high value product. Then, one advantage of using such material is that it is waste and has lower cost for preparation. A comparative study of combustion index of pulverized tires and coals was studied. For this study are been utilized one physical model, with thermal gradient constructed at Escola de Minas UFOP. The results obtained have showed that the tires have good combustibility, this was obtained in a model that simulate the same conditions occurring in the blast furnaces tuyeres; these results include tires and mixtures of tires with coal or even with charcoal
Writing in speech and speech in writing : brief commentary on the poetics of Edimilson de Almeida Pereira and Ricardo Aleixo.
No full textEsse ensaio procura ler as poéticas de Edimilson de Almeida Pereira e de Ricardo Aleixo pela chave da vocalidade, enfatizando-se como o gesto de escrever a fala só se realiza por meio de procedimentos de defasagem. Para tanto, recorre-se aos desdobramentos do ensino de Lacan por Jacques-Allain Miller, para embasar os conceitos de voz e de pulsão, a marcarem os impasses na experiência de ser falante. Conclui-se que ambos os poetas se distanciam da prática em que o que se ouve é transposto para a escrita, ao proporem a desestabilização de cada inscrição em relação ao seu próprio campo.This essay aims to read the poetics of Edimilson de Almeida Pereira and Ricardo Aleixo through the lens of vocality, emphasizing how the gesture of writing speech can only be accomplished through a procedure of disparity. Towards this purpose, we resort to the developments of Lacan's teaching by Jacques-Allain Miller, to support the concepts of voice and pulse, which mark the impasses in the experience of being a speaker. We concluded that both poets distance themselves from a practice in which what is heard is simply transposed into writing, by proposing the destabilization of each inscription in relation to its own field
A cidade de Mariana e o ensino de história : leitura das paisagens urbanas na educação básica.
No full textPrograma de Pós-Graduação em História. Departamento de História, Instituto de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto.Esta dissertação parte da ideia de que as paisagens urbanas e a educação patrimonial podem ser importantes recursos pedagógicos para auxiliar o educador, principalmente no ensino de história. Através da metodologia da Observação Participante analisamos a prática desenvolvida pela autora como educadora patrimonial na cidade de Mariana, Minas Gerais. Com base em autores como Michel de Certeau, Pierre Nora e Aleida Assmann, a dissertação investiga a construção das paisagens como elementos da memória e cultura. Em diálogo com a geografia cultural e fenomenologia refletimos como as paisagens urbanas, com suas diversas camadas temporais, formadas a partir da influência da mineração, podem ser vivenciadas pelos estudantes com o objetivo de aprofundar a compreensão da história local e auxiliar na reflexão sobre as construções sociais e táticas dos seus habitantes.This dissertation is based on the idea that urban landscapes and heritage education can be important pedagogical resources to support educators, especially in teaching history. Through the methodology of Participant Observation, we analyze the practices developed by the author as a heritage educator in the city of Mariana, Minas Gerais. Drawing on authors such as Michel de Certeau, Pierre Nora, and Aleida Assmann, the dissertation investigates the construction of landscapes as elements of memory and culture. In dialogue with cultural geography and phenomenology, we reflect on how urban landscapes, with their various temporal layers shaped by the influence of mining, can be experienced by students to deepen their understanding of local history and aid in reflecting on the social constructions and tactics of the city's inhabitants
Aspects of writing and spelling acquisition by deaf students.
No full textEste estudo buscou identificar as dificuldades que aprendizes surdos enfrentam no processo de es- crita da língua portuguesa como segunda língua (L2), especialmente no que diz respeito às regras ortográficas, e propor uma categorização dos tipos de desvios ortográficos mais comuns, a fim de compreender possíveis hipóteses cosntruídas pelo aprendiz durante a escrita. Foi realizada uma análise de textos de 17 alunos surdos, do Ensino Fundamental II, e propostas três categorias para os desvios ortográficos na escrita: 1) Erros visuais; 2) Erros de influência articulatória; e 3) Erros de padrões ortográficos. Com base em estudos como os de Bélanger et al. (2012), Pinheiro; Rocha-Toffolo;Vilhena (2020) e Rocha-Toffolo (2022b), que destacam a importância de intervenções centradas na construção de uma base linguística sólida e no reconhecimento de palavras com ênfase na exploração de pistas ortográficas,sugere-se estratégias de ensino pautadas no ensino explícito da orto- grafia, mediado pela língua de sinais e com uso de metodologias visuais, direcionado para determinados padrões e estruturas da língua, de forma que o aluno volte a atenção para detalhes de formas linguísticas presentes na L2, especialmente para aquelas que não foram adquiridas por falta de um input auditivo.This study aimed to identify the difficulties deaf leaners face in the process of writing Portuguese as a second language (L2), particularly with regard to orthographic rules, and to propose a categorization of the most common types of orthographic deviations, in order to understand possible hypotheses constructed by the learner during writing. An analysis of texts from 17 deaf students in middle school, and three categories of orthographic deviations in writing were proposed:1) Visual errors; 2) Errors influenced by articulatory factors; and 3) Errors related to spelling patterns. Based on studies such as those by Bélanger et al. (2012), Pinheiro, Rocha-Toffolo, Vilhena (2020), and Rocha-Toffolo (2022b), which highlight the importance of interventions focused on building a solid linguistic foundation and on word recognition with an emphasis on the exploration of orthographic cues, teaching strategies are teaching strategies using explicit and systematic teaching practices of spelling, mediated by sign language and also using visual methodologies, targeting specific language patterns and structures in L2. This approach aims to direct students' attention to linguistic details present in the L2, especially those not acquired due to lack of auditory input
