JURNAL PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN TROPIS
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HUBUNGAN UKURAN DAN KEMAMPUAN MUAT PERAHU KATIR DI KOTA BITUNG, SULAWESI UTARA
No full textPerahu katir (pumpboat) di kota Bitung, Sulawesi Utara, digunakan untuk penangkapan tuna dengan menggunakan alat tangkap tuna hand-line. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara ukuran utama perahu dan kapasitas muat (GT). Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap 92 sampel perahu katir yang tersebar di kota Bitung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hubungan antara ukuran utama perahu katir, Panjang (L) dan Lebar (B), mengikuti persamaan: B= 0,3584+0,0860L, dengan r=0,56; serta hubungan Panjang (L) dan Dalam (D) mengikuti D=0,1491+0,0775L, dengan r=0,64. Hubungan antara Panjang (L) dan kapasitas muat (GT) perahu katir mengikuti persamaan kuadrat GT=0,00887-0,1119(L)+0,03315(L2) dengan r=0,72. Kata kunci: katir, pumpboat, tonase kotor. Â Outrigger boat (pumpboat) in the city of Bitung, North Sulawesi are used on tuna fisheries using Tuna hand-line fishing gear. The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between the principle dimension and the loading capacity (GT). This research was conducted on 92 samples of outrigger boats around the city of Bitung. The results showed that the relation between the principle dimensions of outrigger boat was following the equation: B=0.3584+0.0860L, with r=0.56; and D=0.1491+0.0775L, with r=0.64. The relationship between the Length (L) and loading capacity (GT) of outrigger boat was following the quadratic equation that is GT=0.00887-0.1119(L)+0.03315(L2) with r=0.72. Keywords: outrigger, pumpboat, gross tonnage
INTRASPECIFIC VARIATION IN THE REPRODUCTIVE EFFORT AMONG THREE POPULATIONS OF AN INTERTIDAL GASTROPOD, Nerita japonica (Dunker)
No full textThe aim of the present research is to figure out the reproductive effort of Nerita japonica occurring in three different intertidal habitats of Amakusa Shimoshima Island, western Kyushu, Japan. Rocky shore population and other two stony shore populations (the upper stony shore and the lower stony shore) were described based on: (a) its mean mature gonad dry weight, (b) reproductive effort, and (c) the relationship between reproductive effort and body size. Data recorded in the period of spawning season. The results revealed that there were mean mature gonad dry weight and reproductive effort variations among three snail populations. Mean mature gonad dry weight and reproductive effort were larger for the Rocky shore population, intermediate for lower stone shore population, and smaller for the upper stone shore population. In one out of three populations, i.e., the upper stone shore population, reproductive effort of mature females increased significantly with an increase in body size. The data showed that reproductive effort is related to adult body size of N. japonica. There was an intraspecific variation in reproductive effort among three populations of N. japonica over even small geographic distances. Keywords: mature body size, mature gonad dry weight, reproductive effort, intraspecific variation, Nerita japonica. Â Variasi Indeks Kematangan Gonad Interspesies pada Tiga Populasi Gastropoda Intertidal, Nerita japonica (Dunder)) Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan indeks kematangan gonad dari gastropoda intertidal, Nerita japonica yang hidup di tiga habitat yang berbeda di Pulau Shimoshima Amakusa, Kyushu bagian barat, Jepang. Parameter yang diamati pada setiap populasi adalah: (a) nilai rata-rata berat kering gonad matang, (b) indeks kematangan gonad, dan (c) hubungan antara indeks kematangan gonad dan ukuran tubuh. Data dicatat pada periode musim pemijahan. Ketiga populasi memperlihatkan nilai rata-rata berat kering gonad yang matang dan indeks kematangan gonad yang berbeda. Populasi pantai berbatu memiliki nilai rata-rata berat kering matang gonad dan indeks kematangan gonad yang paling besar, diikuti oleh nilai dari populasi pantai berbatu bagian bawah dan populasi pantai berbatu bagian atas memiliki nilai yang paling kecil. Selanjutnya, satu dari tiga populasi, yaitu populasi pantai berbatu bagian atas memperlihatkan indeks kematangan gonad dari individu-individu betina N. japonica berhubungan dengan ukuran tubuhnya. Sekalipun indeks kematangan gonad dari individu-individu N. japonica meningkat secara signifikan dengan bertambahnya ukuran tubuh, namun terdapat variasi intraspesifik pada N. japonica dalam hal indeks kematangan gonad menurut habitat walaupun secara geografis berdekatan.Kata kunci: ukuran tubuh matang kelamin, berat kering gonad matang, indeks kematangan gonad, variasi intraspesifik, Nerita japonica
ANALISIS SPASIAL PERUBAHAN GARIS PANTAI DI PESISIR KABUPATEN SUBANG, JAWA BARAT
No full textPengamatan mengenai perubahan garis pantai di pesisir Kabupaten Subang, Jawa Barat telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan program Digital Shoreline Analysis System berdasarkan citra satelit Landsat TM dari tahun 1996–2010. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui besar perubahan garis pantai di Kabupaten Subang serta zonasi kawasan yang mengalami perubahan garis pantai tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah pemprosesan citra dan survey lapangan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari tahun 1996–2010 perairan pesisir Kabupaten Subang mengalami perubahan garis pantai oleh adanya akresi dan abrasi yang maksimalnya sejauh lebih dari 1 km. Hasil analisis regresi antara perubahan waktu dengan akresi serta abrasi memberikan nilai positif. Secara keseluruhan, lebih dari 50% panjang pesisir Kabupaten Subang dikategorikan dalam kerusakan yang parah. Perubahan garis pantai di Pesisir Kabupaten Subang terjadi terutama karena kegiatan pembangunan di sekitar pesisir seperti pembukaan lahan mangrove menjadi tambak dan sawah, pembangunan pemukiman, serta transpor sedimen dari sungai-sungai di kawasan pesisir Kabupaten Subang. Kata kunci: perubahan garis pantai, Kabupaten Subang, citra satelit, akresi, abrasi.  Observation of coastal shoreline changes in the Subang District was conducted using Digital Shoreline Analysis System Program based on the satellite images of Landsat TM from 1996 to 2010. The purpose of this study was to determine the distance of shoreline change and the zoning area in the Coastal of Subang District. Methods used in this study were images processing and field survey. The results of the study indicated the presence of shoreline changes which experienced maximum accretion and abrasion of more than 1 km between 1996 to 2010. The results of regression analysis between time and accretion as well as time and abrasion showed positive correlation. More than 50% the coastal area of Kabupaten Subang was in severely damaged conÂdition. Coastal shoreline change in Kabupaten Subang occurred mainly due to the developmental activities such as residential construction, coastal mangrove conversion to ponds and rice paddies and sediment transport from the river around Kabupaten Subang. Keywords: shoreline change, Subang District, satellite images, accretion, abrasion
COMMON GARDEN OF SEAGRASSES Halodule uninervis (Forsskål) Aschershon AND Halodule pinifolia (Miki) den Hartog
Get PDFA simple culture system ‘common garden’ has been set up in Institute of Environmental and Marine Science (IEMS) Dumaguete City Philippines (N 09° 19' 52.8" and E 123° 18' 34.1") at the running seawater outdoor experiment tank aimed to monitor the variation of shoot density, leaf morphology and growth rates of marine plant genus Halodule.  The mean shoot densities of Halodule pinifolia were varied and tend to decrease after the three month period of common garden.   Using one-way ANOVA tests, significant differences were detected on the comparison among the months of common garden (F=6.400; p=0.005), mean leaf growth rate (mm/day) of H. pinifolia (F=13.510; p=0.000), and the mean leaf widths from Siquijor (F=9.274; p=0.001) among the three month period of common garden. Meanwhile, there were no significant differences detected on leaf width (mm) of H. pinifolia origin from Bantayan site, on mean leaf widths of H. uninervis from Bantayan, on mean leaf widths of H. uninervis from Banilad, and on mean leaf growth rate (mm) of H. uninervis among the three month period of common garden. The result suggests that the ‘common garden’ procedure could have possibly given a clearer pattern of genus Halodule leaf width, shoot density, and growth rate if the could be prolonged.  It could also be suggested that an adequate number of shoot density on the initial procedure for ‘common garden’ should be properly determined.  This is to avoid overcrowding of the samples later, when growth rate will tend to increase without compromising the leaf width and shoot density measurements. Keywords: common garden, seagrasses, shoot density, leaf width, growth rate, Halodule pinifolia, Halodule uninervis.  Sistem kultur Common Garden sederhana telah dibangun di Institute of Environmental and Marine Science (IEMS) Dumaguete City Philippines (09° 19' 52,8" LU dan 123° 18' 34,1" BT) dalam tangki penelitian di luar ruangan untuk memantau variasi kepadatan tunas, morfologi daun dan laju pertumbuhan rumput laut genus Halodule.  Kepadatan tunas rata-rata Halodule pinifolia bervariasi dan cenderung menurun setelah periode tiga bulan. Menggunakan uji ANOVA satu arah, perbedaan nyata terdeteksi pada pembandingan bulan (F = 6.400, p = 0,005), rata-rata laju pertumbuhan daun (mm/hari) H. pinifolia (F = 13,510, p = 0,000), dan rata-rata lebar daun dari Siquijor (F = 9,274, p = 0,001) antara ketiga bulan common garden.  Sementara itu, tidak ada perbedaan nyata yang terdeteksi pada lebar daun (mm) H. pinifolia asal Bantayan, pada lebar daun rata-rata H. uninervis dari Bantayan, pada lebar daun rata-rata H. uninervis dari Banilad, dan laju pertumbuhan daun rata-rata (mm) dari H. uninervis dalam periode tiga bulan dari common garden. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa prosedur 'common garden' mungkin bisa memberikan pola yang lebih jelas tentang lebar daun, kepadatan tunas, dan laju pertumbuhan genus Halodule jika waktu bisa diperlama. Juga dapat disarankan bahwa kepadatan tunas pada prosedur awal common garden harus ditentukan dengan baik untuk menghindari kesesakan sampel di kemudian hari, karena laju pertumbuhan cenderung meningkat sehingga ukuran lebar daun dan kepadatan tunas tidak terpengaruhi. Kata kunci: common garden, lamun, kepadatan tunas, lebar daun, laju pertumbuhan, Halodule pinifolia, Halodule uninervis
EVALUASI EFEK KOMBINASI PAKAN DAN ESTRADIOL_17β TERHADAP PEMATANGAN GONAD IKAN LELE DUMBO (Clarias gariepinus)
No full textKeberhasilan reproduksi dan efisiensi waktu kersediaan benih merupakan hal yang penting dalam budidaya lele dumbo (Clarias gariepinus). Reproduksi ikan banyak ditentukan oleh nutrisi dan stimulasi dengan menggunakan hormon. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi efek pemberian pakan dengan komposisi nutrien berbeda dan penyuntikan hormon estradiol_17β dosis berbeda, terhadap pematangan gonad induk lele dumbo. Ada dua jenis pakan yang digunakan yaitu pakan Profish yang diramu oleh Balai Budidaya Air Tawar, Tatelu; dan pakan KRA sebagai pakan komersil untuk budidaya ikan kerapu. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perbedaan perlakuan memberikan pengaruh yang sangat nyata terhadap perbedaan lama waktu matang gonad induk ikan lele dumbo. Selanjutnya, hasil analisis pegaruh faktor jenis pakan terhadap lama waktu matang menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan jenis pakan memberikan pengaruh yang sangat nyata terhadap lama waktu matang induk lele dumbo. Hasil analisis pengaruh dosis hormon terhadap lama waktu matang gonad induk lele dumbo menunjukkan bahwa terdapat beda lama waktu matang yang sangat nyata antara induk ikan lele dumbo yang disuntik dengan dosis estradiol_17β yang berbeda. Sementara, hasil analisis interaksi antara faktor jenis pakan dan faktor dosis hormon menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh faktor jenis pakan terhadap lama waktu matang gonad induk lele dumbo, berubah secara signifikan, pada saat perubahan taraf faktor dosis hormon. Kata kunci: lele dumbo Clarias gariepinus, pakan, estradiol_17β, pematangan gonad  The success reproduction and time efficiency in producting seed are crucial in the culture of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Fish reproduction is greatly affected by nutrition and responded will to external hormonal introduction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of feeding with different nutrient composition and hormone injections estradiol_17β different doses, the parent gonad maturation African catfish. There are two types of feed used as feeds Profish concocted by the Balai Budidaya Air Tawar, Tatelu, and KRA as feed commercial feed for grouper. The results showed that the difference in treatment provides a significant influence on differences in the length of time the parent fish gonads mature African catfish. Furthermore, the results of factor analysis pegaruh diets for a long time is ripe suggests that differences in the type of feed is a very real influence on the length of time differences stem mature African catfish. The results of the analysis of the influence of the hormone dose to the gonads mature long stem African catfish showed that there are different length of time is a very real mature between African catfish parent fish were injected with different doses estradiol_17β. Meanwhile, the results of the analysis of the interaction between these factors and the type of feed-dose hormonal factors suggests that the influence of the type of feed for a long time holding the gonads mature African catfish, changed significantly, at a dose factor hormone level changes. Keywords: catfish Clarias gariepinus, diet, estradiol_17β, gonadal maturation
PERAN EKOLOGI BULU BABI DALAM KOMUNITAS RUMPUT LAUT DI PERAIRAN PESISIR KEMA KABUPATEN MINAHASA UTARA
Get PDFA study on the functional role of the sea urchin, Salmacis belli, on seagrass bed near the coast of Kema, North Minahasa Regency, was done by analyzing the gut contents, the food preference, and the feeding periodicity. Sea urchins and plants were collected from the seagrass bed by snorkeling along a 100 M transect line with 30 quadrates randomly placed. The feeding periodicity was determined from the gut index in 24 hours with 3 hour intervals. The results showed that the sea urchin S. belli fed mainly on seagrass Thallasia hemprichii, Enhalus acoroides and Halimeda opuntioa. The feeding periodicity data indicated that the sea urchins actively fed in the day. The grazing capacity of the sea urchin was not affected by their body size. In high density, sea urchins could potentially cause negative impact on the seagrass bed (i.e., destruction of the meadow)
PENANGKAPAN IKAN DENGAN BOM DI DAERAH TERUMBU KARANG DESA ARAKAN DAN WAWONTULAP
Get PDFThis study was aimed to see the behavior of fishermen who catch fish using explosives in coral zone. This research was carried out in Arakan and Wawontulap villages, South Minahasa. The results showed that almost 60 percent of coral reef areas were destroyed by fish bombing
KAJIAN PERIKANAN TANGKAP IKAN JULUNG-JULUNG (Hyporhamphus affinis) DI PERAIRAN KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN SANGIHE
Get PDFABSTRACTThe objective of this research was to predict maximum sustainable yield of garfish resources in the waters of Sangihe Islands District; to analyze the fishing season of garfish; to map the location of coral reef expected to be a breeding ground of garfish; and to assess the biological, economic, social and environmental aspects of garfish in Sangihe Island district. Garfish maximum sustainable yield was calculated at about 70 tons/year with a maximum effort of 3,613.71 trips. Fishing season of garfish was very dependent on wind direction and speed throughout the year. The percentage of live coral cover at a depth of 5 meters was 56.16-70.17% and a depth of 3 meters was 44.33-83.75%. The ratio of male and female sexes was 35.92-64.07%. Based on length-weight analysis of the garfish growth was classified allometric with a length of 16.7-20.7 cm and weighs between 35-55 g. The financial analysis of garfish fisheries in this area showed that the of Benefit Investment ratio was 1.19 and the Benefit Cost ratio was about 0.94.ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memprediksi pemanfaatan maksimum sumberdaya lestari pada ikan julung-julung di perairan Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe; untuk menganalisis musim penangkapan ikan tersebut, memetakan lokasi terumbu karang diharapkan dapat menjadi tempat berkembang biak dari julung-julung, serta menilai aspek biologi, ekonomi, sosial dan lingkungan di kabupaten Pulau Sangihe. Pemanfaatan maksimum sumberdaya lestari ikan julung-julung dihitung sekitar 70 ton/tahun dengan upaya maksimal 3.613,71 trip. Musim penangkapan garfish sangat tergantung pada arah dan kecepatan angin sepanjang tahun. Persentase penutupan karang hidup pada kedalaman 5 meter adalah 56,16-70,17% dan kedalaman 3 meter adalah 44,33-83,75%. Rasio jenis kelamin jantan dan betina adalah 35,92-64,07%. Berdasarkan analisis pertumbuhan panjang-berat garfish diklasifikasikan alometrik dengan panjang 16,7-20,7 cm dan berat antara 35-55 g. Hasil analisis keuangan perikanan garfish di Sangihe Kabupaten menunjukkan bahwa rasio Manfaat Investasi adalah 1,19 dan rasio Biaya Manfaat sekitar 0,94
STATUS KEBERLANJUTANPENGELOLAAN TERUMBU KARANG DI PULAU HOGOW DAN PUTUS-PUTUS SULAWESI UTARA
Get PDFABSTRACTA study aimed to examine the status of sustainable management of coral reef in Pulau Hogow and Pulau Putus-Putus in Southeast Minahasa regency, North Sulawesi Province, was conducted in from July to September 2011. Diagnosis on the status of sustainable management of coral reef was presented in a sequence covering the ecological, economic, social, institutional and technological dimensions. In ecological dimension, the attribute of percentage of coral cover provided the largest contribution. In economical dimension, the largest contribution was provided by tourism guide, time used for coral reefs exploitation, dependency on the resource as a source of income and foreign tourists attributes. In social dimension, similar indications shown by the attributes of the number of locations which were potential for exploitation conflicts, level of education and efforts to repair the damage of coral reef ecosystems. On the institutional dimension, the contributions made by all attributes were almost even, with the highest is the tradition/culture and cooperation attributes. Similarly, in the technological dimension the contributions made attributes were almost even, with the highest contributions were from boat technology and technology post-harvest technology attributes. For overall dimensions of sustainability management of coral reefs, a map created in RAPFISH ordinate showed recommendation on the status of the sustainability.Keywords: sustainability, management, coral reef, dimension.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah status keberlanjutan pengelolaan te-rumbu karang di Pulau Hogow dan Putus-Putus Kabupaten Minahasa Tenggara Provinsi Sulawesi Utara, dilakukan pada bulan Juli-September 2011. Diagnosis status keberlanjutan pengelolaan terumbu karang dikemukakan secara berurutan mencakup dimensi ekologi, dimensi ekonomi, dimensi sosial, dimensi kelembagaan dan dimensi teknologi. Dalam dimensi ekologi atribut persentase penutupan karang memberikan kontribusi terbesar. Untuk dimensi ekonomi kontribusi terbesar diberikan atribut pe-mandu wisata, waktu yang digunakan untuk pemanfaatan terumbu karang, ketergan-tungan kepada sumberdaya sebagai sumber nafkah dan wisatawan mancanegara. Di-mensi sosial indikasi serupa ditunjukkan oleh atribut-atribut jumlah lokasi potensi kon-flik pemanfaatan, tingkat pendidikan dan upaya perbaikan kerusakan ekosistem terum-bu karang. Pada dimensi kelembagaan kontribusi yang diberikan atribut-atribut merata, tetapi yang tertinggi adalah tradisi/budaya dan koperasi. Demikian juga pada dimensi teknologi, kontribusi yang diberikan atribut-atribut merata, dengan kontribusi tertinggi adalah atribut teknologi perahu dan teknologi pasca panen. Untuk semua dimensi keberlanjutan pengelolaan terumbu karang, hasil pemetaan yang dilakukan dalam ordinasi RAPFISH menunjukkan status keberlanjutan yang baik untuk dilakukan.Kata kunci: keberlanjutan, pengelolaan, terumbu karang, dimensi
MENJAWAB MIMPI KESEJAHTERAAN NELAYAN TRADISIONAL DI KELURAHAN MALALAYANG I KOTA MANADO PROPINSI SULAWESI UTARA
Get PDFEconomic and social prosperity is a dream of all traditional fishermen, particularly those who live in Malalayang I, Manado, North Celebes. This study used interviews to gather the information. Results found that 1) the local fishermen need to move to a semi-industrial fishing gear and boat in order to increase their catches; 2) the fishermen need to have an investment support to provide better fishing gears. Improvement in their economic and social conditions would bring improvements in social relationship among local fishermen