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麻酔と内分泌機能
Get PDFapplication/pdfEndocrine systems are affected by anesthetics or methods of anesthesia in different ways. An assessment of the effects on endocrine systems may be made by determination of the levels of their hormones in the plasma. In considering the effect of general anesthetic agents, many of the recent reports have showed that when administered alone, halothane, enflurane and isoflurane have little effect on the plasma cortisol levels or adrenal function, while the use of these anesthetics together with nitrous oxide produce an increase in the cortisol levels. Of the induction agents, both thiopentone and propofol produce a decrease in the cortisol levels. Under halothane anesthesia, the plasma ACTH exhibits episodic secretion concomitant with stressful conditions such as tracheal in-and-extubation or bleeding. The plasma cortisol and aldosterone levels change in parallel with ACTH levels under volatile anesthetics. The concentration of plasma aldosterone during anesthesia and surgery is perhaps regulated mainly by the plasma ACTH-cortisol levels. It was believed that catecholamine, released immediately after trauma, stimulated the hypotalamus which in turn triggered the release of ACTH from the anterior pituitary. However, it is now known that circulating cathecolamine does not increase ACTH secretion during anesthesia. While it had been thought in the past that halothane did not increase the plasma catecholamine and acted effectively under surgical stress, norepinephrine increase by inhalation of halothane, or the release of norepinephrine accelerated under endotracheal intubation by halothane, has been shown in recent clinical data. It has been obserred that Neuroleptanesthesia also does not alter the plasma hormones and fails to prevent the increased discomfort associated with surgical stimulus, but it has no relationship with either ACTH and cortisol. Of the induced hypotension anesthesias, the reactions at endocrine systems show some differences. With nitroprusside, there are no effects on the plasma renin activity, angiotensin, aldosterone, while catecholamines increase markedly, alonge with the increasing activity of the circulatory system after anesthesia. On the other hand, with nitroglycerine, ATP and PGE_1 most of the hormone levels do not significantly change through anesthosia. Therefore, hypotensive anesthesia using these drugs does not affect the endocrine function and sympatico-adrenomedudullary system. About atrial natriuretic peptide, there is little knowledge concerning anesthetic problems. In conclusion, the development of a new anesthetic method with no effect on endocrine systems is expected in future.journal articl
実験的全口蓋床装着者のアンケート調査表による検討 : 発音ならびに口腔感覚について
Get PDFapplication/pdfA typical clinical evaluation of an experimental palatal plate simulating the conditions of complete maxillary dentures was reviewed, and its influence on pronounciation and oral sentations was analyzed. It was concluded that: (1) most subjects had difficulty adjusting to their new oral environment; (2) the /k/ and /i/ sounds were felt most difficult to produce; (3) 80% of the subjects recognized the significance of the palatal rugae; (4) most subjects experienced a decreased sensitivity to hot and cold bevarages; (5) some subjects reported difficulty in chewing and swallowing.journal articl
周大成博士の中国口腔医学史略の和訳
Get PDFapplication/pdfDr. Zhou Dacheng is Professor of Stomatology at Beijing Capital Medical College and known as an authority of Chinese dental history. In 1980, he came to Japan and gave a special lecture entitled "Progress of dentistry in China-a short history" at the congress cosponsored by three Societies of Japan Medical, Dental and Pharmacological History at Tokyo. Recently, I recieved his article, "A short history of Chinese dentistry," contributed to the Chinese Stomatological Journal in 1985. Here I review this article, which organized very well a long period of Chinese dental history. It takes up chiefly dental writings in chronological order from the Yin dynasty to the present age, and contains the following. Medical organization in the Sui and Tang dynasty. Pulp devitalization and tooth restoration by medicaments in the Han, mottled enamel in the Wei. Operation of cleft lip in the Qin and Jin. Amalgam filling, reduction of luxation of temporomandibular joint, smoke therapy for toothache, and a wall painting on oral hygiene at Dunhuang in the Tang. Toothbrush made of fur in the Liao. Tooth replantation, prevention of caries by tea drinking, cautery hemostasis in the Song. Prevention of periodontal disease by salt in the Ming. Prosthetic restoration in the Qing. Chinese medicine unites with Western medicine in the present age.journal articl
吸水・急加熱による短時間鋳造法の研究 第2報 吸水量による表面粗さと適合度
Get PDFapplication/pdfThe five of us have investigated ways to shorten the time from investing through casting in the process of dental casting, and presented some of our findings a paper, "study on Shortening Casting Time through Hydrofilic and Quick Heat Up Procedures, Part 1: Casting method and its surface roughness and fitness accuracy," at the 8th Japan Dental Technology Society Convention. The shortened casting time method followed was to invest the wax pattern and leave it as usual for 30 minutes, then soak it in water while in the casting rings for 5 minutes. We then put the invested casting rings into a pre-heated casting furnace and (700・c for crystbalite investing material and 800・c for phosphate bonding material) for 30 minutes for mooring, after which we performed the casting. In subsequent exper iments with the shortened casting time method, we focused on the time of absorption and its effect on fitness accuracy of bridges, and obtained the following results: 1. With regard to water absorption for both crystbalite investing material and phosphate bonding investing material, There was little difference between 3 minutes and 5 minutes of soaking. 2. With regard to surface roughness, no difference was found to result from different amounts of absorption, and good values were obtained for both investments. 3. The best value with regard to fitness accuracy was measured for 3 minutes of absorption when a full crown and MOD inlay were put in crystbalite investing material. 4. With regard to fitness accuracy, both investments showed more desirable values with oval rings, which produced more uniform expansion, than with traditional cylindrical rings. The use of oval rings in both the shortened casting time mothed and the usual method showed the same values and we found the shortened cast time method is also fully suitable for bridges. 5. For both crystbalite investing material and phosphate bonding investing material, 3 minutes of soaking time produced good values. From the above results we conclude that in the shortened casting time method, 3 minutes of soaking is sufficent then performed 30 minutes after investment.journal articl