Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Peternakan Tropis
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Supplementation of Silkworm Pupae Meal on Productivity and Quality of Lohmann Brown Chicken Eggs
No full textProtein is known as the most expensive nutritional component of chicken feed, reaching 15% of the cost of feed, compared to other components. Silkworm pupae are an industrial waste of silk yarn spinning which has the potential as poultry feed with the advantage of containing 48%-60% crude protein and 18 amino acids. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Bombyx mori silkworm pupae supplementation on the productivity and physical quality of Lohmann Brown laying hens aged 60-72 weeks. The research material was B. mori silkworm pupae meal mixed in the ration. The research method used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments, namely P0 (ration + 0% silkworm pupae meal), P1 (ration + 3% silkworm pupae meal) and P3 (ration + 6% silkworm pupae meal). Each treatment consisted of 5 replications with 3 chickens in each replication. The variables observed included the productivity and physical quality of laying hens. The results showed that the addition of silkworm pupae meal by 6% in the ration significantly increased (P<0.5) egg production, feed consumption, feed conversion and egg quality, especially shell weight (g)
Quantitative Traits of Muscovy Duck (Cairina moschata) in Ciayumajakuning, West Java, Indonesia
No full textBiological characteristics covering qualitative and quantitative traits are essential to study phenotypic characteristics in livestock farming. This research investigates the quantitative attributes of Muscovy duck in Ciayumajakuning (Cirebon, Indramayu, Majalengka, and Kuningan Regency), West Java, Indonesia. Observations were conducted on 673 Muscovy ducks aged six months using a survey method with a sample selection of multistage probability stratified random sampling. Data analysis uses univariate and multivariate discriminant analysis. The quantitative data shows that the body size of a drake is more significant than the duck. Drake from Cirebon has a close kinship with Drake from Majalengka and Kuningan, but they have a distant relationship with Indramayu Muscovy ducks. Duck from Cirebon has a close kinship with ducks from Indramayu and Majalengka, but they have a distant relationship with ducks from Kuningan. It is concluded that the quantitative traits of the Muscovy duck in Ciayumajakuning are diverse.
Keywords: Quantitative Traits, Muscovy duck, Ciayumajakunin
Income Analysis of Cattle Business Integrated With Rice Farming in Semangga District, Merauke Regency, Indonesia
No full textIntegration efforts generally have the main goal of increasing the production and productivity of both cattle and rice plants. Increased production and productivity will be in line with the increase in the income of farmers and will ensure the sustainability of the agribusiness system activities. The main objective of implementing integration is to increase cattle and rice plant production. The increase in production will correspond to an increase in the income of farmers and breeders, ensuring the sustainability of the agribusiness system. The purpose of this quantitative research was to evaluate the income of the cattle business integrated with rice farming. The method used was a survey with Stratified Random Sampling technique and the location chosen was Semangga because it is one of the districts in Merauke Regency with the highest rice production where the majority of the farmers integrate cattle and rice farming businesses. In this research, the population consisted of farmers as well as breeders who work together. Primary and secondary data were employed with income analysis followed by R/C Ratio analysis. In conclusion, the cattle business integrated with rice farming has the potential to be a commercial business because it can increase farmers' income by IDR 34,434,752 within one year with an R/C of 1.90.Keywords: cattle, income, integration, rice busines
Eco-printing Leather Quality in Different Mordant Methods
No full textThe leather coloring technique using the eco-printing method is carried out by transferring the colors and motifs of plants on the leather media by direct contact. This process requires mordant to maximize the color. The use of mordant is done in 3 ways, namely mordant is done at the beginning (pre-mordanting), mordant is done simultaneously (meta-mordanting), and mordant is done at the end (post-mordanting). This study aims to determine the quality of eco-printing leather with the implementation of different mordant methods. The research materials were 16 pieces of sheep’s crust leather. The research treatment was using various mordant methods, namely pre-mordanting, meta-mordanting, and post-mordanting. Colorfastness, tensile strength, elongation, tear strength, flexibility, and fracture resistance were among the eco-printing leather qualities evaluated. The research was carried out in an experimental setting using a completely randomized design. To conclude, the best mordant method was carried out at the beginning of the eco-printing process on leather media (pre-mordanting), where the quality of eco-printing leather obtained of 5.44±0.968 mm, crack resistance (distance) of 8,78±0.97 mm, the tensile strength of 1743.64 ±45.26 N/cm2, leather elongation of 55.15±10.26 %, tear strength of 268.24±132.49 N/cm, sewing strength of 1247.12± 649.91 N/cm, colorfastness of wet rubbing rated 4 (good), and dry rub of 4 (good).Keywords: quality, eco-printing leather, crust leather, mordant technique, tanned leathe
Management Practices and Development Opportunities for Intensive KUB Chicken Farming in Bengkulu, Indonesia
No full textThis study aimed to asses good poultry production practices of intensive native chicken farming and feasibility of development program in Seluma Regency from September to November 2021. A census on 14 native chicken farms in Seluma regency was conducted. The farm’s owners and the poultry men were interviewed for demographic, socio-economic and poultry production practices information.To compare the existing technology with the required Technical Guidelines of KUB chicken farming technology provided by IAARD, data was analyzed using descriptive approaches with qualitative and quantitative methodologies.Farmers, DOC producers, and research team members participated in a focus group discussion (FGD) to discuss the potential for intense native chicken farming (KUB) development in Seluma regency, Bengkulu province. Observation, survey data, and things mentioned in the FGD were used to evaluate KUB's good farming practices. Results showed that KUB farming was conducted by productive young farmers, and the farmers do not rely upon farming only but also other. professions. Housing types applied were stage and cage. When the chickens reached body weight of 0,8kg or more, they are sold. The weekly demand for DOCs is an average of 1,100 chickens, namely 400 KUB chickens and 700 Joper chickens. Evaluation technology adopted on poultry production revealed that appropriate technology applied to support the farming practices in Seluma regency.
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) in Goat's Milk Kefir Against Pathogenic Microbes
No full textThe purpose of this study was to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of goat milk kefir. This research was conducted from November to December 2021 at the Laboratory of Animal Products Technology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Universitas Brawijaya. The analysis of the results of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) test results was carried out at the Biomedical Laboratory, University of Muhammadiyah Malang. The method used is a laboratory experimental method using a factorial completely randomized design (CRD) with 2 factors, a storage time and concentration. Treatment length of storage consisted of P0 (long storage day 0), P1 (long storage day 7), P2 (long storage day 14), and P3 (long storage day 21). Concentration treatment consisted of K0 (50% concentration), K1 (25% concentration). K2 (Concentration 12.5%), K3 (Concentration 6.25%), and K4 (Concentration 3.10%). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results of the analysis showed that the treatment of storage time and concentration showed a very significant difference (P>0.01) on the average MIC and MBC of goat's milk kefir during storage at refrigerator temperature (0-4°C) in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi. The MIC of goat's milk kefir against Staphylococcus aureus was 12.5% on Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi 6.25%. While the MBC of goat's milk kefir against Staphylococcus aureus is 50%, Escherichia coli is 50% and 25%, and Salmonella typhi is 50%, 25%, and 12.5%.Keywords: Kefir, Goat’s Milk, MIC, MBC, Pathogenic Microbe
Analisis Ekonomi Peternakan Ayam Broiler pada Perusahaan Kemitraan di Kabupaten Kebumen Provinsi Jawa Tengah
No full textABSTRAKSalah satu indikator keberhasilan usaha peternakan ayam broiler yaitu perolehan keuntungan dan keberlanjutan usaha. Untuk mengetahui perolehan keuntungan dan keberlanjutan usaha ternak, diperlukan suatu perhitungan analisis ekonomi usaha peternakan ayam broiler. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur produktivitas ekonomi peternak grade 1 yang menggunakan full closed house dan grade 2 yang masih menggunakan semi closed house. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode sensus terhadap 80 peternak ayam broiler yang tergabung dalam perusahaan kemitraan inti-plasma di Kabupaten Kebumen, Jawa Tengah. Analisis ekonomi terdiri dari perhitungan total biaya, pendapatan, penerimaan, R/C Rasio, rentabilitas, BEP harga dan BEP produk serta payback period selama satu tahun pemeliharaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat perbedaan produktivitas ekonomi peternak grade 1 dan peternak grade 2 di perusahaan kemitraan di Kabupaten Kebumen. Peternak grade 1 menghasilkan produktivitas ekonomi yang lebih baik di bandingkan peternak grade 2. Rataan total biaya yang dikeluarkan peternak grade 1 yaitu Rp32.528,00 per ekor ternak, penerimaan Rp36.055,00 per ekor ternak, pendapatan Rp3.896,00 per ekor ternak, R/C rasio 1,12, rentabilitas 45,45%, BEP harga Rp16.305/Kg dan BEP ekor 22.968. Rataan total biaya yang dikeluarkan peternak grade 2 yaitu Rp32.154,00 per ekor ternak, penerimaan Rp34.775,00 per ekor ternak, pendapatan Rp2.933,00 per ekor ternak, R/C rasio 1,08, rentabilitas 35,35%, BEP harga Rp16.495/Kg dan BEP ekor 12.148.Kata Kunci: Titik Impas, pendapatan, penerimaan, rasio R/C Economic Analysis of Broiler Farming under Company-Farmer Integration Partnership in Kabupaten Kebumen, Central Java Province ABSTRAKOne indicator of the performance of a broiler farming business is the level of profits and business sustainability. Economic analysis is needed to assess the profitability of the broiler farming. This research aimed to compare the economic performance of grade 1 and grade 2 broiler farming under company-farmer partnership. Grading is determined based on the housing quality. Grade 1 use full closed house whereas grade 2 use semi closed house. The study was conducted using the census method on 80 broiler farmers of a company-farmer partnership in Kabupaten Kebumen, Central Java. The economic analysis was conducted on total costs, revenues, total income, R/C ratios, profitability, price Break Even Point (BEP) and product BEP and payback period based on one year recording. Research showed that grade 1 farmer have a better economic performance as compared to grade 2 farmer. Average total cost of Grade 1 farmer was Rp32.528,00 per bird, revenue of Rp36.055,00 per bird, and average income of Rp3.896,00 per bird, R/C ratio of 1,12, rentability of 45,45%, price BEP of Rp16.305/Kg and product BEP of 22.968 birds. Additionally, the average total cost of grade 2 farmers were Rp32.154,00 per bird, revenue of Rp34.775,00 per bird, income of Rp2.933,00 per bird, R/C ratio of 1,08, rentability of 35,35%,; price BEP of Rp16.495/Kg and product BEP of 12.148 birds.Keywords: Break Even Point, Revenue, Income, R/C rati
Quality of Goat's Milk Rich in Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (PUFA) Pasteurized at Different Heat Temperatures Treatment
No full textABSTRACTGoat's milk has superior nutritional content, fat and protein in goat's milk are easier to digest, and the vitamin B1 content is higher than cow's milk. The body can utilize goat's milk containing PUFA n-3 as a functional food that is very beneficial for the body's health. The characteristics of goat's milk are rich in nutrients and contain long-chain saturated fatty acids, making goat's milk easily rancid and prone to microorganism contamination. The first treatment that can prevent goat milk spoilage is heating or pasteurization. The purpose of this research was to determine the quality of goat's milk rich in polyunsaturated fatty Acid (PUFA) pasteurized at different heat temperatures treatment. The goat’s milk was pasteurized at 80°C for 15 minutes (treatment P1), pasteurized at 90°C for 10 minutes (treatment P4), pasteurized at 100ºC for 15 seconds (treatment P4), and raw milk as a control. The variables measured were sensory quality (color, smell, and taste) and chemical content (protein, fat, and lactose). The research was done by completely randomized design, then the data collected were analyzed using analysis of variance followed by Duncan's New Multiple Range Test. The results showed that the protein content in PUFA-rich goat's milk significantly decreased at 100 oC for 5 seconds, while fat content, lactose, color, odor, and the taste did not change.Keywords: Goat’s milk, pasteurization, milk quality
Potency of Bioactive Compound of Cassava Leaf Paste to Support Physiological Performance of Quail
No full textCassava leaf paste is an alternative substance in supporting the physiological performance of quail. Cassava leaf paste contains nutritional compositions such as water, ash, crude protein, crude fiber, fat, and carbohydrate. Cassava leaf paste has high crude protein and low crude fiber. The content of β-carotene and chlorophyll in cassava leaf paste has the ability as an antioxidant. Cassava leaf paste also contains phytochemicals such as flavonoids, saponins, tannins, sitosterol, and stigmasterol. The concentration of phytochemical has slightly higher flavonoid content, moderate tannins and saponins, and high sitosterol and stigmasterol. These phytochemicals act as antioxidants, antimicrobials, anti-inflammatory, improve the immunomodulatory system and reduce cholesterol. In addition, cassava leaf paste contains macro minerals such as P and Ca, as well as microminerals (Fe, Cu, Mn, and Zn). These minerals act as an antioxidant increases nutrient absorption, enhances immune response, and take part in mineralization during eggshell formation. Cassava leaf paste also has low levels of cyanide. Based on the nutritional content, phytochemicals, macro and micro minerals, and cyanide acid, cassava leaf paste has the potential to increase the physiological performance of quail
The Effect of L-Arginine Supplementation on the Quality of Frozen Goat Semen
No full textVarious attempts have been made to maintain the quality of semen by using diluents that are added with appropriate antioxidants to protect spermatozoa from cold shock and maintain the quality of spermatozoa, while the addition of antioxidants in the diluent is useful for suppressing free radical reactions. One of the substances that can be added to cement thinner is L-Argine. The mechanism of action of L-Argine is the same as that of an antioxidant, which is useful in inhibiting free radicals. Nitric Oxide contained in L-Arginine is an antioxidant so that it can inactivate superoxide produced by spermatozoa during the oxygen consumption process. Shelters were carried out 2 times a week with the artificial vaginal method, with 10 shelters during the study. The semen that will be used for research has a minimum individual motility requirement of 70% and a minimum mass motility of ++. The variables observed in this study were abnormalities, intact plasma membrane and intact acrosome cap on observations before freezing and post thawing. The results of the analysis of variance showed that L-Arginine supplementation had no significant effect (p>0.05) on abnormalities in the pre-freezing and post-thawing observations, L-Arginine supplementation had a significant effect (p<0.05) on the integrity of the plasma membrane and acrosome cap. on observation before freezing and post thawing.Keywords: abnormalities, antioxidants, L-Argine, spermatozo