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Acercamiento al estado del arte sobre la revisión de textos académicos.
Get PDFThis article examines the state of the art regarding the revision of academic texts at different levels of formal education and in some disciplinary domains. The purpose is to analyze fifty studies of the Spanish-speaking and English-speaking contexts of the last 20 years to describe the research outlook in this sense, with the idea, at the same time, of ??hatching a reflection on writing in the classroom starting from the question: How do students learn to write? With this in mind, the exploratory systematic review protocol is followed, reason why bibliometric variables are defined: databases, year and type of publication, journal, authors, institution and language. Besides, the corpus of texts is grouped into four categories: the review from a cognitive approach (8 papers), from a sociocognitive approach (15 papers), from a sociocultural approach (16 papers) and from an epistemic approach (11 papers). Such analysis allows evidence of an evolution in research on academic writing. It is concluded, on the one hand, that there is a need to transform the revision of texts into a subject of inquiry in the field of elementary, middle and high school education, since 70% of the findings studied are carried out at higher education levels. On the other hand, it is confirmed that the revision of texts constitutes an object of analysis that offers multiple possibilities to work in the classroom.Este artículo examina el estado de la cuestión sobre la revisión de textos académicos en los diferentes niveles de escolaridad formal y en algunos dominios disciplinares. El propósito es analizar medio centenar de investigaciones de los contextos hispanohablante y anglosajón de los últimos 20 años para describir el panorama investigativo en este sentido, con la idea de tejer una reflexión, a su vez, sobre la escritura en el aula de clases a partir de una pregunta: ¿Cómo aprenden a escribir los estudiantes? Con ello en mente, se sigue el protocolo de revisión sistemática exploratoria; razón por la que se definen variables bibliométricas: bases de datos, año y tipo de publicación, revista, autores, institución e idioma, y se agrupa el corpus de textos en cuatro categorías: la revisión desde un enfoque cognitivo (8 trabajos), la revisión desde un enfoque sociocognitivo (15 trabajos), la revisión desde un enfoque sociocultural (16 trabajos) y la revisión desde un enfoque epistémico (11 trabajos). Tal análisis permite evidenciar una evolución en las investigaciones sobre escritura académica. Se concluye, de un lado, que existe la necesidad de transformar la revisión de textos en tema de indagación en el ámbito de la educación primaria, secundaria y media, pues el 70% de las pesquisas estudiadas se llevan a cabo en niveles de educación superior. De otro, se confirma que la revisión de textos constituye un objeto de análisis que ofrece múltiples posibilidades de trabajo en el salón de clases
Procesos autorregulatorios en profesorado de secundaria durante las clases online por covid-19.
Get PDFThe aim of this research was to analyze the self-regulatory processes in teachers during online classes in the covid-19 pandemic time. A quantitative approach and a cross-sectional descriptive-correlational design were used. Eighty-four secondary school teachers of Special Education whose average age was 30 years participated. The scale of teachers' self-regulatory processes, which was validated in the target sample, was used. The results obtained from the application of the instrument showed that the teachers agreed that during the COVID-19 pandemic, when they prepare the classes they consider the characteristics of their students, they participate in the classes with enthusiasm, their goal as teachers is to improve their students' learning, they self-manage to use time effectively, and at the end of the class, they try to determine whether they have achieved their objectives or not. It was also evidenced that the older the teachers are, the more they have control over their emotions and deploy strategies to seek help when they need it. In conclusion, it is evident that the self-regulatory processes of secondary school teachers of the specialty of Special Education during the pandemic have been deployed in their teaching practice, as well as the sociodemographic variables, both sex and age, are significant in explaining the levels of self-regulation.Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar los procesos autorregulatorios en profesorado durante las clases online producto de la pandemia de Covid-19, en cuanto a su descripción, relación con la edad y diferencias entre los diferentes procesos. Se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo y diseño descriptivo-correlacional de corte transversal. Participaron 84 profesores de Educación Diferencial de secundaria cuyo promedio de edad era 30 años. Se utilizó la escala de procesos autorregulatorios docentes Teacher Self-Regulation Scale (Capa-Aydin et al., 2009), la cual estaba validada en la muestra objetivo. Los resultados obtenidos revelaron que durante la pandemia de Covid-1, el profesorado considera las características de sus estudiantes para planificar; participa de las clases con entusiasmo; su meta es mejorar el aprendizaje del estudiantado; autogestiona el tiempo; y evalúa si ha alcanzado sus objetivos o no. Además, existe correlación entre la edad con el control emocional y la búsqueda de ayuda. Y el tercer resultado muestra diferencias según sexo en la dimensión Autoinstrucción. En conclusión, se evidenció que los procesos autorregulatorios del profesorado de educación secundaria de la especialidad de Educación Diferencial durante la pandemia se handesplegado en su ejercicio docente; así también las variables sociodemográficas sexo edad son significativas en la explicación de los niveles de autorregulación
La necesidad de la contingencia Sobre la realidad efectiva en la ciencia de la lógica de Hegel:
Get PDFFor Hegel, the supreme performance of thought consists in finding a terrain in which the primary dimensions of reality become evident. In this way, he develops one of his most interesting approaches in the Science of Logic, namely, effective reality. This article elaborates this view of reality by carefully commenting on what Hegeldevelops therein. At the end, he shows that absolute reality is both differentiation into existing multiplicities and inversion of that contingency into absolute necessity, i.e., it sets itself as contingent in order to recover itself in necessity.Para Hegel, el rendimiento supremo del pensamiento consiste en hallar un terrenoen el cual se pongan en evidencia las dimensiones primarias de la realidad. Por esta vía consigue desarrollar uno de sus planteamientos más interesantes en la Ciencia de la lógica, a saber, el concepto de realidad efectiva. Este artículo elabora esa visión de la realidad comentando cuidadosamente lo que Hegel desarrolla allí. Al final muestra que la realidad absoluta es a la vez diferenciación en multiplicidades existentes e inversión de esa contingencia en absoluta necesidad, es decir, se pone como contingente para recuperarse a sí misma en la necesidad
La introducción del espíritu en la filosofía heideggeriana
Get PDFThe central question of the present article focuses on the extent and scope of the transformation of Heideggerian methodics, insofar as the question of being must openup to the possibility of the political in the 1930s. This reworking of certain practicalaspects of his thought happens for Heidegger largely through a specific mode of treatment of the concept of spirit that begins to take shape in his famous rectorate speech, where the geistig appears as a fundamental structure of the project that begins to be set in motion, and which is consolidated, precisely, in the seminar Hegel, On the State that gives rise to this analysis. It will be argued, throughout this article, thatthe spirit, categorically rejected in Being and Time in view of its temporal status, is transformed in the development of Heideggerian metapolitics into the essential nexus between Dasein and people.La pregunta central del presente artículo se centra en el grado y alcance de la transformación de la metódica heideggeriana en la medida en que la cuestión del serdebe abrirse a la posibilidad de lo político en la década de los 30. Esta reelaboración de ciertos aspectos prácticos de su pensamiento sucede para Heidegger en gran parte a través de un modo específico de tratamiento del concepto de espíritu que comienza a tomar forma en su famoso discurso del rectorado donde lo geistig aparece como una estructura fundamental del proyecto que se empieza a poner en marcha y quese consolida, precisamente, en el seminario Hegel, Sobre el Estado que da pie a este análisis. Se planteará a lo largo de este artículo que el espíritu, tajantemente rechazadoen Ser y tiempo en vistas a su status temporal, se transforma en el desarrollo de la metapolítica heideggeriana en el nexo esencial entre Dasein y pueblo
Metafísica del exterminio: consideraciones decoloniales en torno a la crítica de Theodor W. Adorno de la identidad y la construcción abyecta de la alteridad
Get PDFThe modification of dialectics proposed by Adorno’s approach displays an immanent critique of the identifying principle that emerges from the conflict between the somatic component and the concept, between identity and non-identity. This is essential to understand domination as second nature in modern/colonial social economic formations. In this paper, we propose, first of all, to critically examine the relationships of alterity that structure the experience of the political within modernity/coloniality, and the sociohistorical configuration of subjectivity. Secondly, from a decolonial approach to Adorno’s analytical horizon, we explore the constellation of ideological mechanisms linked to the identity principle that are condensed in colonial alterity, and, that, as we expose in this analysis, finally converge in a metaphysics ofextermination, where the particular is subsumed by the universal, which is carried out as a matrix of domination in which the experience of the abject and the stereotyping processes that structure the symbolic and racial construction of America are articulated.La modificación de la dialéctica que propone el planteamiento de Adorno despliega una crítica inmanente del principio identificatorio que emerge del conflicto entre componente somático y concepto, entre lo idéntico y lo no idéntico. Elloresulta fundamental para comprender la dominación como segunda naturaleza en lasformaciones económico-sociales modernas/coloniales. En este trabajo proponemos,en primer lugar, examinar críticamente las relaciones de alteridad que estructuran laexperiencia de lo político al interior de la modernidad/colonialidad, y la configuración de la subjetividad en términos sociohistóricos. En segundo lugar, se explora, desde un abordaje decolonial del horizonte analítico de Adorno, la constelación de mecanismosideológicos vinculados al principio identitario que se condensa en la alteridad colonial,y que, como exponemos en este análisis, convergen finalmente en una metafísica del exterminio, en donde lo particular resulta subsumido por lo universal, y, que se efectualiza como una matriz de dominación en la que se articulan la experiencia de lo abyecto y los procesos de estereotipia que vertebran la construcción simbólica y racial de América
Clima organizacional, satisfacción laboral y burnout en el personal administrativo en la Universidad Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión
Get PDFObjective: To determine the correlation between the organizational climate, job satisfaction and burnout in the administrative staff of the Daniel Alcides Carrión National University.
Methodology: The research was designed as a quantitative study applied with a correlational approach. A cross-sectional non-experimental design was used, since the measurements of the variables were made at a single time. The study population corresponded to a total of 430 employees of the Daniel Alcides Carrión National University, which is why a simple random sampling was applied, with a confidence level of 95 % and a margin of error of 5 %, which allowed to determine a sample of 157 employees. For data collection, the survey technique was applied, therefore, three questionnaires were designed as instruments, one for each variable, with a Likert-type response scale. In the case of the Organizational Climate variable, this was based on three dimensions, namely: a) Recognition, b) Teamwork and c) Innovation, which helped to configure a total of 15 items to be evaluated. For the Job Satisfaction variable, it was based on three dimensions, which were: a) Job satisfaction, b) Satisfaction with remuneration and c) Satisfaction with the physical environment, constituting in turn 15 items to be evaluated, while for the Burnout variable, three dimensions were considered: a) Personal exhaustion, b) Depersonalization and c) Demotivation, for a total of 15 items to be evaluated. The questionnaires were subjected to a validity process according to the opinion of experts, who considered that they were suitable in their construction for application, in addition a pilot test was applied with a sample of 85 participants, who were not part of the one included in the study, which allowed to determine that these instruments had an internal consistency of Cronbach's Alpha of 0.97, 0.95 and 0.89 for the organizational climate, job satisfaction and burnout variables respectively. The data were systematized in an Excel spreadsheet to perform the descriptive statistical analysis, using measures of central tendency to check the frequency and behavior of the variables. Then, the SPSS version 22 program was used to perform inferential statistical calculations. the distribution of the normality of the data was statistically verified using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, since the number of the sample was greater than fifty. For the determination of the correlation between the variables, the Spearman rank correlation coefficient was used, because the sample presented a non-normal distribution. The significance of the correlation was established by a level of p<0.05 for hypothesis testing.
Results: The results showed that between the Organizational climate variable and the Recognition dimension there is an average level of satisfaction (61.14 %), 35.67 % showed a high level of satisfaction and 3.19 % a very high level of satisfaction. Between the Organizational climate and the Teamwork dimension, a result of 2.23 was obtained, which indicates a perception that there is good teamwork. Regarding the Organizational climate and Innovation, it was found that 52.23 % of employees almost always feel stimulated to innovate, 33.12 % always feel motivated to innovate and 14.6 5 % sometimes feel that motivation. With respect to the variable Job Satisfaction and the dimension satisfaction with work, it was obtained that 60.5 % feel indifferent with respect to job satisfaction and 39.5 % are satisfied. For the Satisfaction with Remuneration dimension, 36.4 % of employees feel indifferent about their remuneration, 39.8 % feel satisfied and 13.1 % feel very satisfied with their remuneration. Regarding the dimension Satisfaction with the physical environment, 38.8 % declared themselves indifferent with respect to this dimension, 23.2 % feel satisfied and 0.8 % of the sample feel very satisfied with the physical environment. With respect to the Burnout variable and the Personal exhaustion dimension, 47.13 % of the employees presented a high level of personal burnout, 33.12 % revealed to have an average level of burnout and 19.75% showed a very high level of burnout. As for the aspect of Depersonalization, the results showed that the majority represented by 85.35% has a very high level of depersonalization, only 0.64 % presented a high level of depersonalization and 14.01 % presented an average level of depersonalization. As for the Demotivation dimension, it was obtained that 30.57 % of employees showed an average level of demotivation, while 69.43 % of workers showed a high level. Finally, the results revealed a positive and significant correlation (Spearman's Rho = 0.299) between organizational climate and job satisfaction. Likewise, a weak negative correlation (-0.153) was observed between organizational climate and burnout. In relation to the organizational climate and burnout variables, a weak negative correlation was observed with a coefficient of -0.153. While for the variables job satisfaction and burnout, a correlation coefficient of -0.024 was observed very close to zero.
Conclusion: There is a positive and significant correlation between organizational climate and job satisfaction, and a negative and significant correlation between organizational climate and burnout, suggesting that a better organizational climate is associated with higher satisfaction and lower burnout in workers. This relationship highlights the importance of promoting a positive and conducive work environment to improve the job satisfaction of administrative staff. The need to focus on recognition as an essential component to promote greater job satisfaction is highlighted, it is also observed that teamwork and innovation are key aspects that contribute to the favorable organizational climate at the university. These conclusions emphasize the importance of implementing policies and practices that promote recognition, teamwork and the promotion of innovation as strategies to improve job satisfaction and prevent burnout in administrative staff. It is also highlighted that at higher levels of organizational climate, lower levels of administrative staff are observed, which is why it is important to create a healthy work environment and support the emotional well-being of employees to prevent job burnout. Ultimately, the relationship between organizational climate, job satisfaction and burnout are a multidimensional dynamic that requires a holistic approach. By continuing to research and apply effective approaches to improving the work climate, organizations can cultivate an environment where employees feel valued, motivated, and able to contribute meaningfully. Doing so will not only benefit the workers and the organization, but also set a higher standard for well-being in the overall work environment.Objetivo: Determinar la correlación entre el clima organizacional, la satisfacción laboral y el burnout en el personal administrativo de la Universidad Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión.
Metodología: Esta investigación se diseñó como un estudio cuantitativo aplicado con un enfoque correlacional, no experimental transversal. La población de estudio correspondió a un total de 430 empleados de la Universidad Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, razón por la cual se aplicó un muestreo aleatorio simple, con un nivel de confianza de 95 % y un margen de error del 5 %, que permitió determinar una muestra de 157 empleados. Para la recolección de datos se aplicó la técnica de la encuesta, por lo tanto, se diseñaron tres cuestionarios como instrumentos, uno por cada variable, con una escala de respuesta tipo Likert. Los datos fueron sistematizados en una hoja de cálculo Excel para realizar el análisis estadístico descriptivo, empleando medidas de tendencia central para comprobar la frecuencia y comportamiento de las variables
Resultados Los resultados obtenidos revelaron una correlación positiva y significativa (Rho de Spearman = 0,299) entre las variables “Clima organizacional” y la “Satisfacción laboral”. Asimismo, se observó una correlación negativa débil (-0,153) entre las variables “Clima organizacional” y el “Burnout”. Con relación a las variables “Clima organizacional” y “Burnout”, se observó una correlación negativa débil con un coeficiente de -0,153. Mientras que para las variables “Satisfacción laboral” y “Burnout”, se observó un coeficiente de correlación de -0,024 muy cercano a cero.
Conclusión: Existe una correlación positiva y significativa entre clima organizacional y satisfacción laboral, y una correlación negativa y significativa entre clima organizacional y burnout, lo que sugiere que un mejor clima organizacional se asocia con mayor satisfacción y menor burnout en los trabajadores. Esta relación resalta la importancia de promover un entorno de trabajo positivo y propicio para mejorar la satisfacción laboral del personal administrativo
Editorial 54
No full textEste dossier tiene como origen el coloquio titulado “Contra la barbarie del hombre, el mayor bien de la cultura escrita: jesuitas en la América española”, que realizamos en la sede del Instituto de Investigaciones Dr. José María Luis Mora en la ciudad de México a fines de noviembre de 2019. En dicho evento se reunieron trabajos dedicados al estudio de las antiguas bibliotecas de la Compañía de Jesús, entre ellas la de Pátzcuaro y la de Querétaro, las lecturas naturalistas del jesuita Miguel Venegas, las características de los impresos que los jesuitas produjeron en Lima y México entre los siglos XVI y XVII, la biblioteca que el jesuita Tomás Nieto Polo trasladó a América en el siglo XVIII, las compras de libros para la provincia novohispana, el estudio de un particular manuscrito jesuita. De esas investigaciones presentadas en ese evento únicamente una fue integrada en este dossier. La razón parece simple, pero no lo es y se puede ejemplificar con los trabajos dedicados al estudio de las bibliotecas jesuitas de Pátzcuaro y Querétaro
¿Afecta la conciliación trabajo-familia a la satisfacción laboral y el compromiso organizacional?
Get PDFThe objective of this research is to analyze the work-family reconciliation variable and how it affects job satisfaction and organizational commitment in a sample of 197 workers from the Concepción Health Service Department (Chile). Regarding the statistical analysis, the descriptive analyzes of the sociodemographic variables and the organizational behavior variables under study were carried out. Then, the structural equation models were elaborated, which will allow us to analyze hypotheses of cause-effect relationships, being in this study the work-family the reconciliation is the independent variable, and the rest the dependent variables. Among the results, it is highlighted that the work family reconciliation explains almost 70% of the variability of job satisfaction, which means that the perception that employees have of the benefits provided by the company contributes strongly to better job satisfaction.Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la variable “conciliación trabajo-familia” y cómo afecta a la satisfacción laboral y el compromiso organizacional en una muestra de 197 trabajadores de la Dirección del Servicio de Salud Concepción (Chile). En lo que respecta al análisis estadístico, se realizaron los análisis descriptivos de las variables sociodemográficas y de las variables de comportamiento organizacional en estudio. Luego, se elaboraron los modelos de ecuaciones estructurales, los cuales permitirán analizar hipótesis de relaciones causa-efecto, siendo en este estudio la conciliación trabajofamilia la variable independiente y las demás las variables dependientes. Dentro de los resultados se destaca que la conciliación trabajo-familia explicacasi un 70 % de la variabilidad de la satisfacción laboral, lo que significa que la percepción que tienen los empleados de las prestaciones entregadas por laempresa contribuye fuertemente en una mejor satisfacción laboral
Adherencia terapéutica y factores asociados en pacientes de un programa de riesgo cardiovascular de Medellín (Colombia)
No full textIntroduction: Non-adherence to therapeutic regimens is a growing problem among patients at cardiovascular risk, posing a challenge in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of adherence and its association with demographic and clinical factors in a population of patients enrolled in a cardiovascular risk program at a public health institution in Medellin (Colombia) in 2017.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a population enrolled in a cardiovascular risk program at a public health institution providing primary and secondary care.
Results: A total of 288 patients, 57 % women, with an average age of 64 years (SD 14.4), were included in the study. 28.2 % of patients did not comply with pharmacological management instructions. Non-adherence was higher among patients with COPD. Being male and younger than 65 years old were associated with a higher prevalence of non-adherence.
Conclusion: The lack of adherence among patients in a cardiovascular program in a district of Medellin during the year 2017 was 28.2 %, and it was associated with male gender and being under 65 years old. Introducción: La no adherencia terapéutica es un problema creciente en pacientes con riesgo cardiovascular y representa un desafío en el tratamiento de las enfermedades cardiovasculares. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de adherencia y su asociación con factores demográficos y clínicos en una población de pacientes atendidos en un programa de riesgo cardiovascular de una institución pública de salud en Medellín (Colombia) durante 2017.
Metodología: Estudio transversal de una población de un programa de riesgo cardiovascular en una institución pública de salud de primero y segundo nivel de atención.
Resultados: Un total de 288 pacientes, 57 % mujeres, edad promedio 64 años (DE 14.4). El 28.2 % incumplió indicaciones del manejo farmacológico. La no adherencia fue mayor entre los pacientes con EPOC. Ser hombre y menor de 65 años se asoció a mayor prevalencia de no adherencia.
Conclusión: La falta de adherencia en pacientes de un programa cardiovascular en una comuna de Medellín durante 2017 fue del 28.2 %, se asoció con el sexo masculino y tener menos de 65 años