Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Peternakan Tropis
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Motilitas dan Viabilitas Spermatozoa Sapi Bali Polled dan Bertanduk pada Setiap Tahapan Proses Pembekuan
No full textABSTRAKSapi bali merupakan sapi yang dikembangkan, dimanfaatkan dan dilestarikan sebagai sumberdaya ternak asli. Saat ini telah dikembangkan populasi sapi bali polled. Sapi bali polled merupakan sapi bali yang tanduknya tidak bertumbuh secara alami. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui persentase motilitas dan viabilitas spermatozoa sapi bali polled dan bertanduk pada setiap tahapan proses pembekuan. Koleksi semen dilakukan dengan metode vagina buatan. Semen hasil koleksi selanjutnya dievaluasi secara makroskopik dan mikroskopik. Semen yang memenuhi persyaratan diproses lebih lanjut untuk dibekukan. Pejantan yang digunakan sebanyak 3 ekor polled dan 3 ekor bertanduk dengan umur 3,5 sampai 6 tahun. Parameter yang diamati meliputi motilitas dan viabilitas selama proses pembekuan sampai post thawing. Data yang diperoleh diuji dengan uji-t (sampel T-Test independen). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan nyata (p>0,05) antara sapi bali polled dan bertanduk terhadap persentase motilitas setelah pengenceran (63,33±1,92 vs 65,00±0,00). Namun, terdapat perbedaan yang nyata (p0.05) yaitu 81,94±4,05 vs 86,51±1,26 dan 72,80±6,80 vs 80,17±2,74. Namun, pada post thawing terdapat perbedaan yang nyata (p0.05) between polled and horned bali cattle on the percentage of motility after dilution (63.33 ± 1.92 vs 65.00 ± 0.00). However, there was a significant difference (p0.05), 81.94 ± 4.05 vs 86.51 ± 1.26 and 72.80 ± 6.80 vs 80.17 ± 2.74. However, there was a significant difference in post thawing (p<0.05), 56.95 ± 3.74 vs 72.55 ± 2.00. It can be concluded that the percentage of motility and viability of spermatozoa of polled bali cattle is lower than horned.Keywords: motility, polled bali bull, horned bali bull, spermatozoa, viabilit
Manajemen Strategis Usaha Peternakan Melalui Metode Force Field Analysis dan Rekomendasi Kebijakan
No full textABSTRAK Manajemen strategis difokuskan pada proses penetapan tujuan organisasi, pengembangan kebijakan, perencanaan untuk mencapai sasaran, mengalokasikan sumber daya untuk menerapkan kebijakan, serta merencanakan pencapaian tujuan organisasi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk memproyeksikan manajemen strategis usaha peternakan melalui metoda force field analysis: melalui rekomendasi kebijakan. Penelitian dilakukan di Peternakan Al-Fatih yang merupakan peternakan semi modern dengan sistem syari’ah di Kabupaten Bondowoso Provinsi Jawa Timur. Data diperoleh dengan cara Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dan wawancara secara mendalam (in-depth interview) dengan narasumber utama (key informan). Analisis data menggunakan metode Force Field Analysis (FFA) berdasarkan faktor pendorong (D) dan faktor penghambat (H). Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa faktor pendorong pengembangan subsektor peternakan ialah bibit murah dan kualitas genetik bagus, adaptasi bibit terhadap kondisi lingkungan, transparan dan kepercayaan mitra, harga penjualan stabil, potensi eduwisata dan unit pengolahan limbah, serta rekrutmen tenaga kerja muda, sedangkan faktor penghambat pengembangan subsektor peternakan ialah Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) peternak mitra, modal usaha, daging impor dan sapi bakalan impor, penyakit ternak, dan belum memiliki unit bisnis pengolahan. Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor pendorong (D) memiliki nilai lebih kecil jika dibandingkan dengan faktor penghambat (H), maka rekomendasi kebijakan yang diusulkan ialah menguatkan sistem agribisnis peternakan menuju sistem agroindustri peternakan.Kata Kunci: faktor pendorong, faktor penghambat, agribisnis, agroindusri, peternakan sya’riahStrategic Management of Livestock Business Through Force Field Analysis Method and Policy RecommendationsABSTRACT Strategic management is focused on the process of setting organizational goals, developing policies, planning to achieve goals, allocating resources for implementing policies, and planning for achieving organizational goals. The research aims to project the strategic management of livestock business through force field analysis method: through policy recommendations. The research was conducted at Al-Fatih Farm, which is a semi-modern farm with the syari'ah system in Bondowoso Regency, East Java Province. Data obtained by means of Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and in-depth interviews (with key informants). Data analyzed by Force Field Analysis (FFA) method based on driving factors (D) and inhibiting factors (H). The results showed that the driving factors for the development of the livestock subsector were cheap breed and good genetic quality, adaptation of breed to environmental conditions, transparency and partner trust, stable selling prices, potential for education farm and waste treatment unit, and recruitment of young workers, while the inhibiting factor for the development of the livestock subsector was Human Resources (HR) of partner farmers, business capital, imported meat and imported beef cattle, livestock diseases, and do not yet have a processing business unit. The conclusion of the research shows that the driving factor (D) has a greater value when compared to the inhibiting factor (H). The proposed policy recommendation is to strengthen the livestock agribusiness system towards the livestock agro-industrial system.Keywords: driving factors, inhibiting factors, agribusiness, agroindustry, sya'riah livestoc
Quality of Food Products Chicken Crepes
No full textChicken meat is a good source of protein, because it contains complete essential amino acids. Utilization of chicken meat in the manufacture of gluten-free crepes to increase economic value and as a source of protein that can be used as a functional snack for people with gluten intolerance. The purpose of this study was to determine the best quality of gluten-free chicken crepes in terms of organoleptic values and the best treatment using chicken meat and to determine the functional groups of the best treatment crepes. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) method consisting of 4 treatments and 4 replications, namely treatment P0 the use of chicken meat by 20%, P1 the use of chicken meat by 25%, P2 the use of chicken meat by 30%, P3 the use of chicken meat by 35%. The results showed that the use of chicken meat with different proportions had a very significant effect (p0.05) on the organoleptic taste. Organoleptic characteristics with a crunchy texture to very crispy, dark yellow to bright yellow, slightly chicken-scented to chicken-scented, slightly savory to savory taste and can be accepted by consumers. The conclusion of the study was that he use of more chicken meat can improve the organoleptic quality (taste and aroma) of gluten-free chicken crepes, but decrease the organoleptic quality (texture, color and acceptance) of gluten-free chicken crepes. The best treatment of gluten-free chicken crepes was P1 with the use of chicken meat by 20%. FTIR absorption band indicates the presence of amide compounds present in chicken crepes, and has 15 kinds of amino acids consisting of 9 essential amino acids and 6 non-essential amino acids and has a saturated fatty acid (SFA) of 2.8%, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) 2.27% and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) 0.79%.Keywords: crepes, chicken meat, quality produc
Antimicrobial activity of plantaricin IIA-1A5 on whey growth medium againts Pseudomonas aeroginosa: a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) study
No full textThe study aimed to understand antimicrobial properties of plantaricin derived from L. plantarum IIA-1A5 and its inhibitory mechanism against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 under SEM (scanning electron microscopy) observation. The inhibition of microbial growth was evaluated according to diameter of inhibitory zone. Scanning electron microscopy was then applied to observe the microstructure. The diameter of antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 reached 6.52 mm in whey medium and 8.45 mm in whey+ medium (added with sucrose, tryptone and yeast extract). The experimental result clearly demonstrated the inhibition Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. Observation by SEM suggested that the antimicrobial activity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 related destruction of cellular morphology. The cell membrane was destroyed as indicated by the release of nucleic acid and reduction of membrane potential. In short, our experiment provided meaningful evidence on the future use of plantaricin IIA-1A5 as food preservative through disruption of cellular membrane causing leading to cell dying.Keywords: Plantaricin, Lactobacillus plantarun, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, antimicrobial activit
Forage Animal Feed Productivity in Bowi Subur Village, Masni District, Manokwari Regency, West Papua Province
No full textABSTRACT Forages are an integral part of ruminant production, therefore it is necessary to calculate the potential for forages at the ruminant farm. Aerial photo applications are used to make it easier to calculate forage land capacity and forage productivity. The objectives of this study were to determine the potential of the botanical composition of forages, calculate the capacity of forage land, and determine the productivity of forages. Based on the results of the study, mapping was carried out using satellite imagery in Bowi Subur Village, Masni District which has an area of 2,200 ha with a known forage area of 26,894.38 ha m-² with a production of 203,408.5 kg m-2 of fresh material and production dry matter of 61,755.61 kg m-2. The results of vegetation types in forages there are 22 types. Forage land in Bowi Subur Village has a fairly high diversity of vegetation. The type of vegetation with the highest percentage is weeds at 57.69%, grass with a percentage of 30.77%, and legume species with the lowest number at 11.53%. The low productivity of forages can result in livestock's low body weight because the forage's nutritional needs are not fulfilled optimally.Keywords: forages, legumes, livestock, weed
The Potential of Natural Antioxidants as Feed Additives on the Quantity and Quality of Quail Products
No full textThe demand for Japanese quail products continues to increase because they contain a good nutrient source for human health. There is an increase in environmental pollution where quail is susceptible to Pb exposure even in an intensive rearing system. Heavy metal Pb can accumulate in several body tissues, causing oxidative stress and tissue damage, affecting bird health, and impacting production performance and product quality. This review aimed to discuss the potential and mechanism of natural antioxidants as feed additives in Japanese quail on the quantity and quality of their products. Alpha-lipoic acid and Yucca schidigera in feed reduced Pb residues in body tissues by increasing the body's antioxidant system and chelating activity. Phenolic compounds are plants' most significant group of compounds belonging to natural antioxidant compounds. Phenolic compounds in turmeric, ginger, pomegranate peel, thyme, cinnamon, seaweed, and moringa seeds in feed increase the quantity or quality of eggs by protecting the reproductive organs, liver, and digestive tract from oxidative damage and improving the function of these organs to egg formation. Phenolic compounds in cinnamon, thyme, peppermint, and oyster mushrooms in feed improved meat quality by preventing lipid and protein oxidation in muscles. Using natural antioxidants as feed additives in Japanese quail can reduce Pb residues, increase egg quantity and quality, and improve meat quality with different mechanisms of action according to the source of natural antioxidants and their intended use
Protein Quality of Starter Phase Kalosi Chicken Feed with the Addition of Black Soldier Fly Larvae and Indigofera zollingeriana
No full textThe study aimed to determine the protein quality of the starter phase of free-range chicken feed added with BSF larvae and Indigofera zollingeriana. The ration materials used were commercial feed, yellow corn, rice bran, coconut cake, NaCl, maggot flour, Indigofera flour, CaCO3, premix, turmeric, and L-lysine, DL-methionine, H2SO4, and NaOH. The study used quantitative descriptive analysis by comparing the protein quality and amino acid composition in commercial feeds. The composition of the research ration was P0 = commercial feed, P1 = basal diet + 5% Indigofera flour + 25% maggot flour + 2.5% turmeric flour, P2 = basal diet + 10% Indigofera flour + 20% maggot flour + 2.5% turmeric powder. The results obtained chemical scores, namely P0 (amino acid cysteine = 65.52%), P1 (methionine = 71.79%), and P2 (cysteine = 68.97%) with methionine and cysteine as limiting amino acids. The essential amino acid index values were P0 = 127.96, P1 = 129.62, and P2 = 114.52. the study concluded that the combination of P1 treatment (basal ration, 5% Indigofera flour, 25% maggot flour, and 2.5% turmeric flour) could be used as poultry feed to optimize protein requirements in feed.
Keywords: amino acid, amino acid score, chemical score, essential amino acid inde
The Quality Of Ponorogo Chicken Satay Circulating In Malang City
No full textThe purpose of this study was determine the quality of Ponorogo chicken satay circulating in Malang City. This research method used was a laboratory experimental using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with 3 treatments and 4 replications. The parameters were observed physical quality, chemical quality, and PAH (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons). Data analysis used Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), if the data showed a significant difference, it was continued using the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) and descriptive of PAH (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons). The results of the analysis of variance showed that the physical quality of Ponorogo chicken satay circulating in Malang City had no effect/ no significant difference (P>0.05) on pH, WHC, cooking loss, moisture content, protein content while fat content had a significant difference (P<0.05) and analysis of PAH (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) showed not detected. The quality of Ponorogo chicken satay circulating in Malang City still meets the requirements or safety standards for the consumption of chicken satay.Keywords: Ponorogo chicken satay, Malang City, physical quality, chemical quality, and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH)
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF TRADITIONAL MEAT SHREDDED
No full textThis research purpose to analyze the chemical quality of shredded beef in the city of Malang with several types of shredded in different production codes and based on the shelf life. The material used several types of shredded with different production codes and repeated based on the shelf life. The method used an observative completely randomized design (CRD) with 12 treatments and 3 replications. The data obtained were analyzed used analysis of variance (ANOVA), if there were significant differences, it was continued with Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The parameters are moisture content, fat content, thiobarbituric acid, water activity and oil absorption The result of this research is various types of shredded from several brands has very significant differences (p<0.01) in all of parameters.The highest moisture content, fat content, thiobarbituric acid, water activity and oil absorption is 6.373% , 30.483% , 1.787 Mg MA/kg, 0.504, 77.967% while the lowest moisture content, fat content, thiobarbituric acid, water activity and oil absorption 8%, 15.349%, 0,877 Mg MA/kg, 0.494, 23.733%.The conclusion of this study is that most of the various types of traditional processed beef shredded have good quality based on Indonesian National Standard in terms of chemical properties and physical characteristics
Effects of Mangosteen Peel Extract Microcapsules Supplemented in Diets on Intestinal Characteristics and Malondialdehyde of Cihateup Duck
No full textThe aim of this study was to examine the effect of supplementation of mangosteen peel extract microcapsule which was encapsulated using maltodextrin from sugar palm starch (MPEM) on intestinal characteristics, and malondialdehyde of Cihateup duck. This study used 140 male Cihateup ducks, which were divided randomly into 7 groups of cages with different feed treatments. The T1 treatment consisted of only basal rations. The T2 treatment contained basal rations added with 50 ppm bacitracin. The treatment of T3 to T7 consisted of basal rations added by MPEM at the doses of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5%, respectively. Data on intestinal characteristics, and malondialdehyde level were analyzed using a completely randomized design and if there were significant differences, further testing using DMRT method was performed. The results showed that MPEM treatment had a significant effect (