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Genome-wide meta-analysis of maize heterosis reveals the potential role of additive gene expression at pericentromeric loci
No full textThe identification of QTL involved in heterosis formation is one approach to unravel the not yet fully understood genetic basis of heterosis - the improved agronomic performance of hybrid F1 plants compared to their inbred parents. The identification of candidate genes underlying a QTL is important both for developing markers and determining the molecular genetic basis of a trait, but remains difficult owing to the large number of genes often contained within individual QTL. To address this problem in heterosis analysis, we applied a meta-analysis strategy for grain yield (GY) of Zea mays L. as example, incorporating QTL-, hybrid field-, and parental gene expression data
Gene Expression Profiling of Pancreatic Cancer Reveals a Significant Deregulation of the TGF-β Pathway and the Discovery of Genes for Prognosis
No full textWe have re-analyzed previously published gene expression data from ninety-four pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC) samples. We determined the gene expression profile of genes differentially expressed in PDAC compared to non-malignant pancreatic tissue. Using the 100 top-ranked genes, we were able to discriminate between PDAC and non-malignant pancreatic tissue. A hierarchical cluster analysis revealed only a 6 % false discovery rate. The prognostic strength of these discriminative genes was underscored by a SVM classification and 3-fold cross validation with an 89 % correct class assignment. The annotation of the 100 top-ranked genes revealed that most of the genes were involved in the processes of signal transduction, cell adhesion, extracellular matrix organization and cell migration. The most greatly affected signal cascade was the transforming growth factor β receptor signaling pathway, which was significantly enriched in the top-ranked genes. Furthermore, we identified eleven genes that were associated with good prognosis
Open data and distributed knowledge work in open government
Get PDFThis concept paper looks at the potential of open standards and web services as a basis for innovation. It illustrates the capabilities and characteristics of open data in a conceptual way, comparing hierarchies and heterarchies as coordination models. Moreover, it will seek to show that the Web 2.0 technologies basically follow the same principles and coordination structures as the social models of collaborative knowledge generation and innovation, using open data as a foundation. The point is to make clear to what extent and in what form open data, open standards, and distributed applications are effective as a starting point for ‘distributed knowledge work’
Reliability Assessment of Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication
No full textV2V communication enables a plethora of cooperative applications aimed at reducing road hazard situations as well as enhancing traffic efficiency and individual driving comfort, expanding therewith the boundaries of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). These applications will be supported by IEEE 802.11p, a standard operating in the 5.9 GHz frequency band and adapted for the highly dynamic vehicular environment.
The focus of this work is V2V safety applications, which have already gained a major attention from the industry, academia, as well as standardization bodies. Being a subject of wireless communication the performance of V2V applications directly depends on the communication link quality and the packet distribution pattern. Therefore, the main purpose of this thesis is to develop an effective communication link reliability assessment method and analyze to what extent V2V communication is feasible to satisfy the reliability requirements of safety applications. Furthermore, we investigate the effectiveness of the proposed assessment method when applied for real-time communication link reliability prediction.
In particular, in this work we establish the link between classical network performance metrics and specific application reliability requirements and derive a set of advanced assessment metrics. Afterwards, we investigate through these metrics how different environmental factors affect application reliability based on the measurement data, which was obtained in elaborated real-world measurement campaigns and in different non-line-of-sight scenarios. Using the suggested metrics further in this work
we additionally analyze the achievable application reliability of the V2V safety applications in congested network scenarios through the simulation study. Based on these results we also define the most favorable combinations of the network parameters to support reliable operation of these applications.
Finally, in this thesis we examine to what extent the suggested metrics are suitable for applications while operating in real time. We develop and implement two frameworks for prediction of the communication link reliability, based on the data that was obtained over the 4.5 months of the simTD project field trials. Furthermore, we apply both frameworks to other measurement data, which was obtained outside the simTD project and assess the effectiveness of both frameworks under independent realistic
conditions
Transformation einer EPK in eine formalisierte Methode
No full textDieser Beitrag untersucht die Transformation einer Ereignisgesteuerten Prozesskette in diverse formalisierte Modellierungsmethoden. Die hierfür gewählten formalen Methoden sind Business Process Model and Notation, Unified Modeling Language, Subjektorientiertes Business Process Management und Petrinetze. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, die Vor- und Nachteile der Methoden zu definieren und eine geeignete Methode für sowohl Modellierung als auch Automatisierung von Geschäftsprozessen zu finden. Zunächst werden theoretische Grundlagen der Geschäftsprozessmodellierung dargestellt. Des Weiteren wird auf die gesonderten Charakteristika der vorgestellten Methoden eingegangen. Ein besonderer Fokus liegt hier auf dem Thema Syntax und Semantik der Methoden. Nachfolgend werden die Ergebnisse der Transformation sowie die Vorteile und Nachteile der gewählten Methoden kritisch betrachtet. Als Grundlage für den Vergleich wurde das Beispiel eines Bewerbungsverfahrens als Ereignisgesteuerte Prozesskette entwickelt
Onlinekurs "Interkulturelles Lernen und Arbeiten" als ein Baustein der interkulturellen Qualifizierung - Anmerkungen zum Einsatz
No full textIm Rahmen des Verbundprojekts „InterKomp KMU 2.0“ ist im Teilprojekt „Technik und Kultur“ der TH Wildau [FH] ein computergestütztes Lehrwerk zu interkulturellen Kompetenzen für KMU und insbesondere für KKU in Brandenburg entstanden, das inhaltlich und methodisch sowohl mehreren Anforderungen an Weiterbildungsangebote im Themenfeld Interkulturalität entspricht als auch dem Lehr- und Lernformat Blended Learning (BL) genügt. Der modular aufgebaute Onlinekurs bildet thematisch die wichtigsten Schwerpunkte des Bereiches Interkulturelles Lernen ab, stellt eine bereichernde Ergänzung für jede interkulturelle Bildungsmaßnahme dar und ist für Nutzer frei und kostenlos zugänglich. Für das selbstständige Lernen ist der Onlinekurs eine gute Möglichkeit, eine größere Sensibilität für interkulturellen Kontexte zu entwickeln und das Grundlagenwissen auf dem Gebiet der interkulturellen Kommunikation anzueignen. Allerdings muss er als Lehrund Lernmaterial in den Gesamtzusammenhang der interkulturellen Bildung eingebettet und der Lernprozess durch diskursive Lernmethoden in den Präsenzphasen professionell begleitet werden, um das Lernziel interkultureller Handlungskompetenz zu erreichen
Characterization of genome methylation patterns in the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria
No full textDNA methylation is a widely conserved epigenetic modification. The analysis of genome-scale DNA methylation patterns in various organisms suggests that major features of animal methylomes are widely conserved. However, based on the variation of DNA methyltransferase genes in invertebrates, it has also been proposed that DNA methylation could provide a molecular mechanism for ecological adaptation. We have now analyzed the methylome of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria, which represents an organism with a high degree of phenotypic plasticity. Using genome-scale bisulfite sequencing, we show here that the S. gregaria methylome is characterized by CpG- and exon-specific methylation and thus shares two major features with other animal methylomes. In contrast to other invertebrates, however, overall methylation levels were substantially higher and a significant fraction of transposons was methylated. Additionally, genic sequences were densely methylated in a pronounced bimodal pattern, suggesting a role for DNA methylation in the regulation of locust gene expression. Our results thus uncover a unique pattern of genome methylation in locusts and provide an important foundation for investigating the role of DNA methylation in locust phase polyphenism
Shape memory polyurethanes based on recycled polyvinyl butyral. I. Synthesis and morphology
No full textShape memory polyurethanes (SMPUs) were synthesized by 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), hexane-1,6-diol (HD), polypropylene glycol (PPG), and recycled polyvinyl butyral (PVB). Dynamic mechanical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transformation infrared attenuated total reflection spectroscopy was used to characterize the poly (vinylbutyral-urethanes). Micro-phase domain separation of hard and soft segments and phase inversion were investigated. Increasing the hard segment content, i.e., average hard segment molecular weight, leads to an increase in the degree of micro-phase separation, hard domain order and crystallinity. The crystalline hard segment structures combined with the elastic nature of soft segment matrix provide enough physical and chemical crosslinks to have shape memory effect
H&M – a role model for organic cotton use in textile processing?
No full textSweden’s Hennes & Mauritz (operating as H&M) is one of the biggest multinational retail-clothing companies in the world. As a result of massive criticism from campaigning non-profit organizations and news media reports that blamed H&M for unfair and substandard working conditions in their ancillary industries, in 1997 the company began to develop a corporate social responsibility (CSR) program and a code of conduct. Today H&M has a wide-ranging, broadly integrated CSR pro-gram. As a part of its commitment, the company implemented a strategy to “Use Natural Resources Responsibly”. The use of organic cotton, which is understood as cotton grown without chemical pesticides or fertilizers, is one part of the strategy.
In 2010, the company was hit by a scandal. News media reported that large volumes of genetically modified cotton from India had been falsely put on the German market as organic cotton and affected various companies, among them H&M. The search for better monitoring, controls and safeguards was on so H&M could keep its promises. This article discusses the challenge and possible improvements and solutions to recognized problems, and evaluates the company’s actions so far. It concludes that H&M can be considered a role model for organic cotton use in textile processing. However, further steps can and should be taken for improved control and information, and better customer and stakeholder relations in the CSR framework
Innovation Hub als Nukleus regionaler Entwicklung
No full textDas Konzept des Innovation Hubs aufgreifend wird im folgenden Beitrag der Frage nachgegangen, ob sich Innovation Hubs auch außerhalb von Stadtzentren entwickeln können und welche Voraussetzungen hierfür erforderlich sind. Basierend auf empirischen Untersuchungen wird diskutiert, ob geeignete Bedingungen für die Entwicklung eines Innovation Hubs im regionalen Wachstumskern Schönefelder Kreuz gegeben sind, und mittels Szenarien antizipiert wie diese Standortbedingungen in einem zukünftigen Innovation Hub ausgeprägt sein könnten.Taking up the concept of Innovation Hub, the paper will provide answers to the question whether Innovation Hubs can develop also outside of large cities and which conditions are necessary for this. On the basis of empirical studies the article discusses whether suitable regional conditions for the development of an Innovation Hub within the Regional Growth Core Schönefeld Cross are given and how they can be anticipated using scenario techniques