Jurnal Teknik Mesin
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RANCANG BANGUN ARM ROBOT PENYUAP MAKANAN UNTUK PENYANDANG DISABILITAS TUNA DAKSA
No full textDi era revolusi industri 4.0 ini manusia banyak menggunakan teknologi robot, tidak hanya di bidang industri, robot juga digunakan pada bidang kesehatan, sehingga robot memiliki peranan penting dalam kehidupan, salah satunya adalah arm robot yang menyerupai lengan pada manusia dan juga dapat melakukan pekerjaan layaknya manusia. Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, aktifitas yang tidak pernah tertinggal adalah aktifitas makan, yang dimana makan merupakan kebutuhan pokok bagi makhluk hidup, Dan untuk melakukan aktifitas ini yang paling kesulitan adalah para penyandang disabilitas tuna daksa tangan, di karenakan mereka tidak memiliki tangan untuk makan menggunakan tangan sendiri. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk membantu disabilitas tuna daksa tangan agar bisa makan secara mandiri. Sehingga pada penelitian ini akan membahas mengenai rancang bangun arm robot 5 DOF yang didesain dengan software Solidwork 2017 dan di cetak dimesin 3D Printer mengunakan material Plastik Jenis PLA (Polylactic Acid), pemograman menggunakan software Arduino IDE dengan metode teaching pendant. Arm robot terdiri atas mikrokontroler Arduino Uno dengan penggerak yang digunakan adalah motor servo MG995. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengujian untuk menyuapkan makanan dan melihat sejauh mana arm robot mampu melakukan pekerjaannya. Dari hasil pengujian di dapatkan beberapa kondisi yaitu: kondisi posisi semula pada derajat Lengan 1 = 00, Lengan 2 = 1800, Lengan 3 = 00, Lengan 4 = 1380, dan Lengan 5 = 970, kondisiposisi mengambil makanan pada derajat Lengan 1 = 230, Lengan 2 = 910, Lengan 3 = 00, Lengan 4 = 130, dan Lengan 5 =970 , kondisi posisi mengantar makanan pada derajat Lengan 1 = 1170, Lengan 2 = 980, Lengan 3 = 830, Lengan 4 = 730,dan Lengan 5 = 160 dan kondisi posisi akhir pada derajat Lengan 1 = 00, Lengan 2 = 1800, Lengan 3 = 00, Lengan 4 = 1410, dan Lengan 5 = 970. Dari hasil pengujian arm robot dapat digunakan sebagai referensi dalam merancang bangun arm robot selanjutnya
Kaji Eksperimental Sistem Recovery Gas Buang pada Motor Bakar Menggunakan Generator Termoelektrik (GT) dan Heat Pipe
Get PDFHeat recovery systems have been widely used in order to improve the efficiency of engines (e.g Internal Combustion (IC) engines, air conditioning systems and other mechanical devices). A heat recovery system works by extracting the waste heat of a mechanical device which subsquently converting heat to useful energy (e.g electrical energy). Currently, the efficiency of IC engine is relatively low ranges from 31 to 40%. It means around 60 to 69% of the energy is wasted mostly in the form of heat (dissipated through the cooling process and exhaust gas) and friction. This waste energy has the potential to be extracted into useful energy by the use of a heat recovery system. This study aims to investigate the effect of fin configuration on the performance of thermoelectric generator heat recovery system. Experimental study was carried out on the exhaust gas recovery system using thermoelectric generators and heat pipes. The heat pipes were used as a conductor of heat from the exhaust gas passage with a slope of 30 degrees. Thin aluminium plates were mounting in contact with the heat pipes serving as the heat spreader. The hot sides of thermoelectric generators were attached to the thin aluminium plates to absorb the exhaust gas heat transferred through the heat pipe. A cooling system consists of fins and fan was placed in contact with the cold side of thermoelectric generators to dissipate the heat to the atmosphere. In this study, four configurations of fins at the exhaust gas passage of the heat recovery device is examined including finless, circular fins, squere fins 90o, square fins 45o. Each configuration is tasted at five engines speeds namely 1500, 2000, 2500, 3000,and 3500 RPM. The results showed that the engine speed and fin configuration affect the performance of the thermoelectric generator. The best performance of recovery systems is generated by the 45 degree square fin configuration. In which, at an engine speed of 3500 RPM, the recovery system with 45 degree square fin generates 17.98 V of voltage, 205.6 mA of current, 3, 79 W of power, and 0.124% of efficiency. These results indicate that the thermal energy contained in the exhaust gas of the combustion engines can be potentially used as useful energy through the use of heat recovery system
Studi Uji Mekanik Material Komposit Batang Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq)
Get PDFThe need for building construction materials such as lightweight brick walls that are strong, environmentally friendly and inexpensive is the dream of every construction worker. This study aims to obtain the compressive and flexural strength values of the composite material of oil palm trunk fiber (elaeis guineensis jacq). The manufacture of this composite material uses a fiber-matrix ratio of 30:70 (%) with 2 (two) variations, namely 25:15:20:10 and 25:15:25:5 (%). The matrix consists of PCC cement, white cement, tapioca adhesive, PVAc adhesiveand water. The specimens were made cylindrical with a diameter of 100x200 mm in a number of 10 specimens according to SNI 1974: 2011 standards. From the tests carried out, the highest compressive strength value was 6.87 MPa. For the bendingtest, 10 specimens were tested according to the ASTM D143-94 standard. The value of the modulus of elasticity(MOE) is 5.088 MPa and the modulus of rupture (MOR) is 4.056 MPa. It can be concluded that the composite material of oil palm trunks can be used as decoration and building construction material
Performa Elektroda Referensi Solid Sekali-Pakai (Disposable Solid-State) Cu/CuSO4 Sebagai Pengganti Elektroda Referensi Komersial Ag/AgCl
Get PDFDalam pengukuran dan penaksiran korosi, elektroda referensi merupakan komponen utama. Sebelumnya, elektroda referensi yang digunakan adalah produk komersial yang harganya relatif mahal sehingga jarang digunakan sebagai elektroda referensi disposable yang ditanam langsung pada beton untuk memantau korosi. Namun, penelitian ini berfokus pada pengembangan elektroda referensi padat sekali-pakai (disposablesolid-state) Cu/CuSO4 sebagai alternatif yang lebih murah dan efektif untuk aplikasi pengukuran potensial korosi pada baja tulangan. Elektroda referensi padat sekali-pakai Cu/CuSO4 terdiri dari pipa teflon sebagai body, pelat tembaga sebagai konduktor, CuSO4 sebagai elektrolit, dan Larutan DOP + resin PVC + THF sebagaiporous plugelektroda. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan pengujian OCP selama 10 menit dan 10 kali pengulangan pada tiap 3 sampel elektroda referensi padat sekali-pakai Cu/CuSO4, serta uji kalibrasi dengan elektroda referensi Ag/AgCl komersial menggunakan metode voltametri. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa elektroda referensi padat sekali-pakai Cu/CuSO4 adalah stabil dan memiliki nilai galat relatif di bawah 3,3% setelah dikalibrasi dengan elektroda referensi Ag/AgCl komersial. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa elektroda referensi disposable solid-state Cu/CuSO4 dapat digunakan untuk keperluan penelitian dalam mengukur potensial korosi pada baja tulangan
Perencanaan Kereta Kabel Untuk Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit
Get PDFMakalah ini membahas perencanaan kereta kabel pengangkut kelapa sawit dalam perkebunan. Perencanaan meliputi bentuk, ukuran dan elemen mesin yang digunakan serta perhitungan gaya-gaya yang terlibat. Sistem kereta kabel secara keseluruhan terdiri dari kereta mesin, kereta operator dan kereta pengangkut. Kereta mesin berfungsi sebagai penarik keseluruhan rangkaian kereta, sementara kereta operator adalah kereta dimana operator duduk dan mengendalikan jalannya kereta, manakala buah kelapa sawit yang diangkut diletakkan dalam kereta pengankut. Kereta akan berjalan di dalam area kebun melewati kabel yang dipasang pada suatu tiang penyangga kabel. Penggunaan kereta ini akan meningkatkan efesiensi transportasi kelapa sawit, pupuk dan bahan-bahan lain di dalam kebun. Disamping itu juga akan menurunkan biaya karena kereta kabel tidak memerlukan jalan seperti kalau menggunakan truk atau traktor
Desain Sistem Kerja Bongkar Muat Menggunakan Metode Fisiologi dan Biomekanika pada Serikat Pekerja Seluruh Indonesia Kota Banda Aceh
No full textLoad loading activity is a work condition where heavyweight causes excessive energy on working position so that the potential of musculoskeletal complaints and early fatigue disorder occur. Early fatigue can possibly cause illness and accidents which lead to disability and perhaps death. This study aims to produce a supporting design tool for work on load loading activities based on biomechanics and physiology methods regarding workers of the Serikat Pekerja Seluruh Indonesia (SPSI) Banda Aceh, Indonesia. A normal lift restriction is provided by the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) consist of a range of aspects of biomechanics and physiology. Biomechanical limitations include the magnitude compression force at 3.4 kN (770 lbs) and physiological limitations include the energy expenditure to a maximum of 2.2 to 4.7 kcal/minutes. Steps and stages processes are taken in the physiology method begun by recording workers heart rate/pulse before work while working and at rest. The next stage was calculated workers energy expenditure, at the time before work it was at 2,815 kcal/minutes while working at 8.194 kcal/min, and while at rest it was at 5.58 kcal/min. The researcher also calculated the energy consumption of each worker in about 2,614 kcal/min. The measurement of biomechanics method is the measurement of the Recommended Weight Limit (RWL) origin and destination absence supporting tools, and then calculated the lifting index (LI) origin and destination value without supporting work tools. The LI origin was 2.9 and 2.3 to 2.6 destination. So according to LI criteria values were above 1 point which indicated that works were not safe and potentially could cause injury. The value of RWL origin and destination using supporting tools able to count the LI origin and destination value on the condition of using supporting tools, a value obtained was 0.825 LI origin and destination 0.38 to 0.44. It showed the workers were safely done. The conclusion of all stages test conducted in this study is to provide design support tools as a solution for load loading work which allows the slider conveyor concept to move materials from the place of its origin to its destination
Fiber Laser Cutting of AISI-304 Stainless Steel: An Experimental Study of the Influence of Process Parameters on Kerf Width and Cutting Edge Quality
Get PDFCutting with a laser beam is one of the more modern and precise cutting processes, and the cutting speed and precision are also very high. Inappropriate determination of cutting parameters during the laser cutting process is one of the most significant problems that can arise. This parameter mismatch results in a loss of cut surface quality that is difficult to recover. This decrease in quality is usually caused by problems with the appearance of dross and variations in the width of the surface kerf gap. This study aims to investigate the effect of laser cutting parameters such as cutting speed and nozzle diameter on cutting kerf gaps and cutting surface quality on AISI-304 stainless steel. Nine different sets of experiments were carried out according to a full factorial design of 32, two factors, and three levels each. By utilizing the analysis of variance and the substantial contribution of each parameter, the impact of processing factors on kerf width and surface quality is investigated. Based on the findings and results obtained, the cutting speed is the component that has the greatest impact both on the variation of the cutting kerf and the surface quality. Meanwhile, the diameter of the nozzle also plays an important role in determining how the gas flow changes in the process of forming the kerf gaps, which in turn determines the extent to which the laser cutting surface will appear drossy and form striations due to the molten metal flowing on its cutting surface
Pengaruh Ketebalan Spesimen Terhadap Kemampuan Menyerap Bunyi Pada Kombinasi Serat Sabut Kelapa (Cocofiber) dan Serat Ekor Kucing (Typha Latifolia)
Get PDFThis study aims to determine the effect of the thickness of the test specimen by combining coco fibers and typha latifolia fibers on the value of the sound absorption coefficient (SAC) and sound reduction coefficient (NRC). In this study, 3 test samples were made where each sample consisted of coconut coir fiber weighing 25 grams and cat tail fiber weighing 25 grams with a thickness of 10 mm, 20 mm and 30 mm, the samples were arranged in layers and then pressed on a hot press with temperature 200 C. The sound absorption coefficient test was carried out using an impedance tube with the transfer function method (ISO 10534-2:1998) at a frequency of 1/1 octave. The test results show that at a frequency of 125 Hz - 1000 Hz the value of the sound absorption coefficient increases with increasing frequency, the maximum sound absorption value of 0.684 occurs at a frequency of 1000 Hz at a thickness of 30 mm, followed by a thickness of 20 mm 0.6568 and 10 mm 0.6304, but at a frequency of 1000 Hz 4000 Hz the value of the sound absorption coefficient decreases to 0.61 The combination of the two fibers can reduce the noise level to 0.542 (54.2%) at a thickness of 10 mm, 0.565 (0.56.5 %) at 20 mm and 0.603 (60.3%) at 30 mm. It can be concluded that the thickness of the test sample can affect the sound absorption value, the thicker the test sample, the greater the ability to reduce noise
Pengembangan dan Penentuan Sifat Mekanik Komposit Poliester yang Diperkuat dengan Serat Bundung
Get PDFAbstrakThe aim of this study is to investigate the flexural, tensile and impact strength of polyester matrics composite reinforced with weed (Scirpus Grossus) fiber. In this study the composite materials have been made where using was Yukalac C-108 B type polyester resin and the fiber using was weed which was treated 4 hours immersion using 5% NaOH, then rinsed with clean water, then dried in the sun for 1 day. The composite was made by hand lay-up method, with the composition of fiber and resin used (95%: 5%, 95%: 5% and 15%: 85%). Samples and mechanical testing procedures, following the standard size and testing ASTM D638-I for tensile testing, ASTM D-790 for flexural testing, and ASTM D256 for impact testing. The results of this study indicate a maximum tensile stress value of 16, 672 MPa with a fiber content of 10%, and a maximum tensile strain value of 0.033, with a fiber content of 10%. the yield value at the maximum flexural strength is 70.6 MPa, with a fiber content of 10% continues to decrease until the lowest flexural strength value is 32.73 MPa, with a fiber content of 15%. the maximum impact strength is 11.46 J, with a fiber content of 15%, and the lowest impact strength value is 7.0315 J, with a fiber content of 5%
Penentuan Konduktivitas Termal Dan Akustikal Material Komposit Serat Batang Kelapa Sawit
Get PDFAimsof this study to obtain the value of the thermal conductivityand acoustical of the composite material of oil palm trunks (Elaeis guineensis Jacq), by utilizing waste oil palm trunks. Determination of the thermal conductivity value using the ASTM C177-92 test standard with the dimensions of the test specimen 250 x 250 (mm) and 15 mm thick, while the acoustic test refers to the ISO-354: 2003 standard with the dimensions of the test specimen 1000 x 1000 (mm) and a thickness of 15 mm. The ratio of fiber and matrix 30 : 70 (%) consists of three variations of the matrix. 23 : 23 : 24 : 23 (%); 30 : 20 : 20 : 30 (%) and 40 : 15 : 15 : 40 (%). From the test to determine the thermal conductivity value of the best oil palm trunk composite, it was obtained from sample 3 (three) with a value of (k) = 0.019 W/mC, while the lowest thermal conductivity value was obtained by sample 1 (one) with a thermal conductivity value of 0.015W/mC. In the acoustic test, the best sound absorption coefficient was obtained by pure oil palm trunk board with a sound absorption coefficient at a frequency of 4000 Hz = 0.45 at a frequency of 5000 Hz, = 0.47 and at a frequency of 6300 Hz, = 0.68. It can be concluded that this palm trunk board can be used as an acoustic material in a room for partitions and decorations and can also be used as an insulation material for relatively low temperatures