Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Peternakan
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IMPROVEMENT OF FORAGE MANAGEMENT FOR BALI CATTLE IN SOUTH SULAWESI
Get PDFOne factor affecting productivity of bali cattle is availability of good quality forages. Based on that reason, Australian Centre for Internatioanal Agriculture Research (ACIAR) in cooperation with Hasanuddin University and BPTP of South Sulawesi funded a program with an aim to improve forage management for bali cattle in South Sulawesi. This activity was carried out under farm condition involving sixty “best-bet” farmers in twelve villages across three districts (Barru, Bone and Gowa). Aspects evaluated in this program were utilization of existing forages and utilization of new forages by the farmers. In addition, sufficiency of forage for the cattle of best bet farmers was also evaluated. The results indicated that before implementation of ACIAR program, the average proportion of forage used by the farmers to feed on the cattle was 43.4% elephant grass, 34.4% native grass, 12.6% peanut straw/maize stover, 9.1% rice straw, and 0.7% tree legumes. After program implementation, there was a change in the proportion of forage for cattle, namely 47.3% elephant grass, 13.4% native grass, 12.4% peanut straw/maize stover, 12.3% rice straw, 4.1% tree legume leaves. Proportion of some new forages used by the farmers was 2.1% setaria, 2.5% mulato, 5.1% paspalum, and 0.9% panicum. In conclusion, there was a different in the proportion of forages used by the farmers to feed on the cattle before and after project implementation, in which the proportion of elephant grass and tree legume leaves increased and decreased in the use of native grass, while use of agricultural byproduct was relatively stable. In terms of utilization of new grasses introduced, paspalum was the most popular grass for best bet farmer to feed on the cattle
Soybean Oil Supplementation as a Source Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) and Sweet Potato Leaves on the Pig LdL and HDL
Get PDFThis study aimed to determine whether provision of sweet potato leaves and soybean oil supplementation is able to lower low density lipoprotein (LDL) level and high density lipoprotein (HDL) level of blood. The number of pigs used in this study was 20 tails with average age of two months and initial body weight of 13.92±2.56 kg. Experimental diets were control diet - P0 (50% restaurant kitchen waste + 40% rice brand + 10% fish meal), P1 (85% of P0 + 15% sweet potato leaves with a 0.5% soybean oil supplementation), P2 (80% of P0 + 20% sweet potato leaves with a 0.5% soybean oil supplementation), P3 (85% of P0 + 15% sweet potato leaves with soybean oil supplementation 0.75%) and P4 (80% of P0 + sweet potato leaves 20 % with 0.75% soybean oil supplementation). Parematers observed were concentration of LDL and HDL in the blood of the experimental animal. Provision a combination of sweet potato leaves and soybean oil as a source of conjugated linoliec acid was significantly affect (P <0.05) the blood LDL and blood HDL levels of pigs. In conclusion, provision of sweet potato leaves supplemented soybean oil is capable of lowering LDL blood level and increasing the HDL blood level. Giving 15% sweet potato leaves supplemented with 0.5% soybean oil resulted in the lowest level of blood LDL and the hight level of blood HDL
Effect of Separation Medium, Addition of Coffee Extract Before Sexing X and Y Sperm Chromosome and Storage Period on Quality of Fresh Semen of Ettawa Cross Goat
Get PDFOne problem in the application of biotechnology in spermatozoa sexing of X and Y sperm chromosome is a decrease in motility and percentage of live spermatozoa. The decrease could be caused by metabolic process, therefore spare energy obtained from separation medium is decreasing resulting in decrease in motility and percentage of live spermatozoa. Research was carried out to evaluate the effects of separation medium, addition of coffee extract before sexing of X and Y sperm chromosome, and storage period on the quality of goat fresh semen. This experiment was performed according to completely randomized design in factorial pattern (2 x 2 x 6). The first factor was the separation medium (A1: 10% and A2: 30%), the second factor was the coffee extract addition (B1: 0 mM and B2: 3 mM), and the third factor was the period of storage(D1: 0 hour, D2: 2 hours, D3: 4 hours, D4: 6 hours, D5: 8 hours and D6: 10 hours). The result showed that the motility of spermatozoa Y in 30% separation medium was higher (P<0.01) than that of spermatozoa X in 10% separation medium and it was higher (P<0.05) with addition of coffee extract compared with no coffee extract addition. Viability of spermatozoa Y was higher (P<0.05) compared with spermatozoa X and addition of coffee extract not significantly different (P>0.05) compared with no coffee extract addition. The motility and viability of spermatozoa decreased during 10 hours storage. It was concluded that the motility and viability of spermatozoa Y was higher than spermatozoa X. Coffee extract can prevent a decrease of spermatozoa motility during storage. The motility of spermatozoa and the percentage of live spermatozoa decreased during storage
Effect of Time and Curing Concentration on Quantity and Quality of Goat Skin Gelatin Produced by Acid Process
Get PDFGelatin is widely used in food and non-food industries. One of its utilizations in the food industry is as a biopolymer packaging materials to extend product shelf life. The quantity and quality of gelatin used is influenced by the production process, especially the curing period. This study aimed to determine the effect of curing time and concentration of curing agent on the quantity and quality of gelatin produced from goat skin by acid process. Material used in this experiment was goat skin of Ettawah cross male, 1.5 to 3 years old. The experiment was carried out in a 2x3 factorial arrangement according to completely randomized design with three replications for each treatment combination. The first factor was curing time, i.e. 2 and 4 days and the second factor was the concentration of curing agent, i.e. 3, 6 and 9%. The gelatin was produced by the treatment with acetic acid (CH3COOH 0.5 M, v/v) as the curing agent. The results showed that application of CH3COOH 0.5 M with concentration of 9% for 4 days yielded the best quantity and quality of gelatin, with product characteristics are yields of 16,39% and protein contents of 90.74%
Survey on the Potency of Cow Milk Dangke as an Alternative to Buffalo Milk Dangke in Enrekang, South Sulawesi
Get PDFThe scarcity of buffalo milk caused farmers in Enrekang district switch to use cow\u27s milk as a raw material for the manufacture of dangke. This study aims to explore the potential of dangke milk cows from various aspects in the field. Information on population and daily milk production of dairy cows and buffalo, as well as questionnaire data of dangke consumers of Enrekang were obtained in Enrekang district, while data of dangke consumer of not Enrekang were collected with organoleptic tests and questionnaires. Determination of respondents Enrekang with simple random sampling while respondents are not Enrekang with purposive sampling. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent two-sample t test and chi squared test. The potential benefits of cow milk dangke compared to cow buffalo dangke is that with the same quality (moisture, fat, protein, ash, and pH value) cow’s milk dangke has higher raw material availability, cheaper price, easier attainability, widely accepted by Enrekang consumer population, preferred by the non-Enrekang consumer population, and also possess colour and flavor that is preferred by consumers
he Effect of the Use of L. plantarum Starter on a Complete Ration Silage Made from Water Hyacinth on Consumption of Nitrogen Free Extract (NFE), Partial Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA) Production, Methane Production, and Blood Glucose Concentration of Sheep
Get PDFThis study aimed to determine the use of L. plantarum starter on a complete ration silage made from water hyacinth on consumption of nitrogen free extract (NFE), partial volatile fatty acids (VFA) production, methane production, and blood glucose concentration of sheep. This study used fifteen rams (12 months old with an average body weight of 19 ± 3.98 kg). Sheep were randomly divided into 3 groups of treatment rations, namely the group given: concentrate ration and elephant grass (T0), complete ration silage provided without the addition of L. plantarum starter (T1), and complete ration silage provided with the addition of L. plantarum starter (T2). Ration was formulated isocaloric and isoprotein (CP 13%, TDN 65%). The results showed that the consumption of NFE, the concentration of propionic acid, butyric acid and blood glucose before and post feeding was not significantly different, whereas the concentration of acetic acid, the ratio of C2:C3 and methane production was significantly different (P<0,05) among treatments. The concentration of acetic acid of treatment T0, T1 and T2 was 36.52, 28.86, and 32.43 mM, respectively. Methane concentration was 19.95, 16.08, 17,55 mM, respectively for T0, T1, T2 and glucose concentration was 45.50, 70.30, and 53.24 mg/dl, for treatment T0, T1, T2, respectively. In conclusion, provision of silage ration complete which was provided with or and without L. plantarum starter was much better compared to control ration, (concentrates with elephant grass)
Carcass and Muscle Distribution of Male Kacang Goat from Intensive Fattening with Different Initial Weight
Get PDFKacang Goat is one of Indonesian native livestock having high potency of production that have to be preserved, especially in South Sulawesi. The purpose of this study was to evaluate carcass percentage of commercial cuts as well as muscle distribution of male kacang goat under intensive fattening system with different initial body weight. Twenty one male of kacang goats were randomly divided into three groups according to their initial body weight. The experiment was carried out according to completely randomized design consisted of three treatments (age group) and seven replications for each treatment. The animals were reared under intensive fattening system for three months. At the initial period of the experiment, each goat was weighed to obtained the initial body weight. At the end of the experimental period, each animal was weighed to obtain the slaughtered weight of each animal. Following the slaughter, carcass processing was performed for each animal. The carcass and carcass cuts then were weighed. The results of study showed that animals having a heavier initial body weight grew faster, had higher carcass percentage, and had lower non carcass percentage.The growth of male kacang goat muscle was evenly distributed
Performances Analysis of Exports and Imports of Livestock Commodities in South Sulawesi
Get PDFThis research aim was to evaluate performance of South Sulawesi Province in the implementation of export and import of livestock commodities using such indicators asthe value of export and import, the share value of export, trade balance and ratio. The study was conducted in the Department of Industry and Trade, the Center Statistics Agency, and the Customs and Excise Duty of Makassarusing a combinaton of interview method and literature review.Research results showed that export import performance has improved as indicated by an increase export volume andvalue of livestock commodities, a decrease import volume and value of livestock commodities.The positive trade balance was an indicator of trade domination of livestock commodities, and fluctuated ratio of trading with a tendency to increase. One aspectthat did not show an improvement compared to other non-oil export value of South Sulawesi was export share of livestock commodities
The Use of Vegetable Waste Silage Supplemented with Mineral and Alginate as Feeding for Sheep
Get PDFThe aim of the experiment was to find the most appropriate supplement for sheep fed on vegetable waste silage–based diet to produce better weight gain. Sixteen male local sheep (average body weight of 13.27+2.82 kg ) were randomly divided into four groups according to completely randomised design. Each group received one of four treatments i.e. T0 (50% field grass + 50% concentrate), T1 (50% silage of vegetable waste + 50% concentrate), T2 (T1 diet + mineral Zn 20 ppm, Cr 2 ppm), and T3 ( T2 diet + 1% alginate). After two weeks of preliminary period, sheep were subjected to 12 weeks of observation. In general, the vegetable waste silage based diet (T1,T2, T3) resulted in better crude protein (CP) intake and weight gain than the T0 diet. Each treatment of T0, T1, T2, and T3 resulted in Protein consumption of 36,48 ; 45,81 ; 53,59 ; 40,75 g, and weight gain of 75; 105; 121; 109 g/day, respectively. Mineral supplementation (T2) resulted in higher rates of weight gain and feed efficiency compared to the mixed mineral and alginate supplementation (T3), therefore leading to the conclusion that only Zn and Cr mineral supplementation is needed for the vegetable waste silage used as sheep ruminant feed
The Effect of Age and Duration of Fasting on Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chicken
Get PDFThe research was conducted to evaluate the effect of age and duration of fasting on performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chicken. One hundred and eight day old chick of broiler Cobb SR 707 were randomly assigned into floor pen (0.5 m x 1.0 m x 0.8 m), in which each pen was filled with four chicks. The experiment was performed in a factorial arrangement (3 x 3) according to completely randomised design with three replication for each treatment combination. The first factor was duration of fasting, i.e. 0 h (control), 2 h (12.00-14.00 p.m.), and 4 h (11.00 a.m to 15.00 p.m). The second factor was the age of chicks when fasting was introduced, i.e. 2, 3 and 4 weeks, respectively. The result of study indicated that fasting program up to 4 h daily begin at 2 weeks of age did not alter broiler performance. Similarly, carcass characteristics, especially carcass percentage, carcass cuts and abdominal fat were not affected by fasting program. Under the research condition, fasting program did not increase the farming efficiency of broiler chicken