Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Peternakan
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Analysis on Satisfaction Level of Broiler Chicken Farmer in Implementing Business Partnership in South Sulawesi: A Case Study in Maros Regency
Get PDFBroiler farm is one type of business that attracts many farmers in South Sulawesi and one of the driving forces is the presence of nucleus plasma business partnership pattern. Increasing number of companies involved in partnership causing tougher competition among nucleus firms to get the farmer partners. Those who are able to provide the best quality of service will get a lot of farmer partners and will be able to maintain continuity of implementation partnerships. This research aim was to analyze attributes of service quality dimension (reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, tangible) that can give satisfaction to the broiler farmers on the implementation the partnership. Fifty eight broiler farmers, who have implemented partnership, were selected as the sample based on stratified random sampling methods which were distributed proportionally in the long time of partnership period which was 1-5 years, 6-10 years, and more than 11 year. Then, the respondents from each stratum were randomly chosen. In addition, descriptive analysis and Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) were used to analyze of the data. The results of this study indicated that the level of satisfaction of broiler farmers on implementing the partnership including the classification was quite good. This was reflected by the result of performance analysis between compatibility and interests of farmers which gave a value of 77.04% of the 19 attributes of service quality dimensions of firm nucleus analyzed. There were seven attributes that have high level of interests but the performance was still considered low by the broiler farmer plasma. Therefore, it is suggested to the nucleus firms to improve the attributes and to the plasma broiler farmers to establish their own institutions in order to improve their bargaining position to the firm nucleus
Protein Digestibility, Nitrogen Retention, and Meat Protein Mass of Broiler chickens Fed on Mulberry Leaves Fermented with Rumen Liquid
Get PDFThe aim of the experiment was to determine the optimal levels in the utilization of mulberry leaves fermented with rumen liquid as well as unfermented mulberry leaves, based on its effects on protein digestibility, nitrogen retention, and protein mass of broiler chickens. One hundred CP 707 day old chicks, unsex, were randomly assigned to receive one of five treatments diets were T0 (basal diet), T1 (10% unfermented mulberry leaf), T2 (10% fermented mulberry leaf), T3 (20% unfermented mulberry leaf), and T4 (20% fermented mulberry leaf). Replication for each treatment was four so that the total experimental unit was 20 and each experimental unit consisted of five chickens. The results showed that the administration of 10% mulberry leaves increased the digestibility of protein fermentation, but had no effects on nitrogen retention and protein mass of meat
Potency of 1 - deoxynojirimycin Compounds for Slowed Hydrolysis of Various Carbohydrates by Raw Enzymes of the Rumen Liquid
Get PDFCompound of 1- deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) in the mulberry leave extract (MLE) potentially hamper the hydrolysis process of various carbohydrates. This experiment aimed to study dynamic concentration of reductive sugar resulted from the hydrolysis of various carbohydrates by raw enzymes of the rumen liquid, with or without the addition of mulberry leave extract containing 1-deoxynojirimycin. Materials tested are maltose, sucrose, starch and cellulose. The result of the experiment showed that the addition of mulberry leave extract on the media with the substrate of maltose hampered the activity of maltase. It was concluded that MLE containing DNJ can be used as an agent of slow release mechanism of non-structural carbohydrates, especially maltose, in the rumen system
THE EFFECTS OF FEEDING WHOLE COTTONSEED AS A SUPPLEMENT FOR SHEEP FED A BASAL DIET GRASS HAY ON FEED DIGESTIBILITY AND THE RUMEN FERMENTATION
Get PDFThis experiment was conducted in vivo to investigate the effects of feeding WCS as a supplement for sheep fed GH on the apparent feed digestibility, and the rumen fermentation. Four different diets (T1-T4) were used, GH alone, or GH plus 150, 300 or 500 g WCS d-1 (fresh basis). The main objectives of the in vivo experiment was to examine digestibility and rumen characteristics (pH, ammonia and VFA concentration) of sheep fed the four diets. The results of this experiment indicated that supplementation of GH with WCS at level of 500 g d-1 (0.37 of the diet) reduced DM, ADF and NDF digestibility. There was no statistically significant effect on total rumen VFA, but the molar proportions of acetate, propionate and butyrate were altered by the highest rate of inclusion of WCS. These results suggested that WCS might have reduced the numbers or activities of cellulolytic rumen microorganisms
The Nutritional Value of Intercropping Forage of Arbila (Phaseolus lunatus) Inoculated by Rhizobium With Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) at Different Planting Space of Arbila and Different Row Number of Sorghum
Get PDFThe study was conducted to evaluate intercropping forage production between inoculated arbila (Phaseolus lunatus) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) at different planting space of arbila and different row number of sorgum. The experiment was arranged factorially according to completely randomised design. The first factor was two planting space of arbila i.e. J1 (120 cm) and J2 (180 cm). The second factor was three different row number of sorghum i.e. P1 (1 row), P2 (2 rows), P3 (3 rows). The replication for each treatment combination was three giving total number of experimental units of 18. Variables abserved were organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), nitrogen free ekstract (NFE), ether extract (EE), and ash contents of intercropped forage. Results showed that nutritional value of intercropping forage between arbila and sorgum was better compared with monoculture crop of either arbila or sorghum. At intercropping, OM content of all treatments were high, except for treatment J1P1. The lowest CF was noticed for treatment J1P2 (30.64%). The highest CP content was for J1P1 (16.16%) but the CP content of J1P2 was still quiet good (13.36%). EE values were relatively similar for all treatments. The highest value for NFE was for J1P3 (48.35%) and J2P1 (48.45%) but the value for J1P2 was still reasonably good (48.35%). The ash content for treatment J1P1, J1P2, and J1P3 was 8.62%, 7.51%, and 7.15% respectively, and it was considered good enough for forage. In conclusion, intercropping between arbila at 120 cm planting space and 2 or 3 rows of sorghums produces the best nutritive content of forage for ruminant feed
The effect of Curing Process in Acetic Acid on the Gelatin Properties of Blingon Goat Skin
Get PDFBligon goat is a cross between Kacang with Ettawah goat. The skin of Bligon goat contains collagen protein compounds that have the potential to be processed into gelatin. Curing process is necessary to improve the properties of gelatin both quantitative and qualitative. The purpose of this study was to identification of the best process time and level of acetat acid as curing materials of Blingon goat skin. The skin of male Bligon goat age ±1.5-2.5 years of old and acetic acid (CH3COOH 0.5 M) were used as material. The experiment was run according to completely randomized design (CRD) with factorial pattern of 2x3 and three replications for each treatment. Two processing time (48 and 96 hours) as first factor and three concentrations levels of acetic acid (3, 6 and 9%, v/v) as the second factor. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance. Yields, gel strength and viscosity were used as parameters. The results of this study showed that the processing time up to 96 hours and level of concentration up to 9% significantly affected (P<0.01 ) gel strength, but no significantly on the yields and viscosity. The combination of processing time of 96 hours with concentration level of 3% gave the best results compared to others
CHARACTERISTIC PERFORMANCES OF THE MAIN FOUR PIG FARMING SYSTEMS IN MANOKWARI, WEST PAPUA
Get PDFThis research aimed to investigate opportunities for improving pig farming systems both in urban and rural areas of Manokwari, Papua Barat province-Indonesia. The research started by assessing the perspectives and perceptions of farmers in group meetings. A number of 386 pigs in cummulative was weighing and measured for life body weights and body condition scores. Papuan pig farmers were represented by Jayapura, Biak, Ambai and Ansus(Serui), Mee(Nabire), Arfak(Manokwari)and Ayamaru(Sorong)tribes. Non-Papuan pig farmers identified with ethnic groups of Batak, Toraja, Manado and Flores. The highest numbers of pigs kept were by semi-penned pig farmers, followed by pen and restrained pig farmers. About two hours per day was devoted to work in the restrained, semi-penned and pen pig keeping systems, while less than 1.5 hours per day was allocated by free-range pig farmers. In urban areas, feeding sources were kitchen and restaurant waste, and likewise crops and agriculture residues were in rural areas. Supplements and concentrates were used on a limited scale. Agricultural residues used were cassava, banana, taro, corn, grain and vegetable wastes. Litter sizes in the four pig farming systems were in average of 6 piglets/farrow/sow. Body condition scores were higher in pen pig keeping, i.e. 2.9 to 3, followed by semi-pen pigs, i.e. 2.1 to 3, free-range pigs, 2.1-2.8 and restrained pigs, i.e. 1.8 and 2.5 at different age levels. Economical and social quantitatives need further studies
Study of Income Over Feed and Chick Cost Efficiency of Broiler fed on Sea Grass
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the benefit of giving diets containing sea grass on feed efficiency of broiler production for maximum economic returns. Ninety one-day-old SUR-707 unisexes of broilers chicken were randomly assigned into three groups of dietary treatments according to completely randomised design. The replications for each treatment were six giving total experimental unit of 18. Five broiler chicken were allocated for each replication/experimental unit. The dietary treatments were 0% sea grass (N0), 4.5% sea grass Euchema cottonii (N1), and 4.5% sea grass gracillaria verucosa (N2). Experimental diets were formulated to be iso-protein (19.5%) an iso-calorie (4000 kcal/kg). Variables measured were feed consumption, body weight, feed conversion, and income over feed and chick cost (IOFCC). Results of the study indicated that feed consumption, body weight, feed conversion, and IOFCC were affected by the treament. The lowest IOFCC was obtained for broilers fed on diet containing no sea grass (No) compared with other treatments (N1 and N2). Between diets containing sea grass, the IOFCC for broilers given diet with Gracillaria verucosa (N2) was higher compared to that given diet with Euchema cottonii (N1). In conclusion, addition of sea grass into broiler ration could improve the IOFCC
Energy Sufficiency of Feed Containing Fermented Mulberry Leaves (Morus alba) Determined by measurement of Glucose, Abdominal Fat and Feed Intake
Get PDFThis study was conducted to determine the effect of using rumen liquid fermented mulberry leaves in boiler’s diet on feed consumption, blood glucose, and abdominal fat. This research used 100 of day old CP 707 broiler chicks, as well as concentrate, fermented mulberry leaves and other feed stuffs. The experiment was carried out according to completely randomized design consisted of five treatments, i.e. T0 (control), T1 (10% mulberry leaf), T2 (10% fermented mulberry leaf), T3 (20% mulberry leaf) and T4 (20% fermented mulberry leaf) and four replications for each treatment. Result of the study showed that the increasing use of mulberry leaves, either fermented or unfermented, significantly (P<0.05) increased feed consumption compared to control. Treatment with 20% unfermented murlberry leaf significantly (P<0.05) decreased fat and glucose levels. This study concludes that 20% murlberry used in diet decrease energy density of diet and the use of 10% fermented mulberry leaf produced better results than unfermented
Corellation between Farmers Characteristic and Farm Scale of Bufallo Farming in Sumbang Village Curio District Enrekang Regency
Get PDFBuffaloes is an animal livestock that potentially developed in Sumbang village, district of Curio Enrekang because Enrekang has enough land to be used as an area for grazing and as feed resources as well as the area immediately adjacent to the area of Toraja, a district in which buffaloes are using as a means of ritual in tradition ceremonies. However, the buffaloes livestock business scale is still small-scale farm, i.e. 2-3 buffaloes per household. Buffalo’s livestock business development is influenced by characteristics of the breeder. This research aimed to determine the correlation between characteristics of breeders (age, education, breeding experience, and the number of family) and livestock business scale in Sumbang village, district of Curio, Enrekang regency. The type of this research was an explanatory quantitative, a kind of research that explaining the correlation, examining the correlation between the breeder characteristics and the business scale. Data were collected using questionnaire and were analyzed using statistical software of SPSS 15 for windows. Breeder characteristic that was significantly correlate with buffaloes livestock business scale was breeder experience (P< 0.05) while age, education, and number of family dependent was not significantly correlated