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長野県の歯科医療機関におけるフッ化物応用の実施状況について
Get PDFapplication/pdfIn the National health promotion movement in the 21^ century "Healthy JAPAN 21", there are specific goals for dental health involving fluoride application programs. To promote fluoride application programs, we conducted a questionnaire survey of dentists by mail. The study population included all 978 dentists belonging to the Nagano Dental Association. The response rate was 61.2% (599/978). Responses showed that 83.1% of dentists had adopted fluoride application program in their clinics. Although young dentists actively adopted the fluoride application program, older dentists showed decreasing rates of program adoption. There were many dentists who actively performed periodic dental health check among dentists who actively adopted the fluoride application program, while there were many dentists who did not perform routine checkups among dentists who did not adopt the fluoride application program. In other words, young dentists actively performed periodic dental health check, and actively adopted the fluoride application program. The execution rate of fluoride application was 62.9%, and fluoride mouth rinsing was 19.0%. Compared with the national values, the rate of fluoride application was lower. Because many dentists performed fluoride application only at the patient's request, promotion of the fluoride application program requires that knowledge and information about fluoride use be provided to both patients and dentists.journal articl
金属プロテアーゼの活性部位の構造 : 新奇な酵素活性部位を持つジペプチジルペプチダーゼⅢを中心に
Get PDFapplication/pdfAlmost metalloproteases contain a zinc atom in the active domain coordinating three amino acid residues on the protein and a single water molecule. Metalloproteases are classified into several groups according to the amino acid sequence of the catalytic domain. Dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP) III, which catalyzes the removal of unsubstituted, N-terminal dipeptide from peptides and β-naphthylamide derivatives, had been classified as a serine protease until the amino acid sequence of DPP III was determined. The presence of a similar HELLGH motif on DPP III as the zinc metalloprotease motif HEXXH raises the possibility that DPP III is a metalloprotease. By electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry, DPP III was demonstrated to contain one mol of zinc per mol of protein, and on zinc-binding study, the dissociation constant (K_d) of DPP III was detected to be (2.5±0.5)×10^ M. These findings show that DPP III is a mono zinc metalloprotease. Furthermore, mutagenesis experiments confirmed that residues His^, His^ and Glu^ on DPP III are involved in zinc coordination and catalytic activity, and that residue Glu^ is a third ligand of zinc atom. DPP III has been newly classified as a metalloprotease containing a novel zinc-binding domain "HELLGH motif". The three-dimensional structure of the catalytic domain and putative catalytic mechanism of DPP III are deduced from that of thermolysin proposed by Matthews along with these site-directed mutagenesis studies on DPP III.journal articl
健康寿命の延伸に寄与する咀嚼機能
Get PDFapplication/pdfOne of the main goals of dentistry is to preserve healthy masticatory function throughout life. Recent studies have shown that mastication is of great importance, not only for food intake but also for the systemic, mental and physical functions. The human masticatory apparatus is involved in various bodily functions such as chewing, swallowing, digestion, respiration, speech, non-verbal communication, and most likely interrelates with other systemic actions, including locomotion, blood circulation, excretion, endocrine function. Masticatory dysfunction may, therefore, cause disability in multiple mental and physical behavior or general health. Previous surveys conducted in Japan showed that that senior citizens who were able to chew with their own teeth could maintain daily life by themselves, whereas those without teeth or dentures had difficulty in managing daily living by themselves or were even bedridden. Furthermore, tests using experimental animals showed that stimulation induced by mastication affected satiety satisfaction by increasing nervous histamine from the satiety control center of the brain. This histamine release was also associated with better learning ability through masticatory stimulation of the chemical substance that controls memory. It was also suggested that mastication stimulates the brain and accelerates its energy-consuming metabolism. Taken together, these findings are strong indicators that oral health does not merely mean a condition without dental caries, periodontal diseases or malocclusion, but oral health should be reevaluated in connection with longer term active ageing.journal articl
