Jurnal Konversi Energi dan Manufaktur UNJ
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Planning for the Development of a 40 kWp Off-Grid Centralized Solar Power Plant (SPP) on Insumbabi Island
Full text linkThis study aims to design and evaluate a 40 kWp off‑grid centralized Solar Power Plant (SPP) to meet the electricity needs of two underserved villages on Insumbabi Island, Supiori Regency, Papua, Indonesia. A systematic planning and technical design process was conducted, comprising field surveys, satellite‑based solar potential analysis, load assessment, and system configuration. Performance simulations using photovoltaic (PV) Syst software indicate a daily energy output of 158.386 kWh, delivered by 216 PV modules and battery storage with two‑day autonomy. The system achieves an annual average production of 3.3–3.6 kWh/kWp/day. The maximum energy that can be produced by the solar panels reaches 67,661 kWh per year, with the highest monthly output of 6,194 kWh in August and the lowest of 4,992 kWh in February, a performance ratio (PR) of 0.602, and a solar fraction (SF) of 1.0. This confirms its capacity to fully meet local energy demands year‑round. The proposed design demonstrates high feasibility and offers a replicable model for off‑grid rural electrification projects in Indonesia
Comparative Analysis of Taper and Taperless Horizontal Turbine Blades at Labuhan Jukung Beach
Full text linkThe uneven distribution of electricity demand across Indonesia necessitates the development of Renewable Energy Sources, particularly wind energy. This study evaluates the performance efficiency of horizontal-axis wind turbines equipped with two blade types: taper and taperless, both using the NACA 0012 airfoil. Aerodynamic simulations were conducted using QBlade software. Wind speed data from 2017 to 2022 were sourced from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), while electricity consumption data were obtained from the Statistics Bureau of Pesisir Barat Regency. A quantitative approach using descriptive graphical analysis was employed to compare the performance metrics of the two blade designs. The results show that the taperless blade achieves higher power coefficient (Cp) and torque coefficient (Ct) values compared to the taper blade, although the taper blade produces greater torque (T). The energy conversion of the taperless blade reached 347.6 kWh, representing an increase of approximately 4.83% over the 331.6 kWh generated by the taper blade. Further analysis indicates that approximately 19 taperless-blade turbines are required to meet the daily electricity demand of 6,545 kWh in Pesisir Barat Regency. These findings support the recommendation to adopt taperless blades for improved wind energy utilization in the region
Analysis of Print Speed Variations Effect and Nozzle Temperature on the Tensile Strength of 3D Printed TPU-95A Products
Full text linkThis study aims to analyze the effect of print speed and nozzle temperature variations on the tensile strength of TPU-95A material printed using the fused deposition modeling (FDM) method. The varied parameters include print speeds (70, 80, and 90 mm/s) and nozzle temperatures (230 and 240 °C). Tensile test specimens were produced using an Ender-3 Pro 3D printer according to the JIS K6251-2017 standard and tested with a Shimadzu AGS-X 10kN tensile testing machine. The results showed that the combination of a 90 mm/s print speed and a 230 °C nozzle temperature yielded the highest tensile strength of 318.74 kgf/cm². Conversely, the lowest tensile strength of 212.20 kgf/cm² occurred at a 90 mm/s print speed and a 240 °C nozzle temperature due to thermal degradation of the material. This study highlights the importance of selecting optimal printing parameters to enhance the mechanical strength of 3D-printed products made from TPU-95A
Finite Element-Based Structural Evaluation of a Rescue Boat Crane Mount on LCT 153 Vessel
Full text linkRescue operations onboard marine vessels rely on effective and reliable deployment mechanisms for rescue boats, particularly in emergency scenarios. Cranes are commonly installed to assist in lowering rescue boats, but their performance depends greatly on the strength and reliability of their mounting systems. This study investigates the structural performance of a rescue boat crane mounting system on an LCT 153 vessel using finite element analysis. The problem addressed in this research is the lack of quantitative data on how different crane configurations affect the structural integrity of their mounting base under operational loads. Two crane models with different outreach and load specifications were assessed to identify the most structurally efficient option. Stress distribution and deformation were simulated using 3D models and meshed at various sizes to ensure convergence accuracy. The results revealed that the configuration with a 6-meter outreach generated lower stress (19.69 MPa) and deformation (0.004 mm), while the 7-meter alternative showed higher values. The findings contribute to safer and more efficient crane mounting designs and serve as a reference for shipyards in selecting appropriate equipment based on load performance and structural reliability
The Impact of Varying Water Turbine Blade on Performance of Pico Hydro Power Plants
Full text linkThis study has a purpose to determine the number of blades effect on a water turbine regarding flow rate and turbine rotation. The turbine utilized in this study is a Pelton-type impulse turbine, which harnesses potential energy and water pressure to enhance its rotational speed. Additionally, it examines how turbine rotation affects voltage, current, and electric power generated. This research is an experimental study focusing on a prototype mini-micro hydro water turbine. The testing involved varying the valve openings at angles of 36°, 54°, 72°, and 90°, as well as the number of blades, which were set to 6, 8, and 10. The output parameters were measured using instruments that met the specifications for the test equipment. The results indicated that the minimum water discharge required to drive the turbine prototype was 30 cm³/s at a valve opening of 36°. The minimum power generated for each variation in the number of blades was as follows: 0.114 W for 6 blades, 1.426 W for 8 blades, and 1.672 W for 10 blades. At the maximum valve opening of 90°, a flow rate of 67 cm³/s was achieved. Under these conditions, the turbine generated powers of 1.5 W for 6 blades, 7.593 W for 8 blades, and 8.16 W for 10 blades. These findings demonstrate that the performance of the micro-hydro power generation system is significantly influenced by water discharge, turbine rotation speed, and the specifications of the power generator used. This study provides valuable insights for developing renewable energy sources to supply electricity in remote areas with limited access to conventional energy. Furthermore, the results can serve as a foundation for designing more efficient and sustainable micro-hydro systems in the future. The results indicate that an increase in the number of turbine blades leads to greater kinetic energy in the water, which in turn raises the rotational speed of the turbine. This increase in kinetic energy enhances the conversion of water energy into mechanical energy, resulting in improved efficiency of the turbine
Electric Vehicle Review: BEV, PHEV, HEV, or FCEV?
Full text linkElectric vehicles (EVs) are rapidly advancing as a sustainable transportation solution in the global effort to reduce carbon emissions. There are four main types of EVs: battery electric vehicles (BEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs). This article reviews each EV type's advantages, limitations, and prospects based on energy efficiency, carbon emissions, technological development, and infrastructure readiness. The findings indicate that BEVs hold the most significant potential for personal vehicles and urban transportation, while FCEVs are more suited for heavy-duty and long-distance applications. PHEVs and HEVs are considered transition solutions, but their relevance is expected to decrease as technology and global policies evolve. BEVs provide zero emissions. PHEVs provide high flexibility, while HEVs do not require charging infrastructure, and FCEVs offer zero emissions and long-range and fast charging times. FCEV can travel up to more than 800 KM, which is very promising for the distance travelled problem, which is a challenge for electric vehicles
Heat Pump Drying of Arabica Coffee Beans: Influence of Inlet Air Conditions on Drying Rate Constant
Full text linkDrying is a crucial step in agricultural processing as it reduces moisture content, extends shelf life, and preserves product quality. For heat-sensitive Arabica coffee beans, heat pump drying (HPD) is an efficient and energy-saving method. This study investigates the drying characteristics of wet Arabica coffee beans using an HPD system, focusing on determining the drying rate constant (k) at various inlet air temperatures and humidity conditions. The drying process was conducted for 30 minutes at a constant air mass flux rate of 0.69 kg/m²-s at temperatures of 45, 50, 55, 60, and 65°C. Inlet air conditions were controlled with a cooling system at 10, 15, and 20°C, compared to ambient air without cooling. The results showed that increasing drying temperature and decreasing inlet air humidity significantly enhanced the drying rate. Additionally, the study explored the relationship between the constant air mass flux and variable parameters, including air temperature and humidity, which directly affected the drying rate constant (k). The highest k value (17.66 × 10⁻⁵ s⁻¹) was observed at 65°C with air from the cooling system at 10°C, indicating that combining high temperature and dry air improves drying efficiency
APLIKASI COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMIC PADA ANALISIS DAMPAK BULBOUS BOW TERHADAP HAMBATAN KAPAL BANTU CAIR MINYAK: Application of Computational Fluid Dynamic in Analyzing The Impact of Bulbous Bow on Resistance of Auxiliary Oil Vessel
Full text linkThe concept of oil liquid auxiliary vessel combines tanker and container ship features, designed to achieve high speed while maintaining the same displacement, necessitating design analysis to optimize hull resistance. One approach used is the addition of a bulbous bow to the hull. This study compares the resistance between the conventional hull of BCM-3 and the bulbous bow-equipped hull of BCM-4 using computational fluid dynamic (CFD) method with NUMECA. Speed variations used were 16 knots, 17 knots, and 18 knots. The research results show that the use of a bulbous bow on BCM-4 yields more optimal total resistance, with respective resistance values of 339.807 N at 16 knots, 374.558 N at 17 knots, and 497.606 N at 18 knots
ANALISIS HASIL CETAKAN MATERIAL POLYPROPYLEN BENTUK BOTOL MENGGUNAKAN METODE INJECTION BLOW MOLDING: Analysis of Bottle Shaped Polypropylene Material Mold Results using The Injection Blow Molding Method
Full text linkThe process of forming materials is often carried out in the manufacturing industry, especially in the process of forming plastic materials. One method is the injection blow molding, which is done by blowing air into a mold that has been previously designed. The need for a level of precision and accuracy in designing a mold using the injection molding process is one of the important things in the injection blow molding process. One of the designs that must be considered when printing a bottle-shaped product is that it must be precise, in accordance with the expected product design, by considering machine and mold design, material selection, molding materials, and manufacturing processes. The aim of the research is to determine the influence of temperature and pressure on thickness and shrinkage in molds with 30 ml bottle shape. From the results of tests that have been carried out, the effect of a pressure of 4 bar and a temperature of 160 °C produces an average thickness of the mold of 1.03 mm, while at a pressure of 4 bar and temperature of 180 °C the average thickness is 1 mm. The standard used for bottle products is less than 1 mm so that the pressure 4 bar from the experimental results meets the standards for injection blow molding process mold results and for shrinkage occurs at 0.681 %
COVER AND PREFACE JURNAL KONVERSI ENERGI DAN MANUFAKTUR VOL. 9 NO. 2 (2024)
No full textSUMMARY. Saputro and Golwa, in their paper, developed a blade generator system for generating electrical energy from wasted wind in AC condensers. In their paper, Sopiyan et al. conducted hard-facing using the SMAW process and added titanium to the weld layer to increase hardness and corrosion resistance. Anggraini et al., in their paper, conducted research to obtain the productive percentage and operator workload level on the SVC93E20PBE compressor assembly line for the R600A refrigerator unit. Sugiyanto et al., in their paper, conducted research to determine the effect of temperature and pressure on the thickness and shrinkage of 30 ml bottle molds. Maulidah et al., in their paper, compared the resistance of the BCM-3 ship with a conventional hull and the BCM-4 ship with a bulbous bow hull. Chandra et al., in their paper, manufactured Mg2Si-based thermoelectric materials with bismuth doping using a solid-state reaction method using a powder technique in a sealed tube. Syaripuddin et al., in their paper, carried out hard facing on carbon steel surfaces using HV-800 electrodes with various thicknesses to see the hardness and corrosion of the weld layer. In addition, distortions were also observed in the post-welding specimens. Muliastri et al., in their paper, carried out welding on 6 mm AISI 1045 steel with varying currents of 75, 85, and 95 A to see the effect on the tensile strength and Vickers hardness tests.