Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Peternakan
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The Effect of Steaming and Length of Storage on Physical Characteristics of Turtle Dove Feed
Get PDFThe purpose of research was to investigate the influence of steamed preconditioning the pellet on water content, water activity (Aw), physical appearance and pellet fineness. The experiment was carried out in 2 x 3 factorial arrangement according to completely randomized design with 3 replications for each treatment combination. The factor A is the pellet-making process (steam/MBS and non steam/MBNS), while factor B is the length of storage (0, 2 and 4 weeks). The parameters observed were water content, water activity, physical appearance and pellet fineness. Data were analyzed by STASTS program version 2.6 and followed by Multiple Range Test if the treatments were significant. The results showed that treatment with MBS or MBNS and the length of storage did not affect physical appearance (colour, smell and taste) of the pellet. MBS treatment significantly reduced water contents of pellet compared with MBNS treatment (12.04 vs 11.45%) and significantly increased water activity (0.75 vs 0.80). The length of storage (0, 2 and 4 weeks) increased water content of pellet, i.e. 10.84, 12.02 and 12.47%, respectively. In conclusion, steamed preconditioning treatment (MBS) reduced water content and increased water activity of pellet, while the length of storage significantly increased water content and water activity but reduced pellet fineness
Effect of Mengkudu Leaf Extract on Blood Profile of Quail Starter
Get PDFThe research was designed to evaluate the effect of addition of mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia) leaf extract as antibacteria of Salmonella typhimurium in drinking water during starter period (1-4 weeks) on blood profile of Japanese quail. Mengkudu leaf extract obtained from the leaves of Morinda citrifolia, which are dried, then boiled in water for 26 minutes with ratio between dried leaf and water 1:1. A completely randomized design (CRD) was used to analyze the data obtained from this research. Two hundred and fourty Day Old Quails with average body weight 7,73-8,08 g were divided into 4 treatment groups with 3 replications and 20 quails in each replicate. The treatments were R0 (quail drink was given multi-vitamin), R1 (quail drink was given 5% of mengkudu leaf extract), R2 (quail drink was given 10% mengkudu leaf extract) and R3 (quail drink was given 15% mengkudu leaf extract). The haematological parameters observed were erythrocyte number, haemoglobin level, haematocrit, and leucocyte number. The result of the research showed that the erythrocyte number, haemoglobin level, hematocrit and leucocyte number were not significantly different (P>0,05) for all treatments. Although the statistical parameters of the observations due to treatment not give significantly different results, but when viewed from the average parameters, treatment containing 15% mengkudu leaf extract (R3) gives the best results. Because it can increase hemoglobin levels, leukocyte count and blood hematocrit values were within the normal range for quail. So that 15% mengkudu leaf extract (R3) in drinking water can be used as alternative herbal feed additive instead of antibiotic
Effects of Application of Mycorrhizal Fungi on the Growth and Dry Matter Production of Elephant Grass cv. Mott under Drought Stress
Get PDFResearch has been conducted to determine the effect of mycorrhizal fungi on growth and dry matter production of elephant grass cv. Mott in drought stress conditions. This study was designed factorially based on completely randomized design consisting of 4 levels of mycorrhizal (0 g, 4 g, 8 g and 12 g), four levels of drought stress (watering every day, every 3 days, every 5 days and every 7 days) and 3 replications for each treatment combination. Based on the statistical analysis and discussion, it can be concluded that the growth and dry matter production elephant grass is strongly influenced by the amount of water available for plants. Giving mycorrhizal up to the level of 12 g does not yet give a significant impact on the growth and production of elephant grass cv. Mott
DRY MATTER YIELD AND COMPETITIVENESS OF ALANG-ALANG (Imperata cylindrica) AND GUINEA GRASS (Panicum maximum) IN INTERCROPPING
Get PDFThe objectives of this experiment were to determine dry matter yield and competitiveness of alang-alang (Imperata cylindrica) and guinea grass (Panicum maximum) in intercropping. The experiment was arranged in factorial combinations of four planting proportions, two levels of nitrogen fertilization and three harvesting intervals with three replications. Planting proportions were 0, 33.3, 66.7, and 100% of alang-alang (planting densities of 0, 1, 2 and 3 plants/pot) combined with 100, 66.7, 33.3, and 0% of guinea grass (planting densities of 3, 2, 1 and 0 plants/pot). The plants fertilized with nitrogen fertilizer at the doses of 0 and 250 kg/ha and harvested at intervals of 30, 45 and 90 days. Results of experiment showed that as planting proportion of alang-alang increased in the mixtures, total dry matter yield of mixed plants decreased. N fertilization increased dry matter yield in both species, but guinea grass was more responsive than alang-alang. Regardless of planting proportion and nitrogen fertilization, increasing harvest interval decreased dry matter yield of guinea grass – alang-alang mixture. Intercropping system gave substantially higher yield advantage over sole cropping in terms of land equivalent ratio with the maximum value achieved when guinea grass – alang-alang mixture planted at the ratio of 2 : 1, fertilized with N and harvest monthly. In intercropping system, guinea grass appeared to be the dominant crop as indicated by its higher values of relative crowding coefficient and positive sign of aggressivity index. It reflects that guinea grass grown in association with alang-alang utilized the resources more aggressively than when alang-alang grown alone
Factors Affecting Participation level on extension of dairy farmer in Enrekang Regency
Get PDFFarmers’ participation in agricultural extension can improve the relevancy between extension services and the farmer needs. There are many factors that may affect farmers’ participation in agricultural extension. The aim of this study was to understand characteristic influence and perception of farmers onto extension towards level of farmer participation in agricultural extension. Method applied was non experimental design survey with structural equation model analysis and analysed using Lisrel 8,3 application. The number samples were which were obtained from two areas, 103 that divided by two area, central area 57 samples and non central area 46 samples. Exogenous variable was farmers’ characteristics and endogenous variable were farmers’ perception and level of farmers’ participation in agricultural extension. The analysis of structural model indicated that farmers’ characteristics negatively correlated with farmers’ perception to agricultural extension in which the higher levels of age, cosmopolite, and formal education. Similarly, farmers’characteristics negatively affected either directly or indrectly farmer participation, meaning the the higher levels of age, formal education, and cosmopolite the lower participation level on the extension. Effects of perception on participation was significantly negative, indicating that the higher perception the higher participation in the extension. Quality of extension services e.g. extension materials, method used, and capacity of extension officers must be improved. Current extension services can only meet the needs of young farmers. The more complex the farmers’ needs the more unlikely the extension to meet famers’ needs
Relationship between Farm Scale and Broilers Farmers Income based on the Partnership system in Maros Regency
Get PDFThe study aimed to determine the relationship between scale of business and income of broiler breeders involved in partnerships. This study was carried out from April to December 2013 in Maros Regency, South Sulawesi Province. This research was descriptive quantitative using primary and secondary data obtained through observation and interviews. The population of the study was all the breeders who involved in partnership in Maros Regency, totaling 73 breeders. Forty two samples were withdrawn from the population and were grouped according to the business scale, namely <3500 birds, 3500-6500 birds, and > 6500 birds per farmer, respectively. Data were analyzed descriptively using the formula π = TR - TC , in which π = Net income (IDR/period). Results of study showed that the scale of business did not affect the income of broiler breeders who do partnerships. To increase the income of farmers, the partner company should pay attention to other factors rather than just the besides scale of the broiler farmers
Lipid Deterioration in Broiler Ration Containing Crude Palm Oil (CPO) with Addition of Garlic (Alium sativum) and Cumin (Cuminum cyminum Linn.) as Natural Antioxidant During the Storage
Get PDFoai:ojs.unhas:article/658One disadvantage of crude palm oil (CPO) as a feedstuff is its property of rapidly being rancid, and thus could decrease quality and palatability of ration. To over come the problem, an antioxidant is needed to prevent lipid deterioration. The aim of this research was to prevent lipid deterioration in broiler ration containing CPO using garlic and cumin as antioxidants. The experimental run in a factorial arrangement according to completely randomized design with 2 factors and 3 replications for each treatment combination. The first factors were either A1= control ration, A2= control ration + 0.2% garlic, A3= control ration + 0.4% garlic, A4= control ration + 0.6% garlic, A5= control ration + 0.02% BHT or B1= control ration, B2= control ration + 0.2% cumin, B3= control ration + 0.4% cumin, B4= control ration + 0.6% cumin, B5= control ration + 0.02% BHT. Butyl hidroksitoluena (BHT) is a synthetic antioxidant. The second factors were duration of storage, i.e. P1= 0 week, P2= 2 weeks, P3= 4 weeks. Parameters observed were water content, fat content and free fatty acid content of the ration. The results of the experiment indicated that use of both antioxidant garlic and cumin decreased (P<0.05) free fatty acid content and fat content, but the former did not affect water content as the later did. The best ration was ration containing either 0.6% garlic or 0.4% cumin as an antioxidant which was indicated by a decrease in free fatty acid and lipid contents so that could slow down lipid deterioration in the ration. Use of garlic 0.6% or cumin 0.4% was better compared with the use of BHT 0.02%. Results also indicated that storage time affected (P<0.01) parameters in terms of increasing water content, free fatty acid content, and decreasing fat conten
THE EFFECTS OF FEEDING DIETS CONTAINING SEA-GRASS ON THE FINAL BODY WEIGHT, CARCASS PERCENTAGE, AND ABDOMINAL FAT OF BROILERS
Get PDFThis study was carried out to investigate the effects of feeding diet without sea-grass (control) and diets containing sea-grass (4.5% Euchema cottonii or 4.5% Gracillaria verucosa) on final body weight, carcass percentage and the abdominal fat of broilers. Fifty-four 1-day-old SUR-707 unisex broiler chicken, were randomly placed into 18 cages and fed isocalorie-isoprotein diets containing 4.5% of two different sea-grass sources (Eucheuma cottonii or Gracilaria verrucosa) and control. Parameters observed were production performance of broiler. Body weight was measured by the live weight of the birds at 42 days, end of study period. After slaughtering, birds were processed for carcass weight. Abdominal fat as part of waste was measured by weight and carcass percentage was expressed as the ratio of carcass weight and final body weight times 100%. The results showed that treatments had no significant effects (P>0.05) on all parameters. Although the differences were not statistically different, the results showed numerical differences for all parameters. In conclusion, sea-grass treatments have a tendency to produce higher carcass percentage and lower abdominal fat than diet without sea-grass (control)
The Influence of Cattle Breeder Caracteristics on Their Involvement in the Farmer Group in the Rural Area
Get PDFThe aim of this research was to study the influence of cattle breeder caracteristics which consisted of age, education, and breeding experience on their involvement in the farmer group in the rural area. This research was conducted in Bone Regency, South Sulawesi. Population in this research was all of beef cattle breeders in that regency whether they already involved in the group or not. The total number of the sample was 88 farmers. The experiment used descriptive statistics to analyze characteristics of the breeders and multiple regression analysis to examine the influence of breeders’ caractersitics on their involvement in the farmer group. The results of this study indicated that age and education influenced their involvement on farming group in the rural area and positively correlated, while experience in breeding did not have a significant effect (P>0.05). This implies that the older the breeder and the higher education they have, the higher their awareness to be involved in the farmer group
The Effect of Adding Fish Oil sunflower seed oil in the produce of yogurt from skim milk on Cholesterol Level of Mice (Mus musculus)
Get PDFThis study aims to look at the effect of adding fish oil and sunflower seed oil in the produce of yogurt from skim milk as unsaturated fatty acids that can lower blood cholesterol levels are tested on mice (Mus musculus). Materials research is skim milk, lamuru fish oil, sunflower seed oil, starter plain yogurt Lb.delbrueckii subps. bulgaricus, penoptalin 1%, NaOH 0.1 N and experimental animals. Experimental animals used were 27 mice (Mus musculus) which 2-3 month old male and weighing 25-30 gr. This study used a complete randomized design (CRD) factorial 3 x 3 x 3 with the first factor is the percentage of fish oil (0%, 1%, 2%), and the second is the percentage of sunflower seed oil (0%, 1%, 2%). The results showed that the addition of fish oil and sunflower seed oil does not affect percentage of yogurt lactic acid, but very real effect on cholesterol of mice. Reduction of cholesterol levels of mice that is best mice given yogurt with the addition of 2% and 2% fish oil sunflower seed oil