Hochschulschriftenserver der TH Wildau
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LED-based portable light source for photodynamic therapy
No full textPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) employs light activation of tissue-localized photosensitizer in an oxygen-dependent process which initiates oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death. Laser systems, which are mostly used in PDT as light sources can be costly and oversized. light-emitting diodes (LEDs) equipment has a high potential to simplify technical part of phototriggered therapies and to reduce its costs. We develop the LED-based system that includes the control and irradiation units. The system provides the same power density at any irradiation point. Among the advantages of the device is a possibility to change the irradiation area and tune the irradiation dose. PDT experiments with cancer cells in vitro treated with two different photosensitizers demonstrated a possibility to use the developed LED-based system as a low-cost light source in PDT
Analyte Tracking for Novel Bio-Applications
No full textModern cell culture as well as sophisticated bio-applications involve complex biochemical processes, which are required to induce growth, product development or material degradation. Tracking the reaction processes inside the application presents a major challenge due to its complexity. The development of new analysis and tracking mechanisms for such application presents a solution to fully understand the process. In addition, the applied sensors are required to monitor the reactions enable a live tracking of the process. Furthermore, this gives the opportunity to influence and manipulate reactions to further enhance the application of the process. Possible analytes for tracking during processes can be chemical origin such as glucose, cytokines, antibiotics and growth factors, which are included in the culture medium. Based on the complexity of the culture or bio-application the sensor tracking mechanism has to be adapted to ensure full process control. A variety of different approaches can be used for the tracking mechanism
Monitoring of Cytotoxic Induced Cellular Displacements by Utilizing Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry
No full textModern medical science delivers through innovative chemical or mechanical/physical means new strategies to treat patients mildly and fight diseases accurately. In line with this development a screening procedure for tissue samples under usage of the electronic speckle pattern interferometry is developed at the University of Applied Science Wildau. The paper at hand provides the corner stone for such a procedure in form of an incubation system that is adapted to the properties of an electronic speckle pattern interferometer and allows the incubation as well as study of samples over time. As a result the developed system can regulate its own temperature and is constructed for use in an electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI) setup. Its design allows a simple modular approach for further development
Simple paired heavy- and light-chain antibody repertoire sequencing using endoplasmic reticulum microsomes
No full textExisting methods for paired antibody heavy- and light-chain repertoire sequencing rely on specialized equipment and are limited by their commercial availability and high costs. Here, we report a novel simple and cost-effective emulsion-based single-cell paired antibody repertoire sequencing method that employs only basic laboratory equipment. We performed a proof-of-concept using mixed mouse hybridoma cells and we also showed that our method can be used for discovery of novel antigen-specific monoclonal antibodies by sequencing human CD19+ B cell IgM and IgG repertoires isolated from peripheral whole blood before and seven days after Td (Tetanus toxoid/Diphtheria toxoid) booster immunization. We anticipate broad applicability of our method for providing insights into adaptive immune responses associated with various diseases, vaccinations, and cancer immunotherapies
Impact of the Polishing Suspension Concentration on Laser Damage of Classically Manufactured and Plasma Post-Processed Zinc Crown Glass Surfaces
No full textThe laser-induced damage threshold of optics is an issue of essential importance in high-power laser applications. However, the complex and partially interacting mechanisms as well as the underlying reasons for laser damage of glass surfaces are not yet fully understood. The aim of the present work is to contribute to a better understanding of such damage mechanisms by providing original results on the impact of classical glass surface machining on the laser-induced damage threshold. For this purpose, glass samples were prepared with well-defined process conditions in terms of the used lapping and polishing agents and suspensions. Further, the samples were post-processed by atmospheric pressure plasma for precision cleaning. The laser-induced damage threshold and surface contamination by residues from the manufacturing process were determined before and after plasma post-processing. It is shown that the polishing suspension concentration has a certain impact on the laser-induced damage threshold and surface contamination by residues from used working materials. The highest damage threshold of 15.2 J/cm² is found for the lowest surface contamination by carbon which occurs in the case of the highest polishing suspension concentration. After plasma treatment for merely 60 s, this value was increased to 20.3 J/cm² due to the removal of surface-adherent carbon. The results thus imply that the laser-induced damage threshold can notably be increased by first choosing appropriate process parameters during classical manufacturing and second plasma post-processing for surface finishing
Theorie der Modenlinienspektroskopie zur optischen Charakterisierung von Polymerschichten
Get PDFDie Modenlinienspektroskopie kann zur hochpräzisen Charakterisierung von Polymerschichten bezüglich des Brechungsindex verwendet werden. Das vorliegende Manuskript behandelt die Theorie der Modenlinienspektroskopie und beginnt dabei mit den theoretischen Grundlagen eines planaren Wellenleiters, die zum Verständnis der Modenlinienspektroskopie notwendig sind. Die hier präsentierten expliziten Herleitungen können genutzt werden, um die Modenlinienspektroskopie so zu modifizieren, dass auch die Messung des Pockelseffektes möglich ist. Eine Anwendungsmöglichkeit soll in der zukünftigen Bestimmung des Pockelskoeffizienten bestehen, der für die Weiterentwicklung von polymerbasierten elektrooptischen Modulatoren benötigt wird. Zudem werden der Aufbau und die experimentelle Herangehensweisen beschrieben und die Brechungsindexbestimmung wird exemplarisch am Beispiel einer Wirt-Gast-Polymerschicht demonstriert.M-Line spectroscopy can be used for high precision measurements of polymer layers. The present manuscript deals with the theory of m-line spectroscopy and thus begins with the theoretical background of a planar waveguide structure, which is necessary for a deeper understanding of m-line spectroscopy. The explicit derivations presented here can be used to modify the m-line spectroscopy in such a way that the measurement of the Pockels effect is also possible. One application is to be obtained in the future configuration of the Pockels coefficients, which is needed to optimize electro-optical modulators. In addition, the set-up and the experimental approach are described. Finally, a host-guest polymer layer is experimentally characterized in terms of the refractive index
Citizen Science – Die Rolle des Bürgers in der Wissenschaft
Get PDFDie Wissenschaft öffnet sich in zunehmendem Maße anderen gesellschaftlichen Teilbereichen und unter dem Schlagwort Citizen Science (Bürgerwissenschaft) verstärkt auch Bürgerinnen und Bürgern. Ein solcher Öffnungsprozess ist, wie die gegenwärtige wissenschaftliche Diskussion zeigt, weder theoretisch noch praktisch unproblematisch. In diesem Beitrag werden deshalb zunächst verschiedene theoretisch-konzeptionelle Ansätze skizziert, die mit dem Thema Bürgerwissenschaft im Zusammenhang stehen, um die unterschiedlichen Facetten der Diskussion zu verdeutlichen. Des Weiteren beabsichtigen die Autorin und der Autor vor allem Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler unterschiedlicher Disziplinen und Forschungsrichtungen für Chancen und Grenzen des Konzepts Bürgerwissenschaft und seiner praktischen Umsetzung in verschiedenen Formen zu sensibilisieren. Schließlich werden vor dem Hintergrund der theoretisch-konzeptionellen Diskussionen Anforderungen an den Aufbau eines bürgerwissenschaftlichen Panels an Hochschulen als mögliches Instrument von Citizen Science spezifiziert.Science increasingly opens up to other societal subsystems – including citizens – and labeled as Citizen Science (Bürgerwissenschaft). Current scientific discussions show that such an opening process is neither theoretically nor practically without problems. This article therefore presents different theoretical-conceptual approaches, which are related to the topic of citizen science, in order to illustrate the different facets of the discussion. Furthermore, the authors intend to sensitize scientists and scholars of various disciplines and research areas for the opportunities and limitations of the concept of citizen science and its practical implementation in various forms. Finally, against the background of the theoretical-conceptual discussions, requirements for the establishment of a citizen science panel at Institutions of Higher Education are specified as a possible tool of Citizen Science
Fabrication and Validation by Micromilling for Bioreactor Prototyping
No full textBioreactor systems for cultivating cells in Life Sciences have been widely used for decades. Recently, there is a trend towards miniaturization, disposables and even micro platforms that fulfill increasing demands strongly aiming for production and testing of novel pharmaceutical products. Miniaturized bioreactors allow low power consumption, portability and reduced space requirements and utilize smaller volumes of reagents and samples [1,2]. A recursive strategy is necessary for optimizing the design and the manufacture of such miniaturized bioreactors. For the fabrication of these prototypes utilized micro-milling. Micro milling is a mechanical process which is commonly applied to create micro-structures in metals, e.g. aluminum and steel, or polymers, e.g. poly carbonate substrates. The structures and geometries are generated by utilizing computer aided design. By means of computer-aided manufacturing, the machining operations are implemented and then transferred to the machine tool. The machine tool moves the cutting tools with certain speeds, feeds and traverse ranges to the substrate. Micro milling has the advantage that the materials are generally not degraded by chemical substances, heating procedures or electromagnetic radiation
Sample Analysis for Novel Medical Applications
No full textThe sample preparation for biological and chemical probes involves following a strict workflow to eliminate any contamination to the sample beforehand. Furthermore, it is time consuming and must be carried out by trained personnel such as a nurse or other supervisors, making it therefore expensive. The development of novel sample preparation techniques paired with modern sample analysis systems is focused on improving the operability while keeping a constant quality of results. This is important to analyse samples, which cannot be determined with current screening conditions. The analysis of analytes is required to receive a more detailed picture of the patient and to fully understand its complexity. Possible samples for in-depth analysis of chemical origin can be cholesterol or glucose. More complex samples, such as blood or saliva, require a sophisticated system, which analyses the samples for their individual compounds
Information Security Awareness in Public Administrations
No full textGovernment digital agendas worldwide go hand in hand with the digital transformation in businesses and public administrations as well as the digital changes taking place in society. Information security (IS) and awareness (ISA) must be an integrated part of these agendas. The goal of IS is to protect information of all types and origins. Here, the employees play a necessary and significant role in the success of IS, and the entire staff of an institution need to know about their specific roles and be aware of the information security management system (ISMS). As there are still fundamental strategic deficiencies in the institutions themselves, humans should not be called “the weakest link” in the security chain. Rather, sustainable awareness-raising and training for people should be established in the institutions using interactive, authentic, and game-based learning methods. Psychological studies show the great importance of emotionalization when communicating IS knowledge and the reliable exchange of experience about IS. However, in many institutions, a change in culture is becoming necessary. IS must be integrated into all (business) processes and projects, and viable safeguards must be included. This chapter summarizes the most important scientific findings and transfers them to the practice of public administrations in Germany. Moreover, it shows examples of learning methods and provides practical assistance for IS sensitization and training