Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Peternakan Tropis
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Perbandingan Daya Tunas, Daya Tetas, dan Karakteristik Kuantitatif Ayam KUB dengan Ayam Kampung (G1)
No full textABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan daya tunas, daya tetas dan karakteristik kuantitatif ayam KUB dengan ayam kampung (G1) sampai umur 3 bulan. Materi yang digunakan 315 butir telur dan 174 ekor ayam per galur dengan Metode penelitian eksperimen. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi daya tunas, daya tetas, bobot badan, dan pertambahan bobot badan serta ukuran-ukuran tubuh. Data bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan, dan ukuran-ukuran tubuh dianalisis menggunakan uji-t, sedangkan vektor rataan ukuran-ukuran tubuh dianalisis menggunakan uji T2-Hotelling. Penciri bentuk dan ukuran tubuh dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Komponen Utama. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa daya tunas ayam KUB dan ayam kampung yaitu 82,86% dan 81,59%, sedangkan daya tetas yaitu 71,26% dan 69,65%. Karakterisitik kuantitatif ayam KUB berbeda nyata p<0,05) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan ayam kampung. Penciri ukuran tubuh ayam KUB dan ayam kampung adalah lingkar dada, sedangkan penciri bentuk tubuh adalah panjang tubuh atas dan panjang sayap. Respon seleksi Ayam KUB dan ayam kampung yaitu 7 gr dan 9,3 gr. Kesimpulan: Ayam KUB dan ayam kampung memiliki daya tunas dan daya tetas yang relatif sama. Karakteristik kuantitatif ayam KUB lebih baik dibandingkan dengan ayam kampung. Ayam KUB dan ayam kampung memiliki respon seleksi yang positif.Keywords: Ayam KUB, ayam kampung, G1, respon seleksiComparison of Fertility, Hatchability and Quantitative Characteristics between KUB Chicken and Kampung Chicken (G1)ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the comparison of fertility, hatchability, and quantitative characteristics of KUB chickens with kampung chickens (G1) 3 months of age. The material used is 315 eggs and 174 chickens per strain and using experimental methods. The data collected fertility, hatchability, body weight, body weight gain, and body measurements. Data on body weight, weight gain, and body measurements were analyzed using a t-test, while the mean vector of body measurements was analyzed using test T2-Hotelling. Body shape and size characteristics were analyzed using Principal Component Analysis. The results of this study showed the fertility of KUB and kampung chicken is 82.86% and 81.59%, while the hatchability is 71.26% and 69.65%. The quantitative characteristics of KUB chickens are significantly (p<0,05) higher than those of kampung chickens. The body size characteristics of KUB and kampung chickens are chest circumference, while the shape characteristics are back length and wing length. The selection response of KUB and kampung chicken is 7 g and 9.3 g. Conclusion: KUB chickens and kampung chickens have fertility and hatchability relative same. The quantitative characteristics of KUB chickens are better than of kampung chickens. KUB and kampung chickens have a positive selection response.Keywords: KUB chickens, kampung chickens, G1, selection response
Deteksi Gen Penyandi Resistansi blaTEM, blaSHV, dan blaCTXM pada Pseudomonas aeruginosa Ayam Petelur di Kabupaten Cianjur, Jawa Barat
No full textABSTRAKPseudomonas aeruginosa merupakan bakteri oportunistik patogen yang mampu meninfeksi bagi hewan dan manusia. Resistansi terhadap banyak antibiotik memberikan tantangan yang cukup besar dalam pengobatan infeksi Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeteksi adanya resistansi antibiotik dan gen penyandi resistansi pada isolat bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa yang diisolasi dari peternakan ayam petelur di Kabupaten Cianjur, Jawa Barat. Sampel diisolasi dan identifikasi sebanyak enam puluh enam melalui usap kloaka. Sampel yang dikoleksi dilakukan kultur pada media selektif (MacConkey agar), dilanjutkan dengan uji mikroskopik, uji biokimia, dan dikonfirmasi dengan secara molekuler dengan polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Sampel yang positif diuji kepekaan terhadap antibiotik menggunakan metode Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion dan mendeteksi gen penyandi resistansi. Hasil penelitian 8 sampel bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa dilakukan uji kepekaan antibiotik menunjukkan tingkat resistansi terhadap golongan antibiotik beta laktam (ampisilin 75%) dan aminoglikosida (gentamisin 0%). Dekteksi gen penyandi resistansi secara berturut-turut menunjukkan gen blaTEM (100%), blaCTXM (100%) terdeteksi, sedangkan gen blaSHV tidak terdeteksi pada isolat yang diuji. Perlunya dilakukan penelitian lanjutan untuk mendeteksi sampel dari lingkungan, tempat air minum, pakan maupun karyawan di peternakan tersebut. Sehingga memeberikan informasi dan kajian ilmiah untuk pengaturan regulasi penggunaan antibiotik di peternakan.Kata Kunci: antibiotik, ayam petelur, gen resisten, Pseudomonas aeruginosaDetection of blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTXM Resistance Coding Genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Layer Chickens in Cianjur Regency, West JavaABSTRACTPseudomonas aeruginosa is a pathogenic opportunistic bacteria capable of infecting animals and humans. Resistance to many antibiotics presents considerable challenges in the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. This study aims to detect the presence of antibiotic resistance and genes encoding resistance in isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from laying hens in Cianjur Regency, West Java. Sixty-six samples were isolated and identified through cloacal swab. The collected samples were cultured on selective media (MacConkey agar), followed by microscopic tests, biochemical tests, and confirmed molecularly by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Positive samples were tested for susceptibility to antibiotics using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and detected genes encoding resistance by PCR. The results of the study of 8 samples of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria were tested for antibiotic sensitivity showing the level of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics (ampicillin 75%) and aminoglycosides (gentamicin 0%). The detection of resistance coding genes, respectively, showed that blaTEM (100%), blaCTXM (100%) genes were detected, while the blaSHV gene was not detected in the tested isolates. Further research is needed to detect samples from the environment, drinking water, feed and employees on the farm. So that it provides information and scientific studies to regulate the regulation of the use of antibiotics in livestock.Keywords: antibiotic, laying hens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, resistant gene
Polymorphism of IGF-1/RsaI and Carcass Percentage Variation in Sumba Ongole (SO) Cattle
No full textBeef cattle have a different carcass percentage according to the breed. The percentage of carcass in livestock is an important indicator to determine the potential for meat obtained from cattle. IGF-1 is a gene from the growth gene family which is known to have an influence on the percentage of carcass. A total of 445 samples of Sumba Ongole cattle (156 males and 289 females) were used for genotyping using PCR-RFLP. A total of 237 carcass percentage data were obtained in this study. Data were performed using POPGENE version 1.32 and Microsoft Excel for genetic data and descriptive statistics, respectively. The intensively reared cattle have a higher carcass percentage than the cattle that were reared traditionally. The IGF-1/RsaI in the SO cattle was polymorphic with two alelles (C and T) and three genotype (CC, TT, and CT) but has low values of heterozygosity. The C allele frequency was 0.0034 and T allele frequency was 0.9966. Further studies in larger population are needed to validate the IGF1/RsaI as a candidate genetic marker in the SO cattle
Factors Affecting the Self-ability of Cattle Farmers in Bioindustrial Agriculture in Jambi Province
No full textABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to analyze the level of self-ability of cattle farmers in bio-industrial agriculture based on the cattle-oil palm integration, and also to determine the factors influencing the self-ability. A total of 225 respondents from cattle farmers were selected as respondents using a multistage cluster random sampling technique. The level of self-ability of farmers was measured by a scoring system based on the five principles of beef cattle farms. Data analysis employed the multiple linear regression analysis. Results indicated that the self-ability of cattle farmers in the study area was categorized as moderate. The self-ability indicator in the high category was feed, and the indicator in the low category was cattle breed. Self-ability in terms of management and production facilities, prevention and treatment of disease, and marketing was in the moderate category. The level of self-ability of cattle farmers was affected significantly by the experience of raising cattle, the level of income, and the activities of farmers in farmer groups. The policy implication is the stock of cattle breed is easy to obtain by farmers, facilitating access to capital and empowering farmer groups.Keywords: bioindustry, cattle, farmer group, integration, oil pal
Increase in Body Dimensions of Post-Weaning Female Holstein Friesian Calves Due to the Use of Lactation Cow Concentrate by Calf Starter Substitution
No full textThe aim of the study was to analyze the increase in body dimensions of post-weaning female Holstein Friesian (HF) calves fed with lactation cow concentrate with different levels of calf starter substitution. The material was 4 post-weaning female HF calves aged 4-5 months, with an average weight of 101.38 ± 14.21 kg. The feed consisted of elephant grass, calf starter (CS), and lactation cow concentrate (LCC). The study used a Latin square design, with 4 concentrate treatments, i.e. P1 (75% CS and 25% LCC), P2 (50% CS and 50% LCC), P3 (25% CS and 75% LCC), P4 (100% LCC); and 4 replications in 4 periods (each period in 1 month). The concentrate was given 1% BW in the dry matter; elephant grass and drinking water were provided in a measurable ad libitum. The research parameters were the increase in body dimensions (heart girth (HG), body length (BL), and withers height (WH)). The treatments had no significant effect (p>0.05) on the increase in body dimensions, were P1 (HG = 2.31 cm/month, BL = 4.75 cm/month, WH = 1.95 cm/month), P2 (HG = 4.23 cm/month, BL = 4.38 cm/month, WH = 2.23 cm/month), P3 (HG = 4.60 cm/month, BL = 4.38 cm/month, WH = 2.35 cm/month), P4 (HG = 4,10 cm/month, BL = 3.48 cm/month, WH = 2.18 cm/month). It was concluded that with sufficient quality forage feed, giving 100% LCC to post-weaning female HF calves could result in an increase in body dimensions that was relatively the same as the substitution of CS (25-75%) in LCC as concentrate feed.Keywords: post-weaning female HF calves, body dimensions, calf starter, lactation cow concentrat
Evaluation of Nutritional Content and Physical Quality of Oil Palm Frond Silage with Different of Additive and Fermentation Length
No full textOil palm fronds can be used as a substitute for forage but are constrained by the high content of lignin and crude fiber. Various attempts have been made to reduce the content of lignin and crude fiber, such as adding additives with different curing times. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of additives and fermentation length on the physical quality and nutritional content of palm frond silage. Completely Randomized Design with factorial pattern (2 factors) with three replications so that there were 27 treatment units. Factor H is the additives: H1 10% of poultry manure); H2 5% of urea) and H3 10% of poultry manure + 5% of urea). N factor is fermentation length: N1, 7 days fermentation; N2, 14 days fermentation and N3, 21 days fermentation. Physical quality (texture, aroma, color, and presence of fungus) and nutritional content (crude fat, crude fiber, and crude protein) were the parameters measured in this study. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance, and if there were differences between treatments, it was continued with the Duncan Multiple Range Test. The results showed that the physical quality (aroma, presence of fungus and texture) and crude protein content were very significantly (P<0.01) influenced by the interaction between fermentation length and additives. Oil palm fronds silage which was the addition of 5% urea with a fermentation length of 7 days, gave the best results assessed from the crude protein content of 14.69%; the texture is dense, not lumpy, not slimy, crumbly (score 3.17); the aroma is not sour/not rotten (score 2.97) there are a few fungus (0.16%) are a few fun uses (0.16%) can be given as a ration for ruminants. Keywords: additives, poultry manure, oil palm fronds, nutritional content and physical qualit
Buffalo Potency Development Strategy in Magelang
No full textLivestock contributes to fulfilling the protein needs of the Indonesian people, but meat self-sufficiency is still far from being expected in Indonesia. Substitute products are needed to accompany beef in order to achieve meat self-sufficiency in Indonesia. The potential of buffalo as livestock needs to be optimized to support the achievement of meat self-sufficiency in Indonesia. It takes a strategy in planning the development of a comprehensive, effective, and efficient buffalo farm. This study aims to determine the population of buffalo and other ruminants in Magelang Regency and to analyze the strategy of developing buffalo farming in Magelang Regency. The research used the descriptive qualitative method. Data were analyzed using Location Quotients (LQ) modeling and the Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) matrix. The results show that the areas that have the potential as locations for buffalo development in Magelang Regency based on the highest LQ index are Bandongan District, Secang District, Mungkid District, Dukun District, and Muntilan District. The results of the strategy analysis in an effort to develop the potential of buffalo in Magelang Regency through a SWOT analysis are in quadrant I.Keywords: strategy, buffalo livestock, location quotient, SWO
Penggunaan Bawang Putih (Allium sativum L) sebagai Desinfektan pada Proses Penetasan Telur Itik
No full textABSTRAKRendahnya daya tetas telur dapat diakibatkan oleh kontaminasi mikroorganisme ke dalam pori-pori telur. Bawang putih (Allium sativum L) mengandung bahan aktif antibakteri dan antijamur yang berfungsi sebagai desinfektan alami untuk sterilisasi telur tetas. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi larutan bawang putih yang terbaik sebagai desinfektan untuk sterilisasi telur tetas itik. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan dan 5 kali ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari (A0) larutan bawang putih 0%, (A1)larutan bawang putih 5%, (A2) larutan bawang putih 10% dan (A3) larutan bawang putih 15%. 400 butir telur tetas itik Mojosari dibagi ke dalam 20 unit satuan percobaan, setiap unit percobaan menggunakan 20 butir telur. Hasil analisis ragam diperoleh bahwa konsentrasi larutan bawang putih sampai dengan 15% tidak berpengaruh terhadap fertilitas, daya hidup embrio, mortalitas embrio, dan daya tetas telur itik.Kata kunci: Bawang putih, daya tetas, fertilitas, Telur tetas ItikUse of Garlic (Allium Sativum L.) as a Disinfectant in the Hatching Process of Duck EggsABSTRACTThe low hatchability of eggs can be caused by the contamination of microorganisms into the egg pores. Garlic (Allium sativum L) contains antibacterial and antifungal active ingredients that function as natural disinfectants for sterilization of hatching eggs. This study aims to determine the best concentration of garlic solution as a disinfectant for sterilizing duck eggs. The study used a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments consisted of (A0) 0% garlic solution, (A1) 5% garlic solution, (A2) 10% garlic solution and (A3) 15% garlic solution. 400 Mojosari duck eggs were divided into 20 experimental units, each experimental unit using 20 eggs. The results showed that the concentration of garlic solution up to 15% did not affect fertility, embryo viability, embryo mortality, and hatchability of duck eggs.Keywords: garlic, hatchability, fertility, hatching duck egg
Spermatozoa Quality of Bali Cattle Following Sexing using Egg Yolk Tris Medium at Different Duration
No full textThe length of sexing duration may affect the quality of Bali cattle spermatozoa. This study aims to examine the effect of sexing duration on viability, motility and abnormalities of Bali cattle spermatozoa. This research has been carried out at Regional Technical Implementation Unit (RTIU) Center for Breeding and Animal Feed, Department of Food Crops and Livestock, Southeast Sulawesi Province. The material used was a bull of Bali cattle as a source of semen and spermatozoa to be evaluated. In this study, a completely randomized design (CRD) was used with 3 treatments and 6 replications. The treatments consisted of three different length of sexing duration namely 40 min. (P1), 50 min. (P2), and 60 min. (P3). The variables evaluated in this study included semen quality (volume, color, odor, consistency and pH) and spermatozoa (mass movement, concentration, percentage of motility, viability and abnormalities). The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and continued with the Least Significant Difference test (LSD test). The results showed that the average volume of Bali cattle semen obtained was 5,38 ml/ejaculate, semen color was milky white, odor was specific, consistency was viscous, pH was 6,3, spermatozoa concentration was 1,445 million/ml and mass movement was +++. Whereas the motility of spermatozoa in each treatment following sexing were 76,67% (P1), 68,23% (P2), and 60,00% (P3). The viability of spermatozoa after sexing were 93,42% (P1), 84,42% (P2), and 79,83% (P3). The abnormality of spermatozoa after sexing were 2,58% (P1), 2,67% (P2), and 2,67% (P3). Furthermore, the results of variance analysis showed that the length of sexing duration had a significant effect (P˂0.05) on the viability and motility of the Bali cattle spermatozoa, but did not significantly affect the sperm abnormalities of Bali cattle. The 40 min. (treatment P1) and 50 min. (treatment P2) of sexing duration resulted in better spermatozoa viability and motility of Bali cattle compared to 60 min. (treatment P3) of sexing duration.Keywords: abnormality, motility, sexing, spermatozoa, viabilit
Hubungan Kadar pH dengan Motilitas Individu dan Konsentrasi Spermatozoa Sapi Aceh
No full textABSTRAKSalah satu penunjang keberhasilan IB yaitu kualitas semen yang digunakan dan pengukuran pH merupakan salah satu indikator untuk mengetahui kualitas semen secara makroskopis. Tingginya konsentrasi dan motilitas spermatozoa akan menurunkan kadar pH semen akibat terbentuknya asam laktat dari sisa metabolisme. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui korelasi kadar pH dengan motilitas individu dan konsentrasi spermatozoa pejantan sapi Aceh. Materi penelitian yang digunakan berupa 2 ekor sapi Aceh dengan waktu penampungan semen selama 7 bulan di Balai Inseminasi Buatan Lembang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus dengan variabel penelitian berupa volume, warna, pH, konsistensi, motilitas massa, motilitas individu dan konsentrasi. Analisa data yang digunakan yaitu metode analisis korelasi regresi sederhana menggunakan software Microsoft Excel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan korelasi yang signifikan antara pH semen dengan motilitas individu (p<0.05) didapatkan nilai koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 7% dan nilai koefisien korelasi (r) -0.265 memiliki tingkat korelasi rendah dengan arah hubungan negatif. Serta terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antara pH semen dengan konsentrasi spermatozoa (p<0.01) didapatkan nilai koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 13.9% dan nilai koefisien korelasi (r) -0.373 memiliki tingkat korelasi rendah dengan arah hubungan negatif.Kata Kunci: motilitas individu, konsentrasi spermatozoa, korelasi ph, sapi acehThe Correlation between pH Levels with Individual Motility and Spermatozoa Concentration of Aceh BullsABSTRACTOne of the supporting factors for the success of AI is the quality of the semen used and the measurement of pH is one of the indicators to determine the quality of semen macroscopically. The high concentration and motility of spermatozoa will reduce the pH level of the semen due to the formation of lactic acid from metabolic wastes.This research was conducted to determine the correlation between pH levels with sperm motility and sperm concentration of Aceh bulls. The research used 2 Aceh bulls whose semen are stored within a period of 7 months at the Artificial Insemination Center Lembang. A research method is a case study with the observed variables of this research are volume, color, pH, consistency, mass motility, sperm motility and sperm concentration. The data analysis using correlation and regression analysis with Microsoft Excel as a software. The result shows a significant correlation between semen pH and sperm motility (p<0.05) with a determination coefficient value (R2) of 7% and the resulting correlation coefficient (r) of -0.265 had a low level of correlation with the direction of the negative correlation. Furthermore, there is a significant correlation between semen pH and sperm concentration (p<0.01) with a determination coefficient value (R2) of 13.9%, and the resulting correlation coefficient (r) of -0.373 has a low level of correlation with the direction of the negative correlation.Keywords: aceh bulls, pH correlation, Sperm motility, sperm concentratio