Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Peternakan Tropis
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Proteksi Protein Ampas Tahu dengan Crude Palm Oil (CPO) terhadap Degradasi Mikroba Rumen
Get PDFABSTRAKProtein ampas tahu memiliki kualitas yang baik, namun mudah didegradasi oleh mikroba rumen, sehingga membutuhkan perlindungan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk melindungi protein ampas tahu dari degradasi mikroba rumen. Penelitian dilaksanakan secara eksperimental dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Data yang terkumpul dilakukan analisis sidik ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Ampas tahu kering dicampur dengan menggunakan mikser secara merata dengan crude palm oil (CPO) sebanyak 0%, 10%, 20%, dan 30 % atau setara dengan 0% (P0), 4% (P1), 8% (P2), 12% (P3) dalam ransum. Kemudian ampas tahu tersebut digunakan sebagai konsentrat tunggal dalam ransum yang dicampur dengan rumput pada perbandingan 40:60, setelah itu dievaluasi secara in vitro. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa proteksi ampas tahu dengan CPO menghasilkan penurunan konsentrasi N-NH3 (P<0,05) dengan nilai yang terendah adalah 2,6 mM pada P3. Sementara itu proteksi CPO juga menurunkan nilai asam lemak terbang pada P3 dan semakin tinggi penggunaan CPO menghasilkan kecernaan bahan kering dan kecernaan bahan organik yang rendah (P<0,05). Kesimpulan, penggunaan CPO mampu memproteksi protein ampas tahu, namun dapat menurunkan asam lemak terbang dan kecernaan.Kata kunci: ampas tahu, crude palm oil (CPO), in vitro, protein, ruminansia ABSTRACT Tofu cake protein has good quality but is easily degraded by rumen microbes, so it needs protection. The research aims to protect the tofu cake protein from rumen microbial degradation. The study was conducted experimentally using a randomized complete design with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The data collected was analyzed for variance analysis and followed by Duncan's test. Dried tofu waste is mixed by using mixer evenly with crude palm oil (CPO) as much as 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% or equivalent to 0% (P0), 4% (P1), 8% (P2), 12% (P3) in the ration. Then that tofu cake was used as a single concentrate in the ration mixed with grass at a ratio of 40:60, after which it was evaluated in vitro. The results showed that the protection of tofu cake with CPO resulted in a decrease in N-NH3 concentration (P<0.05) with the lowest value being 2.6 mM at P3. Meanwhile, CPO protection also reduced the value of volatile fatty acids at P3 and the higher use of CPO resulted in low dry matter and organic matter digestibility (P<0.05). In conclusion, the use of CPO is able to protect the protein of tofu cake, but it can reduce volatile fatty acids and digestibility.Keywords: crude palm oil (CPO), in vitro, protein, ruminant, tofu cak
Estimasi Korelasi Genetik antara Bobot Lahir dengan Bobot Sapih pada Kambing Saburai di Sentra Pembibitan Kabupaten Tanggamus Provinsi Lampung
Get PDFABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui estimasi nilai korelasi genetik antara berat lahir dan berat sapih pada kambing saburai di Kabupaten Tanggamus. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juli-Agustus 2018, berlokasi di Sentra pembibitan kambing saburai di Kabupaten Tanggamus. Materi penelitian ini sebanyak data 136 indukan dan data 150 anakan kambing saburai. Metode penelitian yaitu survei menggunakan data recording dan kuesioner. Variabel yang diamati adalah berat lahir dan berat sapih induk, berat lahir dan berat sapih cempe, umur sapih, umur induk saat melahirkan, tipe kelahiran cempe, dan jenis kelamin cempe. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berat lahir dan berat sapih induk masing-masing adalah 3,10±0,47 dan 12,15± 2,29; berat lahir dan berat sapih cempe masing-masing adalah 3,25±0,48 dan 12,60± 2,77. Korelasi genetik berat lahir dan berat sapih di Sentra Pembibitan Kabupaten Tanggamus adalah 0,37. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah seleksi peningkatan bobot lahir akan meningkatkan bobot sapih kambing saburai.Kata kunci: bobot lahir, bobot sapih, kambing saburai, korelasi genetikABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the estimation of genetic correlation values of birth weights and weaning weights in Saburai goats in Tanggamus regency. The study was conducted in July-August 2018, located in the breeding area, Tanggamus Regency. The materials of research were data from 136 doe and 150 kids. The research was conducted by survey method using the recording data and questionnaire. The variables observed were birth weight and weaning weight of doe, birth weight and weaning weight of the kid, weaning age, doe’s age at parturition, birth type of kid, and sex of kid. The results of this study indicate that the average birth weight of doe was 3.10±0.47, the weaning weight of doe was 12.15±2.29, the birth weight of kid was 3.25±0.48, and weaning weight of kid was 12.60±2.77. It can be concluded that the estimation of genetic correlation between birth weight and weaning weight of saburai goat was high with score of 0.37. Selection on birth weight can increase weaning weight in saburai goat. Keywords: birth weight, weaning weight, saburai goat, genetic correlatio
Uji Resistensi Terhadap Beberapa Antibiotika pada Escherichia coli yang Diisolasi dari Kucing di Klinik Hewan Kota Bogor
Get PDFABSTRAKPermasalahan resistensi Antibiotika pada hewan kesayangan menjadi kendala kesehatan hewan di seluruh dunia. World Health Organisation (WHO) menyebutkan bahwa pada masa mendatang resistensi antibiotika akan menjadi tantangan yang terbesar dalam dunia kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur tingkat resistensi antibiotika terhadap Escherichia coli yang diisolasi dari kucing pada klinik hewan di Kota Bogor. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa resistensi Escherichia coli tertinggi terjadi pada golongan β-laktam (ampisilin 66% dan amoksisilin 60%) yang diikuti oleh golongan tetrasiklin (oksitetrasiklin 54% dan dosisiklin 24%), serta golongan kuinolon (enrofloksasin 38% dan ciprofloksasin 28%). Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi pertimbangan medis bagi praktisi hewan kesayangan dalam penggunaan antibiotika.Kata Kunci: Escherichia coli, klinik hewan, kucing, resistensi antibiotikaABSTRACTThe problem of antibiotic resistance in pets is obstacles to animal health throughout the world. World Health Organization (WHO) states that in the future, antibiotic resistance will become the biggest challenge in the health concern. This study aims to measure the level of Escherichia coli resistance to antibiotics which is isolated from cats on veterinary clinics in Bogor City. The results showed that the highest resistance of Escherichia coli occurred in the β-lactam group (ampicillin 66% and amoxicillin 60%) followed by tetracycline (oxytetracycline 54% and doxycycline 24%), and quinolone group (enrofloxacin 38% and ciprofloxacin 28%). This study is expected to become medical considerations for pet practitioners in the use of antibiotics.Keywords: animal clinic, antibiotic resistance, cats, Escherichia col
Keragaman Sifat Kualitatif pada Sapi Silangan PO dan Belgian Blue Menggunakan Analisis Komponen Utama
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of qualitative traits in PO, Belgian Blue and PO-Belgian Blue crosses using principal component analysis. The total samples of cattle used were 36 consisting of 8 heads Belgian Blue (4 males and 4 females), 17 heads Belgian PO-Belgian cross-breed (11 males and 6 females) and 11 PO heads (all females)). The diversity of qualitative traits observed were 17 characteristics namely plain body-color (WTP), combination body-color (WTK), horned (MT), humped (MP), sagging (MG), black tail tip color (WUEH), white tail tip color (WUEH), black eyelash color (WBMH), white eyelash color (WBMP), circle hair head (PRK), circle hair back (PRP), circle hair bracket (PRB), black nail color (WKH), nail color white (WKP), double muscle (PG), black muzzle (WMH) and white muzzle (WMP). Qualitative data were analyzed descriptively by calculating the proportion value, while the determinant variables of each breed were analyzed using the principal component analysis method (AKU) with the Minitab version 7 program. The results showed that the characteristics of qualitative traits in PO, Belgian Blue, and PO-Belgian Blue cross-breed cattle have a high diversity. PO and Belgian Blue cattle breeds can be clearly distinguished based on the characteristics of qualitative traits, whereas PO-Belgian Blue crossbred cattle have clusters that are close to PO cattle clusters. Found character traits for each cattle breed in both PO, Belgian Blue, and PO-Belgian Blue cross-breed. There are three characteristics of qualitative traits possessed in each cow nation, namely the variable circle hair head (PRK), circle hair back (PRP) and horned characters (MT). Based on the results obtained that the qualitative traits in cattle can be used as a distinguishing character between PO, Belgian Blue, and PO-Blue Belgian cross cattle breeds
Pengaruh Pemberian Asam Lemak Terproteksi dalam Bentuk Campuran Garam Karboksilat Kering Terhadap Performa dan Metabolit Darah Kambing PE Fase Pertumbuhan
Get PDFABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efek pemberian asam lemak terproteksi yang berasal dari hasil samping pengolahan limbah ikan terhadap performa kambing peranakan etawa dalam pertumbuhan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kandang ternak Desa Alebo, Kabupaten Konawe Selatan dan Laboratorium Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan, Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari. Materi penelitian meggunakan 16 ekor kambing peranakan etawa berumur 4-6 bulan dan bobot badan 10-12 kg. Pakan yang digunakan terdiri atas hijauan dan asam lemak terproteksi (ALT) sebagai campuran garam karboksilat kering (CGKK). Rancangan penelitian adalah rancangan acak lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri atas T1= 0 g ALT; T2 = 200 g ALT; T3 = 250 g ALT, dan T4 = 300 g ALT. Variabel penelitian meliputi kosumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan, dan konversi pakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan dan konversi pakan kambing peranakan Etawa fase pertumbuhan. Rataan konsumsi pakan (Kg BK/ekor/minngu) T1 = 4,58; T2 = 5,68; T3 = 6,19; dan T4 = 6,48. Rataan pertambahan bobot badan (kg/ekor/minggu) T1 = 0.43, T2 = 0.90, T3 = 1.44 dan T4 = 1.42. Rataan konversi pakan T1 = 10,63; T2 = 7,61. Disimpulkan bahwa pemberian asam lemak terproteksi (ALT) yang berasal dari hasil sampig pengolahan limbah ikan (200-300 g/ekor/hari) meningkatkan konsumsi bahan kering, pertambahan bobot badan, dan memperbaiki efisiensi konversi pakan kambing peranakan etawa fase pertumbuhan.Kata kunci: asam lemak terproteksi, kambing PE, performa,ABSTRACTThe purpose of this research was to know the effect of applying protected fatty acids originated from by-product of fish processing on performance growth phase ettawa crossbred. The study was conducted at Cattle Pen located at Alebo village, South Konawe Regency, and Laboratory of Nutrition Science and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Halu Oleo University, Kendari. The materials used 16 Etawa crossbred aged 4-6 months and weighed 10-12 kg. The feeds were applied consist of roughage and protected fatty acid (PFA), as dry carboxylate salt mixture, DCM. The research design was Complete Randomized Design with 4 treatments and 4 repeatition. The treatments were T1= 0 g PFA; T2 = 200 g PFA; T3 = 250 g PFA; and T4 = 300 g PFA. Variable were feed intake, gain, and feed conversionl. The results of research showed that the treatments had a very significant effect (P<0.01) on the feed consumption, weekly gain, and feed conversion on the growth phase. The average feed consumption (kg dry mater/head/week) T1 = 4.58; T2 = 5.68; T3 = 6.19; and T4 = 6.48. The concluded that application of protected fatty acid (PFA), originated from by-product of fish processing (200-300 g/head/day) increased dry matter intake, weekly gain, and improved feed conversion efficiency etawa crossbred.Keywords: ettawa crossbred, performance, protected fatty aci
Pengaruh Komposisi Kuning Telur pada Pengencer Air Kelapa Hijau Terhadap Kualitas Semen Cair Kambing Boer
Get PDFABSTRAKAir kelapa dapat digunakan sebagai bahan alternatif pengencer semen cair karena mengandung unsur karbon yang dibutuhkan untuk menjaga kualitas spermatozoa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan komposisi kuning telur pengencer air kelapa hijau terhadap kualitas semen cair kambing boer. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Reproduksi Ternak Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, pada bulan November 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental laboratorium dengan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK). Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam (ANOVA). Terdapat 4 perlakukan, P0 = CEP-3 + 10% kuning telur, P1 = Pengencer air kelapa + 5% kuning telur, P2 = Pengencer air kelapa + 10% kuning telur, dan P3 = Pengencer air kelapa + 15% kuning telur. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (P0,05) pada abnormalitas spermatozoa antara perlakuan selama peyimpanan dingin. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah perlakuan terbaik didapatkan pada P3 yang dapat mempertahankan kualitas semen cair kambing boer sampai penyimpanan hari ke-3.Kata kunci: air kelapa hijau, kuning telur, kambing boer, semenABSTRACTCoconut water extender can be used as an alternative semen extender because it contains the carbon element needed to maintain the quality of spermatozoa. The aims of this research were to examine the effect of different compositions of yolk in green coconut water extender on the quality of boer goat semen during cold storage. This research was carried out at the Laboratory of Animal Reproduction of Animal Husbandry Faculty of Brawijaya University in November 2019. The research used a laboratory experimental method. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design. The data were analyzed by Analyze of Variance. In this research there were four treatments (P0 = CEP-3 + 10% yolk; P1 = Coconut Water + 5% yolk; P2 = Coconut Water + 10% yolk; dan P3 = Coconut Water + 15% yolk). The result of this research show were significant differences (P0.05) in sperm abnormality between coconut water extenders with different compositions of yolk. In conclusion, the best treatment was P3 in maintaining boer goat sperm quality after three days of chilled preservation.Keywords: boer goat, green coconut water, semen, yol
Bobot Badan dan Karakteristik Morfometrik Beberapa Galur Ayam Lokal
Get PDFABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bobot badan dan karakteristik morfometrik beberapa galur ayam lokal. Materi penelitian ini adalah ayam kampung super, ayam kampung unggul balitnak (KUB), dan ayam kampung masing-masing sebanyak 82 ekor. Data yang dihimpun adalah bobot badan, panjang paruh, lebar paruh, panjang kepala, lingkar kepala, tinggi kepala, panjang leher, lingkar leher, panjang sayap, panjang punggung, tinggi punggung, panjang dada, lebar dada, panjang shank, lingkar shank, panjang tibia, lingkar tibia, panjang jari ketiga dan jarak antara tulang pubis. Data bobot badan dan ukuran-ukuran tubuh dianalisis menggunakan uji-t sedangkan vektor nilai rata-rata ukuran-ukuran tubuh dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji T2-Hotelling. Analisis komponen utama digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi penciri ukuran dan bentuk tubuh ayam lokal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bobot bahwa bobot badan ayam kampung Super (837,98±68,97 g) berbeda nyata dengan ayam KUB (713,15±66,75 g) dan ayam kampung (605,53±80,01 g). Secara umum ayam kampung super memiliki morfometrik yang relatif lebih tinggi daripada ayam KUB dan ayam kampung. Penciri ukuran tubuh ayam kampung super dan ayam KUB adalah panjang tibia, sedangkan ayam kampung adalah lebar dada. Penciri bentuk tubuh ayam kampung super adalah lebar dada, sedangkan ayam KUB dan ayam kampung adalah panjang punggung. Disimpulkan bahwa bobot badan dan morfometrik tertinggi ditemukan pada ayam kampung super, disusul ayam KUB dan ayam kampung. Ayam kampung Super dan ayam KUB memiliki penciri ukuran tubuh (panjang tibia) yang berbeda dengan ayam kampung (lebar dada). Ayam kampung super memiliki penciri bentuk tubuh (lebar dada) yang berbeda dengan ayam KUB dan ayam kampung (panjang punggung).Kata Kunci: ayam lokal, bobot badan, karakteristk morfometrikABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the bodyweight and morphometric characteristics of several local chicken strains. The research material were three strains of native chicken: kampong super chicken, kampung unggul balitnak (KUB) chicken, and kampung chicken, each strains consisted of 82 heads. Data collection on body weight and morphometric characteristics were performed at 2 months of age. Data collected includes: body weight and morphometric characteristics which include beak length, beak width, head length, head circumference, head height, neck length, neck circumference, wing length, back length, back height, chest length, chest width, shank length, shank circumference, tibia length, tibia circumference, third finger length and pubic bone distance. Data collected were analyzed using t-test to determine differences in body weight and body measurements between chicken strains. Average value vector of chicken body measurements was analyzed using T2-Hotelling statistical test. Principal component analysis statistical test was used to identify the shape and size characteristics of each chicken strain. Data processing was assisted by using Minitab statistical software version 18. Results of this study showed that kampong super chicken has best bodyweight and body weight gain among other strains. The identifier of body size and shape of kampong super chicken were tibia length and breast width. The identifier of body size and shape of KUB chicken were tibia length and back length, while the identifier of body size and shape of the kampung chicken were chest width and back length. Keywords: body weight, native chicken, morphometric characteristi
