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Analisis Hubungan Food Coping Strategies Terhadap Ketahanan Pangan Rumah Tangga Nelayan Di Kabupaten Gresik
No full textRumah tangga nelayan di Kabupaten Gresik merupakan kelompok masyarakat yang rentan terhadap ketahanan pangan akibat pendapatan yang fluktuatif dan keterbatasan akses terhadap pangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengidentifikasi tingkat ketahanan pangan rumah tangga nelayan, (2) menganalisis strategi penanggulangan pangan (Food Coping Strategies) yang digunakan, serta (3) menganalisis hubungan antara strategi tersebut dengan tingkat ketahanan pangan rumah tangga nelayan. Penelitian dilakukan di Kelurahan Lumpur, Kabupaten Gresik, dengan melibatkan 80 rumah tangga nelayan yang dipilih melalui metode purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan wawancara, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan US-HFSSM, RCSI, dan uji chi-square.Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 88% rumah tangga nelayan berada dalam kondisi rawan pangan, dengan 50% mengalami kelaparan sedang dan 25% kelaparan berat. Strategi coping yang paling umum digunakan berada pada kategori sedang (51,25%), diikuti oleh kategori rendah (26,25%) dan tinggi (23,75%). Uji chi-square menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat food coping strategies dengan ketahanan pangan rumah tangga (p < 0,05). Semakin tinggi intensitas strategi coping, semakin rendah ketahanan pangan rumah tangga tersebut.Implikasi dari temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya intervensi kebijakan berbasis lokal, seperti penguatan sumber pendapatan alternatif dan edukasi strategi coping yang sehat, guna meningkatkan ketahanan pangan rumah tangga nelayan secara berkelanjutan.
Kata Kunci :
ketahanan pangan, rumah tangga nelayan, food coping strategiesFishing households in Gresik Regency represent a vulnerable group in terms of food security due to fluctuating incomes and limited access to food. This study aims to: (1) identify the level of food security among fishing households, (2) analyze the food coping strategies adopted by these households, and (3) examine the relationship between food coping strategies and household food security. The research was conducted in Lumpur Village, Gresik Regency, involving 80 fishing households selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected via questionnaires and interviews, and analyzed using the US-HFSSM, Reduced Coping Strategies Index (RCSI), and chi-square tests. Results showed that 88% of fishing households were food insecure, with 50% experiencing moderate hunger and 25% experiencing severe hunger. Most households employed coping strategies at a moderate level (51.25%), followed by low (26.25%) and high levels (23.75%). The chi-square test indicated a significant relationship between the intensity of coping strategies and the level of food security (p < 0.05). Higher coping intensity was associated with lower household food security. These findings highlight the need for locally tailored policy interventions, including the development of alternative income sources and the promotion of healthy coping mechanisms, to enhance the long-term food security of fishing households
Faktor–Faktor Yang Memengaruhi Purchase Intention Sayur Organik Pada Konsumen Mahasiswa Di Yogyakarta
Full text linkConcerns about the negative impact of agricultural production that uses chemicals intensively on environmental sustainability and human health have resulted an increase organic consumption, especially organic vegetables. Important to know the factors that influence purchase intentions toward organic vegetables. Intentions can be studied using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) model including attitudes towards behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. Previous research also found that environmental concern, health concern, and product availability have an influence to that product. The purpose of this research is to analyze the Factors Influencing Purchase Intention Toward Organic Vegetable, especially by student as potential customer, it can help producers to formulate managerial implications. This research was conducted in Yogyakarta with a total 230 respondents. This research uses descriptive analysis, Partial Least Square (PLS-SEM), and Importance Performance Matrix Analysis (IPMA). The results of this study show that purchase intention organic vegetables is influenced by attitudes towards behavior and perceived behavioral control, while subjective norms do not influence purchase intention. Attitudes towards behavior in this study were influenced by environmental concern and health concern, perceived behavioral control were influenced by product availability. The managerial implication that can be carried to increase attitude toward behavior which is known to have the highest importance value through increasing environmental concern and health concern which influences students attitudes towards behaviour to purchasing intentions of organic vegetables in Yogyakarta.Concerns about the negative impact of agricultural production that uses chemicals intensively on environmental sustainability and human health have resulted an increase organic consumption, especially organic vegetables. Important to know the factors that influence purchase intentions toward organic vegetables. Intentions can be studied using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) model including attitudes towards behavior, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control. Previous research also found that environmental concern, health concern, and product availability have an influence to that product. The purpose of this researchis to analyze the Factors Influencing Purchase Intention Toward Organic Vegetable, especially by student as potential customer, it can help producers to formulate managerial implications. This research was conducted in Yogyakarta with a total 230 respondents. This research uses descriptive analysis, Partial Least Square (PLS-SEM), and importance-performance matrix analysis (IPMA). The results of this study show that purchase intention organic vegetables is influenced by attitudes towards behavior and perceived behavioral control, while subjective norms do not influence purchase intention. Attitudes towards behavior in this study were influenced by environmental concern and health concern, perceived behavioral control were influenced by product availability. The managerial implication that can be carried to increase attitude toward behavior which is known to have the highest importance value through increasing environmental concern and health concern which influences students attitudes towards behaviour to purchasing intentions of organic vegetables in Yogyakarta
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENDIDIKAN DAN PENGETAHUAN DALAM MEMBENTUK SIKAP PETANI TERHADAP KONSERVASI SUMBER MATA AIR : STUDI KASUS DI KOTA BATU
No full textKota Batu memiliki lebih dari 300 sumber mata air, namun debitnya menurun bahkan beberapa sumber mata air hilang setiap tahun akibat perubahan penggunaan lahan. Perubahan penggunaan lahan dari hutan ke pertanian menjadi salah satu penyebab utama menurunnya debit sumber mata air. Penurunan debit dan hilangnya sumber mata air menunjukkan pentingnya konservasi tanah dan air untuk menjaga keberlanjutan sumber mata air. Tingkat Pendidikan, pengetahuan dan sikap petani berperan penting dalam mendukung upaya konservasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan guna menganalisis hubungan antara tingkat pendidikan, pengetahuan dan sikap petani terhadap konservasi sumber mata air di Kota Batu. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan data yang diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi, dan angket. Dilaksanakan pada Juli 2024 di Kota Batu, objek penelitian ini adalah petani di sekitar sumber mata air utama (Kasinan, Gemulo, Banyuning dan Terembulok). Jumlah data responden menggunakan rumus Slovin dengan toleransi kesalahan 10% yaitu sebanyak 120 responden. Analisis dilakukan dengan statistik deskriptif dan korelasi Rank Spearman menggunakan SPSS. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar petani berpendidikan rendah (SD), memiliki pengetahuan yang baik mengenai dampak perubahan penggunaan lahan terhadap hilang atau menurunnya sumber mata air dan kurangnya pengetahuan mengenai konservasi sumber mata air. Tingkat pendidikan memiliki hubungan yang kuat dalam menentukan sikap petani. Sebaliknya, pengetahuan tidak berhubungan dengan sikap petani.Batu City has more than 300 water sources, but the discharge is decreasing and some water sources are lost every year due to land conversion. Land conversion from forest to agriculture is one of the main causes of the decline in water source discharge. The decline in discharge and loss of water sources indicate the importance of soil and water conservation to maintain the sustainability of water sources. The level of education, knowledge and attitudes of farmers play an important role in supporting conservation efforts. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the level of education, knowledge and attitudes of farmers towards water source conservation in Batu City. Data collection methods were carried out through interviews, observations, documentation, and questionnaires. The research activities were carried out in July 2024. The objects of the study were farmers around the main water sources (Kasinan, Gemulo, Banyuning and Terembulok). The number of respondent data using the Slovin formula with a 10% error tolerance, namely 120 respondents. The analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics and Spearman Rank correlation using SPSS. The results showed that most farmers with low education (elementary school) had good knowledge about the impact of land use changes on the loss or decline of water sources. The results of the Spearman Rank correlation show that the level of education has a strong relationship in determining farmers\u27 attitudes. However, knowledge is not closely related to farmers\u27 attitudes in conserving water sources
Kelayakan Finansial Dan Analisis Nilai Tambah (Value Added) Produk Non Pangan Berbahan Mangrove
Full text linkThe use mangrove for non-consumable products. including for natural dyes and making edible films (food product preservatives). The aim of this research is to analyze business feasibility and analyze the added value of non-consumable processed products from mangrove forests. This research is a quantitative research using primary and secondary data obtained by observation and interview techniques at non-consumable mangrove forest product processors. The research was conducted from September 2022 to March 2023. The business feasibility analysis method is determined by calculating income, profits, Revenue Cost Ratio (R/C ratio), Break Event Point (BEP), Payback Period and Return Of Investment (ROI), while the method value added analysis was carried out using the Hayami 1987 method. The results showed that the business of processing mangroves into natural dyes and edible films was worth pursuing and profitable as indicated by a positive ROI value, R/C ratio > 1, sales BEP < selling price, production BEP > quantity production with PP < 1 year. The added value of the product in processed edible film is higher than the added value in processed natural dyes with a coefficient factor of 2 and a business owner\u27s profit of 79.03% for natural dyes and a factor coefficient of 600 and a business owner\u27s profit of 98.87% for edible film. The results can encourage mangrove processing activities as non-food products.Mangrove could be consumable and non-consumable products. Non-consumable products have begun to be developed mangroves for natural dyes and making edible films (food product preservatives). The aim of this research is to analyze business feasibility and analyze the added value of non-consumable processed products from mangrove forests. This research is a quantitative research using primary and secondary data obtained by observation and interview techniques at non-consumable mangrove forest product processors. The research was conducted from September 2022 to March 2023. The business feasibility analysis method is determined by calculating income, profits, Revenue Cost Ratio (R/C ratio), Break Event Point (BEP), Payback Period and Return Of Investment (ROI), while the method value added analysis was carried out using the Hayami 1987 method. The results showed that the business of processing mangroves into natural dyes and edible films was worth pursuing and profitable as indicated by a positive ROI value, R/C ratio > 1, sales BEP < selling price, production BEP > quantity production with PP < 1 year. The added value of the product in processed edible film is higher than the added value in processed natural dyes with a coefficient factor of 2 and a business owner\u27s profit of 79.03% for natural dyes and a factor coefficient of 600 and a business owner\u27s profit of 98.87% for edible film
Pengaruh Electronic Word Of Mouth (eWOM) Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk Esteh Indonesia
Full text linkNowadays, many consumers search and compare reviews online before making a purchase decision, including accessing information from @FOODFESS2. By sharing information on @FOODFESS2 via Twitter, consumers can easily find reviews of various foods and beverages, including Esteh Indonesia products. Electronic Word of Mouth (eWOM) information disseminated by Autobase members on @FOODFESS2 is very effective in influencing consumer decisions to buy Esteh Indonesia products. This study aims to analyze the influence of electronic Word of Mouth (eWOM) on purchasing decisions for Esteh Indonesia products. Data analysis uses descriptive analysis and SEM-PLS analysis. The results of SEM-PLS analysis show that the dimension of positive emotional expression has a significant influence on purchasing decisions for Esteh Indonesia products. Meanwhile, Esteh Indonesia\u27s purchasing decision was not significantly influenced by the dimensions of platform assistance, concern for other customers, release of negative emotions and asking for advice. Based on the results of this survey, Esteh Indonesia is motivated to continue to improve product quality, improve customer service, continue to invite consumers to share their positive experiences and collect customer experiences so that consumers can share their positive experiences with Esteh Indonesia
Hubungan Efikasi Diri Dan Motivasi Kewirausahaan Calon Pensiunan Perusahaan Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit
Full text linkThe world population is aging and almost every country in the world, including Indonesia, is experiencing growth in the number and proportion of older people in its population. Entrepreneurship research on retiree candidates can contribute to knowledge and efforts to deal with the aging population problem. Entrepreneurial self-efficacy and motivation are estimated to have a relation with older entrepreneurs\u27 entrepreneurial decisions. The study aimed to analyze the correlation between self-efficacy and entrepreneurial motivation of prospective retirees of oil palm plantation companies. Data were obtained from a survey of palm oil company employees who will retire in 2024 to 2028, with a total sample of 119 respondents. Then the data were analyzed with Spearman Rank correlation analysis by STATA. The research findings show that entrepreneurial self-efficacy and motivation of retiree candidates are in the moderate category. The correlation test results show that self-efficacy is positively and strongly correlated with entrepreneurial motivation. This study suggests that companies prepare employees who will retire with training containing self-efficacy strengthening material because strong self-efficacy will motivate company employees who will retire to do entrepreneurship in retirement.The world’s population is aging and almost every country in the world, including Indonesia, is experiencing growth in the number and proportion of older people in its population. Research on entrepreneurship among retiree candidates can contribute to knowledge and efforts to face the problem of aging population. Entrepreneurial self-efficacy and motivation are thought to be related to the entrepreneurial decisions of older entrepreneurs. This research aims to analyze the relationship between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and motivation of oil palm plantation company retiree candidates. Data was obtained from a survey of palm oil company employees who will retire in 2024 to 2028. The data then analyzed using Rank Spearman correlation with STATA. The results show that the entrepreneurial self-efficacy and motivation of candidate retirees are in the medium category. The correlation test results show that entrepreneurial self-efficacy is positively and strongly correlated with entrepreneurial motivation. This research suggests that companies prepare employees who will retire with training containing material to strengthen self-efficacy, because strong self-efficacy will motivate company employees who will retire to become entrepreneurs in retirement
Efisiensi Teknis Usahatani Cabai Merah Indonesia
Full text linkThere is a disparity in red chili production between actual and potential which causes the available supply to be inadequate to cover the high demand. Production problems could not only be identified through production factors but also other factors that contribute to the issue. Technical efficiency is an analytical method that measuring production factors and out-of-production factors simultaneously. This study aims to measure the level of technical efficiency of red chili farming, to analyze the factors that influence red chili production, and to analyze the factors that influence the technical efficiency of red chili farming. This study employs secondary data from the 2013 Agricultural Census Results of the 2014 Horticultural Crop Farming Household Subsector Survey (ST2013 SHR), Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS). Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) is a method of estimating the level of technical efficiency of red chili farming and the factors that affect it. The results revealed that the average level of technical efficiency of Indonesian red chili farms was 0.6525. This level implies that Indonesian red chili farms still have the opportunity to be improved. Seeds, N-element fertilizers, P-element fertilizers, manures, pesticides and labor are factors that can affect red chili production. Education, technologies, participation in farmer groups, planting seasons, land types, cropping systems and certified seeds are factors that can raise the technical efficiency of red chili farming while access to credit and subsidies can reduce the technical efficiency of red chili farming. Assistance in the use of subsidies and credit is a policy the government could take in enhancing the technical efficiency of Indonesian red chili farms besides the technology use and dry season planting.
The rising price of red chili is associated with the production availability at the farm level. Meanwhile, the price increase has not been sufficient to impact on farmers\u27 income positively. Production problems can not only be explained through production factors but other factors also contribute. Technical efficiency is an analytical method that measures production factors and external factors directly. Spatial measurement may lead to policy bias. Therefore, this study aims to measure and analyze the factors that affect the level of technical efficiency of Indonesian red chili. This study applied the Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) method to measure and analyze the factors affecting the technical efficiency of Indonesian red chili. All production inputs, including seeds, chemical fertilizers, organic fertilizers, pesticides, labor, and harvest areas, affect the improvement of Indonesian red chili production. Inefficiency factors that can increase the level of technical efficiency of red chili are education, technology, farmer groups, planting season, land type, cropping system, and the utilization of certified seeds. While access to credit, cooperative membership, and subsidies can reduce the level of technical efficiency of Indonesian red chili. The average technical efficiency level of Indonesian red chili is 0,6525. A reassessment of subsidy policies and access to credit and development of agricultural institutions are possible policies that could be considered by the government to improve the production and technical efficiency level of Indonesian red chili
STRATEGI BISNIS KOPICENTRUM DI DRAMAGA BOGOR
No full textA survey conducted in 2024 showed that coffee consumption reached more than 300 thousand tons with the majority of consumers coming from the younger generation. One of those who took advantage of these opportunities and chances was Kopicentrum in Dramaga Bogor. However, until now the absence of a comprehensive strategic guide has become one of the obstacles in winning market competition. This study aims to overcome the chalenges that occur by identifying internal and external factors and exploring alternative business strategies through IE matrix analysis. This research is a case study research at Kopicentrum Dramaga Bogor with data collection through interviews, observations, and questionnaires to management, employees, and customers, which are analyzed using the IFE, EFE, and IE Matrices. The results of the study indicate that Kopicentrum has high internal strength (IFE score 3.68) and moderate external responsiveness (EFE score 2.90), pacing it in Quadrant IV in the IE Matrix with the right strategy in the form of Grow and Build, including maintaining market position, product enhancement, internal efficiency, and strategic alliances with local farmers. This study has implications for the importance of flexibe and context-based strategies, art, and needs to be adjusted to the unique conditions of each business to maintain competitiveness in a dynamic market.Survei yang dilakukan pada tahun 2024 menunjukkan konsumsi kopi mencapai lebih dari 5 juta kantong (setara 300 ribu ton) dengan mayoritas konsumen berasal dari generasi muda. Salah satu yang memanfaatkan peluang dan kesempatan tersebut adalah Kopicentrum di Dramaga Bogor. Namun hingga saat ini belum adanya panduan strategi yang komprehensif menjadi salah satu kendala dalam memenangkan persaingan pasar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengatasi tantangan yang terjadi dengan mengidentifikasi faktor internal dan eksternal serta menggali alternatif strategi bisnis melalui analisis matriks IE. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian studi kasus di Kopicentrum Dramaga Bogor dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan kuesioner kepada manajemen, karyawan, dan pelanggan, yang dianalisis menggunakan Matriks IFE, EFE, dan IE. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kopicentrum memiliki kekuatan internal tinggi (skor IFE 3,68) dan respons eksternal moderat (skor EFE 2,90), menempatkannya pada Kuadran IV dalam Matriks IE dengan strategi yang tepat berupa Hold and Maintain, meliputi menjaga posisi pasar, peningkatan produk, efisiensi internal, serta aliansi strategis dengan petani lokal. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah pentingnya strategi yang fleksibel dan berbasis konteks, karena strategi bisnis bersifat seni (art), seperti dijelaskan Mintzberg (1994), dan perlu disesuaikan dengan kondisi unik tiap usaha untuk menjaga daya saing di pasar yang dinamis
ANALYSIS OF MACARONI CHIPS SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT PERFORMANCE IN CV. PUTRA PUTRI JAYA SIDOARJO
No full textCV. Putra Putri Jaya Sidoarjo is a company that produces macaroni chips. The problem that occurs in the company is the non-achievement of the production plan caused by several factors such as lack of sales, marketing, and the use of poor quality raw materials. The purpose of this study is to map the flow structure of the macaroni chips supply chain in CV. Putra Putri Jaya Sidoarjo. analyze supply chain management performance, and provide improvement recommendations to improve supply chain management performance. The methods used in this study are descriptive analysis, SCOR (Supply Chain Operation Reference) analysis, and AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process). Descriptive analysis was used to describe the flow structure of the macaroni chips supply chain consisting of the flow of goods, financial flow, and information flow. SCOR and AHP analysis were used to measure and evaluate the performance of macaroni chips supply chain management in CV. Putra Putri Jaya Sidoarjo. The results of this study show that the product flow includes the procurement of raw materials from suppliers, the process of converting raw materials from raw macaroni into macaroni chips, and the process of sending macaroni chips to distributors such as agents, retailers, and wholesalers, to consumers. Financial flows include a variety of financial transactions, such as payments for product purchases, setting credit limits, and scheduling payments. The flow of information includes a variety of information such as raw material inventory, customer preferences, market trends, production and delivery schedules, and product prices. The performance value of supply chain management performance is 90.87 which is included in the excellent category.Putra Putri Jaya Sidoarjo merupakan perusahaan makanan ringan yang memproduksi keripik makaroni. Masalah yang terjadi di perusahaan adalah tidak tercapainya rencana produksi yang disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor seperti kurangnya pemasaran dan penggunaan bahan baku yang kurang baik yang berdampak pada kualitas produk makaroni. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memetakan struktur aliran rantai pasok produk keripik makaroni di CV. Putra Putri Jaya Sidoarjo. menganalisis kinerja manajemen rantai pasok produk keripik makaroni di CV. Putra Putri Jaya Sidoarjo, dan merekomendasikan solusi perbaikan kinerja manajemen rantai pasok produk keripik makaroni di CV. Putra Putri Jaya Sidoarjo. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif, analisis SCOR ( Supply Chain Operation Referrence ) dan AHP ( Analytical Hirearchy Process ). Analisis deskriptif digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan struktur manajemen rantai pasok produk keripik makaroni yang terdiri dari aliran barang, aliran finansial, dan aliran informasi. Analisis SCOR dan AHP digunakan untuk mengukur nilai kinerja manajemen rantai pasok di CV. Putra Putri Jaya Sidoarjo. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai kinerja manajemen rantai pasok sebesar 90,87 dimana nilai tersebut termasuk dalam kategori sangat baik . Rekomendasi perbaikan untuk meningkatkan kinerja manajemen rantai pasok adalah peningkatan indikator kinerja perencanaan produksi , perencanaan material , keakuratan pengiriman barang oleh pemasok , dan total waktu pengembalian produk
Pengaruh Orientasi Dan Kompetensi Kewirausahaan Terhadap Kinerja Usahatani Sayuran Di Kabupaten Bogor
Full text linkVegetables are an important subsector of horticulture and play a crucial role in agribusiness development in Indonesia. One of the major vegetable production centers is Bogor Regency, West Java. Vegetable production in Bogor Regency from 2016 to 2021 showed a relative increase, despite fluctuations in the harvested area. This increase in production, along with fluctuations in land area, has led to improved productivity. The increase in productivity is believed to be due to farmers’ adoption of entrepreneurial orientation and competence. The objectives of this study were to: 1) analyze the influence of entrepreneurial orientation on farm performance, 2) analyze the influence of entrepreneurial orientation on entrepreneurial competence, 3) analyze the influence of entrepreneurial competence on farm performance, and 4) analyze the mediating effect of entrepreneurial competence on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and farm performance. The sampling method used in this study was multistage random sampling, whereas the analysis methods employed included descriptive analysis and PLS-SEM analysis. The results indicate that 1) entrepreneurial orientation has a significant impact on farm performance, 2) entrepreneurial orientation has a significant impact on entrepreneurial competence, 3) entrepreneurial competence has a significant impact on farm performance, and 4) entrepreneurial competence can mediate the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and farm performance.Vegetables are an important subsector of horticulture and play a crucial role in agribusiness development in Indonesia. One of the major vegetable production centers is Bogor Regency, West Java. Vegetable production in Bogor Regency from 2016 to 2021 showed a relative increase, despite fluctuations in the harvested area. This increase in production, along with fluctuations in land area, has led to improved productivity. The increase in productivity is believed to be due to farmers’ adoption of entrepreneurial orientation and competence. The objectives of this study were to: 1) analyze the influence of entrepreneurial orientation on farm performance, 2) analyze the influence of entrepreneurial orientation on entrepreneurial competence, 3) analyze the influence of entrepreneurial competence on farm performance, and 4) analyze the mediating effect of entrepreneurial competence on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and farm performance. The sampling method used in this study was multistage random sampling, whereas the analysis methods employed included descriptive analysis and PLS-SEM analysis. The results indicate that 1) entrepreneurial orientation has a significant impact on farm performance, 2) entrepreneurial orientation has a significant impact on entrepreneurial competence, 3) entrepreneurial competence has a significant impact on farm performance, and 4) entrepreneurial competence can mediate the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and farm performance