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Progressive strength training can reverse sarcopenia stage in middle-aged and older adults regardless of their genetic profile.
No full textThe aim of this study was to verify the association of the ACTN3-R577X polymorphism with sarcopenia stage, according to the Revised European Consensus on the Definition and Diagnosis of Sarcopenia, in middle-aged and older adults, pre- and post- ST. In the 12-week longitudinal study, 71 middle-aged and older adults were evaluated; the participants were assigned to either control or intervention group. The intervention group underwent progressive ST three times a week. All participants underwent blood collection, DNA extraction, genotyping of the ACTN3-R577X polymorphism, anthropometric evaluations, and diagnostic tests for sarcopenia. The last two tests were repeated after 12 weeks. No association of the ACTN3-R577X polymorphism with sarcopenia stage was observed before and after 12 weeks. However, the intervention group remained non-sarcopenic (n = 25, p <0.05) or achieved changes in sarcopenia stage (from sarcopenic to non-sarcopenic) (n = 13, p <0.05). Our study demonstrates that progressive ST performed regularly can reverse or prevent sarcopenia regardless of genotype for the ACTN3-R577X polymorphism
The role of interaction between vitamin D and VDR FokI gene polymorphism (rs2228570) in sleep quality of adults.
No full textTo evaluate association of vitamin D with sleep quality in adults and the influence of VDR-gene polymorphism FokI (rs2228570;A > G). Cross-sectional population-based study in adults, conducted in Brazil. The outcome was sleep-quality, evaluated by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Vitamin D was determined by indirect electrochemiluminescence and classified as deficiency (VDD), 25(OH)D < 20 ng/ mL in a healthy population or 25(OH)D < 30 ng/mL for groups at risk for VDD. FokI polymorphism in the VDR-gene was genotyped by qPCR and classified as homozygous wild (FF or AA), heterozygous (Ff or AG), or homozygous mutant (ff or GG). Multivariate logistic analysis was used to estimate the association between vitamin D and FokI polymorphism with sleep-quality. In a total of 1674 individuals evaluated, 53.6% had poor-sleep-quality, 31.5% had VDD, and the genotype frequency of the FokI polymorphism was 9.9% FF, 44.6% Ff, and 45.5% ff. In multivariate analysis, individuals with VDD had 1.51 times the chance of poor-sleep-quality, and individuals with the ff genotype had 1.49 times the chance of poor-sleep-quality (OR:1.49;95%CI:1.05–2.12) when compared to individuals with the FF or Ff genotype. In the combined analysis, individuals with VDD and ff genotype had more chance of poor-sleep-quality than individuals with sufficient vitamin D and genotype Ff or FF (OR:2.19;95%CI:1.27–3.76). Our data suggest that VDD and VDR FokI gene polymorphism are associated with poor-sleep-quality, and combining the two factors increases the chance of poor-sleepquality compared to separate groups
Controle de nível de interface e da concentração de sólidos na descarga de espessadores utilizando sistema especialista.
No full textPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Instrumentação, Controle e Automação de Processos de Mineração. Departamento de Engenharia de Controle e Automação, Escola de Minas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto.O tratamento de minérios realizado no Brasil é predominantemente a úmido. No entanto, com
a crescente escassez de água e as mudanças de paradigmas devido aos problemas oriundos
das barragens, torna-se cada vez mais imperativa a melhora nos processos de desaguamento do
produto e do rejeito que são, principalmente, realizados por um equipamento chamado espessador.
O controle das variáveis de processo desse equipamento torna-se fundamental para aumentar
sua eficiência. Visto que o processo possui características de difícil controle, existe uma grande
deficiência de bons sistemas aplicados a ele. Este trabalho visa cobrir essa lacuna empregando
um conjunto de técnicas de controle, bem conhecidas e estabelecidas na literatura, o controle
preditivo por modelo (MPC, do inglês Model Predictive Control) adaptativo, o Controle por
Lógica Difusa (FLC, do inglês Fuzzy Logic Control) e a técnica de controle avançado chamada
Sistemas de Controle Especialistas (ESC, do inglês Expert Systems Control). Mostra-se que,
utilizando essas técnicas, é possível obter resultados positivos na melhora do funcionamento dos
espessadores, podendo assim, reduzir o consumo de água na produção mineral com o aumento
do reaproveitamento das águas de processos.Ore treatment carried out in Brazil is predominantly wet. However, with the growing scarcity of
water and the changes in paradigms due to problems arising from dams, it becomes increasingly
imperative to improve the dewatering processes of the product and the waste, which are mainly
carried out by an equipment called thickener. The control of the process variables of this
equipment becomes fundamental to increase its efficiency. Since this process has characteristics
that are difficult to control, there is a great deficiency of good systems applied to them. This
work seeks to cover this gap by presenting a set of control techniques, already well known
and well established in the literature, the adaptive Model Predictive Control (MPC), the Fuzzy
Logic Control (FLC) and together with another advanced control technique called Expert System
Control (ESC). It is shown that, using these techniques, it is possible to obtain positive results in
improving the functioning of thickeners, thus being able to reduce water consumption in mineral
production by increasing the reuse of process waters.
Promessas de liberdade : ações cíveis e emancipação de escravizados em Diamantina (1871-1888).
No full textPrograma de Pós-Graduação em História. Departamento de História, Instituto de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto.O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar de que forma o Poder Judiciário
diamantinense recebia e tramitava ações de liberdade impetradas por escravizados
no período de 1871 a 1888, período, bem como analisar de que modo o debate
sobre a temática era levado ao público através da imprensa diamantinense. Buscar-
se-á mapear quais eram as justificativas apresentadas pelos cativos ao acessarem a
justiça, a fim de se libertarem do cativeiro, e ainda como o sistema jurídico local
recebia e lidava com estas demandas nos anos finais da escravidão. A partir de
análise documental e bibliográfica, pretende-se explorar as possibilidades de
emancipação de escravizados por meio das vias judiciais e os argumentos utilizados
nas ações, além de compreender de que modo o debate sobre a emancipação de
escravizados estava disposto no cenário político e na perspectiva de jornais de
caráter republicano em Diamantina.The aim of this paper is to analyze how the Judiciary in Diamantina received and
processed freedom suits filed by enslaved people between 1871 and 1888, as well
as how the debate on the subject was brought to the public through the Diamantina
press. The aim is to map out the justifications given by the captives when they went
to the courts in order to free themselves from captivity, and also how the local legal
system received and dealt with these demands in the final years of slavery. Based on
documentary and bibliographical analysis, the aim is to explore the possibilities of
emancipating enslaved people through the courts and the arguments used in the
lawsuits, as well as to understand how the debate on the emancipation of enslaved
people was arranged in the political scenario and from the perspective of republican
newspapers in Diamantina
Functional autoantibodies against G protein-coupled receptors in hepatic and pulmonary hypertensions in human schistosomiasis.
No full textIntroduction: Schistosomiasis (SM) is a parasitic disease caused by Schistosoma mansoni. SM causes chronic inflammation induced by parasitic eggs, with collagen/fibrosis deposition in the granuloma process in the liver, spleen, central nervous system, kidneys, and lungs. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a clinical manifestation characterized by high pressure in the pulmonary circulation and right ventricular overload. This study investigated the production of functional autoantibodies (fAABs) against the second loop of the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) in the presence of hepatic and PAH forms of human SM.
Methods: Uninfected and infected individuals presenting acute and chronic manifestations (e.g., hepatointestinal, hepato-splenic without PAH, and hepato-splenic with PAH) of SM were clinically evaluated and their blood was collected to identify fAABs/GPCRs capable of recognizing endothelin 1, angiotensin II, and a-1 adrenergic receptor. Human serum was analyzed in rat cardiomyocytes cultured in the presence of the receptor antagonists urapidil, losartan, and BQ123.
Results: The fAABs/GPCRs from chronic hepatic and PAH SM individuals, but not from acute SM individuals, recognized the three receptors. In the presence of the antagonists, there was a reduction in beating rate changes in cultured cardiomyocytes. In addition, binding sites on the extracellular domain functionality of fAABs were identified, and IgG1 and/or IgG3 antibodies were found to be related to fAABs.
Conclusion: Our data suggest that fAABs against GPCR play an essential role in vascular activity in chronic SM (hepatic and PAH) and might be involved in the development of hypertensive forms of SM
Avaliação da qualidade da água de nascentes em Paracatu de Baixo, após rompimento da barragem de Fundão.
No full textThe collapse of the Fundão Dam in Mariana municipality (MG, Brazil), in 2015, resulted in approximately 60 million cubic meters of iron ore tailings being directly released into the Doce River watershed. Although it is presumed that the dam sludge is primarily composed of Si, Fe, and Mn, the accident occurred in an area with a geochemical source of arsenic, an anthropogenic source of mercury, and contaminated by other potentially toxic metals and metalloids (also with geochemical and anthropogenic sources); their mobilization along the river course is therefore highly probable. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the water of Paracatu de Baixo, a sub-district of Mariana that was devastated by the Fundão Dam sludge, to evaluate the influence of sludge dust on the spring waters used by the few remaining residents who use this water for consumption and for irrigating vegetables they consume and sell. In this study, samples of rainwater and spring water were collected during both the rainy and sunny seasons in different locations in Paracatu de Baixo. On both dates, the physicochemical parameters studied (pH, turbidity, conductivity, hardness, nitrate, nitrite, total solids, and dissolved oxygen) were within the limits allowed by Resolution 357/05 of CONAMA and Portaria 1469. Ba, Cu, Zn, Al, Fe, and Mn metals were determined in the samples, but only the Al and Fe elements exceed the value recommended by the Brazilian legislation. Several of the metals found showed higher concentrations during the rainy season, which indicates that they are becoming available due to lithological issues rather than being caused by sludge dust
Institutional shelter : the social experiences of educators and adolescents.
No full textEste artigo analisa vivências de adolescentes e educadores em uma instituição de acolhimento, tendo como referência a noção de experiência social de François Dubet. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida com aplicação de entrevistas semiestruturadas a adolescentes e educadores, pesquisa documental, além de questionário respondido pela psicóloga da unidade de acolhimento. Os resultados mostram sujeitos dando sentido às experiências vividas e à capacidade de dominar suas próprias vidas, sujeitos da experiência que se constituem por meio das referências culturais, na e pela atividade sobre si mesmo. A institucionalização dos adolescentes, a despeito da sua tarefa de proteção dos direitos das crianças e adolescentes contribui para reproduzir e/ou potencializar as desigualdades sociais vivenciadas e faz com que os adolescentes desapareçam (em parte) e sejam atravessados por múltiplos processos de exclusão social.This article analyses the experiences of adolescents and educators in a shelter institution using François Dubet’s notion of social experience as its reference. The research was conducted using semi-structured interviews with adolescents and educators, documentary research, and a questionnaire answered by the shelter unit’s psychologist. The results show subjects giving meaning to their lived experiences and the ability to master their own lives. They are subjects of experiences constituted through cultural references, in and through activities regarding themselves. The institutionalisation of adolescents, despite is goal being to protect the rights of children and adolescents, contributes to reproducing and/or enhancing the social inequalities experienced and causes adolescents to disappear (in part) and to be affected by multiple processes of social exclusion
Instituição escolar e educação feminina católica : Colégio Normal Nazareth no Vale do Jequitinhonha (1926 a 1931).
No full textPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Educação. Departamento de Educação, Instituto de Ciências Humanas Sociais, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto.Este estudo investiga a formação de professoras normalistas no Colégio Nazareth em Araçuaí,
Minas Gerais, no Vale do Jequitinhonha, durante o início do século XX. Fundado pela
Congregação das Irmãs Franciscanas Penitentes Recoletinas de Oirschot, o colégio
desempenha um papel crucial na educação feminina católica da região. A pesquisa abrange o
contexto político e eclesiástico da época, a legislação que regia as escolas normais e o impacto
da educação feminina na sociedade local. Utilizando uma metodologia que inclui revisão de
literatura, análise documental e estudo de caso, a pesquisa revela como a instituição respondeu
à necessidade de formação de professoras para suprir a demanda educacional da região. A
revisão de literatura oferece uma compreensão ampla do cenário educacional e religioso,
destacando os desafios e avanços na formação de professoras. A análise documental inclui a
investigação de arquivos históricos, leis educacionais e registros escolares, proporcionando
uma visão detalhada das práticas e políticas adotadas pelo colégio, levando em consideração
as determinações educacionais vigentes. O estudo de caso do Colégio Nazareth permite uma
análise profunda de sua estrutura, funcionamento e impacto na comunidade local. O trabalho
destaca a importância regional do Colégio Nazareth, sua cultura escolar e a trajetória de suas
normalistas, evidenciando a contribuição da educação católica na formação docente no Vale
do Jequitinhonha. A cultura escolar do colégio é caracterizada por um rigor disciplinar e uma
formação moral e religiosa intensiva, refletindo os valores da Congregação das Irmãs
Franciscanas. A trajetória das normalistas é marcada por um comprometimento com a
educação e a transformação social, muitas vezes enfrentando adversidades para alcançar seus
objetivos. Em conclusão, a dissertação demonstra que o Colégio Nazareth desempenhou um
papel fundamental na formação de professoras na região do Vale do Jequitinhonha,
contribuindo significativamente para a melhoria da educação local. A formação oferecida pelo
colégio não só atendeu às necessidades educacionais da época, mas também promoveu a
emancipação e o empoderamento das mulheres, inserindo-as em um contexto de maior
participação social e profissional. Este estudo, portanto, enfatiza a importância histórica e
educacional do Colégio Nazareth para o desenvolvimento da região.This study investigates the training of female teachers at Nazareth College in Araçuaí, Minas
Gerais, in the Jequitinhonha Valley, during the early 20th century. Founded by the
Congregation of the Franciscan Penitent Recollect Sisters of Oirschot, the school played a
crucial role in Catholic female education in the region. The research covers the political and
ecclesiastical context of the time, the legislation that governed normal schools, and the impact
of female education on local society. Using a methodology that includes a literature review,
documentary analysis, and a case study, the research reveals how the institution responded to
the need to train female teachers to meet the educational demand in the region. The literature
review provides a broad understanding of the educational and religious landscape,
highlighting the challenges and advances in teacher training. The documentary analysis
includes the investigation of historical archives, educational laws, and school records,
providing a detailed view of the practices and policies adopted by the college, taking into
account the educational determinations in force at the time. The case study of Nazareth
College allows for an in-depth analysis of its structure, operation, and impact on the local
community. The work highlights the regional importance of Nazareth College, its school
culture, and the trajectory of its normalistas, emphasizing the contribution of Catholic
education to teacher training in the Jequitinhonha Valley. The school culture is characterized
by strict discipline and intensive moral and religious training, reflecting the values of the
Congregation of the Franciscan Sisters. The trajectory of the normalistas is marked by a
commitment to education and social transformation, often facing adversity to achieve their
goals. In conclusion, the dissertation shows that Nazareth College played a fundamental role
in training teachers in the Jequitinhonha Valley region, making a significant contribution to
improving local education. The training offered by the college not only met the educational
needs of the time but also promoted the emancipation and empowerment of women, placing
them in a context of greater social and professional participation. This study, therefore,
emphasizes the historical and educational importance of Nazareth College for the
development of the region
Exploring the effects of COVID-19-related traumatic events on the mental health of university students in Brazil : a cross-sectional investigation.
No full textUniversity students are vulnerable to mental health issues during their academic lives. During the COVID-19 pandemic, university students faced mental distress due to lockdowns and the transition to e-learning. However, it is not known whether these students were also affected specifically by COVID-19-related traumatic events. This study examined the impact of COVID-19-related traumatic events on 2277 university students from two federal institutions of higher education in Brazil. The university students completed an online questionnaire covering demographics, lifestyle habits, health characteristics, COVID-19-related traumatic events, and depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. The results showed that an increased intensity of COVID-19-related traumatic events was positively associated with stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms, and each specific type of event was associated with these symptoms. In addition, we found a negative association between these symptoms and male sex and age and a positive association with having or having had a history of cardiovascular, respiratory, neurological, or mental disorders or another disease diagnosed by a physician. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the heightened risk of mental health issues in university students in the face of COVID-19-related traumatic events. Women, young people and people who have or have had a history of disease were the most vulnerable to mental health issues during the COVID-19 pandemic
Família e dinâmicas de violência em dois romances irlandeses contemporâneos : O encontro (2008) de Anne Enright e O milagre (2018) de Emma Donoghue.
No full textPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Letras. Departamento de Letras, Instituto de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto.Esta dissertação de mestrado tem como objetivo explorar e analisar as representações das
relações familiares afetadas por situações de violência. Foram selecionadas duas obras
literárias escritas por autoras irlandesas: O encontro (2008) de Anne Enright e O milagre
(2018) de Emma Donoghue. As obras ilustram épocas distintas e demonstrar as dinâmicas
interacionais que se adaptam às transformações sociais. Mudanças que acompanham os
impactos da brutalidade e as diferentes formas pelas quais os sujeitos lidam com a
agressão proveniente de um ambiente percebido como um lugar de violência. Ao avaliar
a incidência de violência em ambientes íntimos e privados, podemos afirmar que se trata
de circunstâncias ocultas. Conforme representados nos livros, é possível identificar com
clareza como o sentimento de culpa pode ser transferido para a vítima. Gerando um ciclo
em que o trauma se repete, isso contribui para a representação de uma vítima desprezada
que não se reconhece assim. E um trauma não assimilado resulta em uma vítima que não
consegue elaborar sua dor e seu trauma, e o processo contínuo de superar é impedido;
suas vozes são silenciadas por suas dores. As narradoras reencenam e preenchem os
vazios das histórias de indivíduos injuriados. As consequências dos traumas afetam tanto
as vítimas quanto aqueles que reconhecem seu sofrimento, a curto e longo prazo. A
memória e o testemunho podem manifestar a sua importância no trauma de um indivíduo
de maneira distinta. Veronica sente o ímpeto de reencenar e completar as lacunas de sua
história passada ao lado de seu irmão, compreender o passado é entender o trauma e sua
motivação para ter se matado, representa também a importância de reconstituir o passado
para superá-lo. Anna, pela narração de Lib, demonstra enquanto criança, não possui
conhecimento e nem acolhimento suficiente para compreender sua experiência como um
ato de brutalidade cometido por seu próprio irmão. Ambas as vítimas possuem além da
experiência de agressão, uma propensão a episódios de automutilação, que também são
manifestos de forma única, refletindo o contexto social, geográfico e cultural que estão
inseridos. As formas com que a família pode ser perpetradora de circunstâncias brutais e
como isso se relaciona à realidade da Irlanda, em que houve uma epidemia de escândalos
sexuais com sujeitos menores de idade. A discussão é tecida ao considerar as singulares
tradições e peculiaridades da sociedade irlandesa. Construindo o texto a partir de teorias
de especialistas nas áreas discutidas, foram utilizados os conceitos dos seguintes
pesquisadores: Caruth (1996), Harte (2013) e Costello-Sullivan (2018), García Gutiérrez
(2008), Halbwachs (1990), Roudinesco (2013) e Giddens (1993), dentre vários outros
pesquisadores que colaboraram com a discussão apresentada neste texto.This master's dissertation aims to explore and analyze the representations of family
relationships affected by situations of violence. Two literary works written by Irish
authors were selected: The Gathering (2008) by Anne Enright and The Wonder (2018) by
Emma Donoghue. The works illustrate different eras and demonstrate the interactional
dynamics that adapt to social transformations. Changes that accompany the impacts of
brutality and the different ways in which subjects deal with aggression coming from an
environment perceived as a place of violence. When evaluating the incidence of violence
in intimate and private environments, we can affirm that these are hidden circumstances.
As represented in the books, it is possible to clearly identify how the feeling of guilt can
be transferred to the victim. Generating a cycle in which the trauma is repeated, this
contributes to the representation of a despised victim who does not recognize herself as
such. And an unassimilated trauma results in a victim who is unable to process their pain
and trauma, and the ongoing process of overcoming is impeded; Their voices are silenced
by their pains. The narrators re-enact and fill in the blanks in the stories of injured
individuals. The consequences of trauma affect both victims and those who recognize
their suffering, in the short and long term. Memory and testimony can manifest their
importance in an individual's trauma in different ways. Veronica feels the urge to reenact
and fill in the gaps in her past history alongside her brother. Understanding the past means
understanding the trauma and her motivation for killing herself. It also represents the
importance of reconstructing the past to overcome it. Anna, through Lib's narration,
demonstrates as a child that she does not have enough knowledge or support to understand
her experience as an act of brutality committed by her own brother. Both victims, in
addition to the experience of aggression, have a propensity for episodes of self-mutilation,
which are also manifested in a unique way, reflecting the social, geographic and cultural
context in which they are inserted. The ways in which the family can be perpetrators of
brutal circumstances and how this relates to the reality in Ireland, where there has been
an epidemic of sexual scandals involving underage subjects. The discussion is woven by
considering the unique traditions and peculiarities of Irish society. Building the text based
on theories from experts in the areas discussed, the concepts of the following researchers
were used: Caruth (1996), Harte (2013) and Costello-Sullivan (2018), García Gutiérrez
(2008), Halbwachs (1990), Roudinesco (2013) and Giddens (1993), among several other
researchers who collaborated with the discussion presented in this text