Buletin Peternakan
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Evaluation of the Growth and Yield of Organic Corn Fodder under Various Watering Times and Concentrations of Rabbit Urine Fertilizers
Full text linkOrganic Fodder System is a planting system without using soil as its main medium. The use of fertilizers can be regulated in quantities and concentrations that correspond to the needs of plants during the plant growth season to obtain optimal results with good quality. The study was conducted to determine corn fodder's growth productivity and nutrient content under the treatment of differences in watering time and rabbit urine fertilizer concentration. The treatment was carried out on the difference in the soaking solution of corn kernels and the difference in the watering time of corn seedlings. Soaking was carried out by 5 solutions namely L0: water, L1: AB mix (commercial fertilizer) 1%, L2: rabbit urine fertilizer 1%, L3: rabbit urine fertilizer 2.5%, L4: rabbit urine fertilizer 5%, as treatment, and 5 (five) replication groups. Watering was carried out at three different time intervals (W1: 6 hours/day, W2: 9 hours/day, W3: 12 hours/day) with five replication groups. The variables observed were germination percentage, normal sprout percentage, corn fodder height, fresh fodder production, fodder dry matter production, fodder protein content, fodder crude fiber content, fodder crude fat content, Non-Nitrogen Free Extract (NNFE), and corn fodder ash content. The experimental design used in this study was a Completely Randomized Design of factorial patterns. Differences in rabbit urine fertilizer concentration and watering time impact germination percentage, normal germination percentage, plant height, fresh matter production, dry matter production, protein content, and crude fiber
Impact of Using Hermetic Packaging and Preservative on Physical Properties of Rice Bran During Storage
Full text linkRice bran is one of the feed ingredients used in various types of animal rations in Indonesia. In addition to containing anti-nutrients, rice bran has also a low storability. This research was conducted to study the impact of using hermetic packaging and a preservative containing calcium propionate (ProsidTM MI 208) application on the physical properties of rice bran during storage. The factorial completely randomized design (CRD), 3 x 4 with 4 replications was applied. The first factor was storage time 0 (W0), 30 (W30), and 60 (W60) days; the second factor was burlap sack + 0 ppm calcium propionate (P1), burlap sack + 160 ppm calcium propionate (P2), hermetic sack + 0 ppm calcium propionate (P3), and hermetic sack + 160 ppm calcium propionate (P4). The variables measured were moisture content (MC), bulk density (BD), tapped density (TD) dan true density (TDS). The obtained data were analyzed using if there was a significant difference, followed by Duncan's multiple range test. The results showed that storage time significantly (P<0.05) increased the MC and decreased the BD, TD, and TDS values. The increasing MC and the decreasing BD, TD, and TDS values of the rice bran during storage were higher (P<0.05) in the burlap sakcs than in the hermetic sacks packaging both with and without the addition of calcium propionate. The combination of using hermetic sacks with the application of calcium propionate could further increase to maintain of the physical properties of rice bran from the damage. The use of a hermetic sack and the application of calcium propionate could maintain the quality of rice bran and increase the resistance of rice bran to damage during 60 days of storage
Innovative Barn Cattle for Microclimate Management through the Misting System
Full text linkCattle is meat-producing livestock of the large ruminant. The environmental conditions must remain in the thermoneutral zone because this affects livestock productivity. An environmental modification related to microclimate management is required through a misting system using a water sprinkler. The study was conducted in one of the barns of the Sekolah Peternakan Rakyat (SPR) Maju Bersama livestock group in Drokilo Village, Kedungadem District, Bojonegoro Regency, East Java. The purpose of this study was to analyze the microclimate management of the barn through the misting system in order to improve the physiological response of cattle. The variables observed were the air temperature, air humidity, Temperature Humidity Index (THI), respiratory frequency, heart rate, rectal temperature, and body surface temperature. Body surface temperatures were measured on the face, back, and rump. The analytical method used in this was unpaired T-test five replications. The results showed that the average microclimate data for barn cattle were: air temperature 27.40±0.59°C, air humidity 83.92±1.55%, and Temperature Humidity Index (THI) 79.59±1.06. The results showed that the average physiological response data for cattle were: heart rate 47.02±2.29 beats per minute, respiration rate 16.94±1.26 beats per minute, and rectal temperature 38.65±0.27°C. The results showed that the average body surface temperature data for the face was 37.03±0.38°C, the back was 36.33±0.59°C, and the rump was 36.28±0.68°C. The results showed that the treatment before and after the morning measurement water misting was significantly different (p<0.05) in all the observed variables. Water misting has the effect on decreasing the air temperature, humidity, Temperature Humidity Index (THI), respiratory rate, heart rate, body temperature, and rectal temperature
Impact of Cassava Leaf Meal as a Rice Bran Substitute and Enzyme Supplementation on Lymphoid Organ Weight and Digestibility in Broiler Chickens
Full text linkCassava leaves are a potential alternative feed ingredient due to their high levels of crude protein and energy. However, their utilization in poultry feed is constrained by factors such as cyanic acid, fiber content, and nutrient digestibility. This study aimed to investigate the impact of including cassava leaf meal (CLM) as a rice bran substitute and enzyme supplementation on lymphoid organ development and metabolizable energy parameters in broiler chickens. A 2x3 completely randomized factorial design was conducted using 48 Cobb-strain broilers unsexing at 35 days old. The treatments included different levels of CLM and enzyme (NSP and protease) supplementation at a dose of 250 g/ton of feed. The treatments consisted of R0E0: 0% CLM without enzyme, R0E1: 0% CLM with enzyme, R1E0: 1.5% CLM without enzyme, R1E1: 1.5% CLM with enzyme, R2E0: 3% CLM without enzyme, and R2E1: 3% CLM with enzyme. The variables assessed were lymphoid organ development (thymus, bursa Fabricius, and spleen) and metabolizable energy parameters (Apparent Metabolizable Energy (AME), True Metabolizable Energy (TME), Apparent Metabolizable Energy Corrected to Nitrogen (AMEn), and True Metabolizable Energy Corrected to Nitrogen (TMEn)). The data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post-hoc tests conducted for significant differences. Results indicated no interaction between CLM and enzymes in lymphoid organ development and energy metabolizable. The inclusion of CLM led to a reduction in AME and TME (p<0.05). However, enzyme supplementation significantly increased the relative weight of lymphoid organs (thymus, bursa Fabricius, spleen) and metabolizable energy parameters (AME, TME, AMEn, and TMEn) (p<0.05). Importantly, the inclusion of CLM up to a level of 3.0% did not negatively impact the health of broiler chickens. Furthermore, the addition of enzymes effectively mitigated the negative effects associated with CLM inclusion in the feed, suggesting their potential as a strategy to improve feed utilization in broiler production systems
Characterization and Association of CFHR5 Gene Polymorphism with Fatty Acid Composition and Cholesterol in Sheep
Full text linkThe Complement Factor H Related 5 (CFHR5) gene is speculated to have an important role in regulating fatty acid composition in sheep. The aim of this study was to investigate the polymorphism of the CFHR5 gene and its association with fatty acid composition and cholesterol of sheep in Indonesia. A total of 172 rams from 83 priangan sheep (PS), 20 sapudi sheep (SS), 19 Garut sheep (GS), 20 jonggol sheep (JS), 10 Garut composite sheep (GCS), 10 compass agrinac sheep (CAS), and 10 Barbados cross sheep (BCS) were used for this study. Identification of CFHR5 gene polymorphism were performed by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) using AciI restriction enzyme. The results showed that the CFHR5 gene in all sheep populations were polymorphic producing three genotypes, e.g. CC, CT and TT, respectively. The polymorphism had a significant effect (pT) has the potential to be used as a genetic marker for the selection of low saturated fatty acid composition and cholesterol in shee
Tolerance Level of Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) to Stress Acidity Through Tissue Culture Technique
Full text linkButterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) a high-quality legume that is rich in protein and grows on various soil types with a pH range of 5.5-8.9. This experiment was conducted to get the level of tolerance of butterfly pea plants to stress acidity at different levels through tissue culture technique. The study was designed using a complete randomized design with 6 treatments with the different levels of AlCl3 addition using Murashige Skoog (MS) media with 20 replications (P0 (0 ppm AlCl3), P1 (100 ppm AlCl3), P2 (200 ppm AlCl3), P3 (300 ppm AlCl3), P4 (400 ppm AlCl3), and P5 (500 ppm AlCl3)). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and if there was a significant difference, data were further analyzed using Duncan’s multiple range test. The variables observed were acidity media changes, plant height gain, number of leaves, number of branches, number of tillers, percentage of leaves withering, and leaf color. The results showed that the butterfly pea plant has mechanism of adaptation to acid stress on the parameters of plant height gain and number of leaves at the end of the observation. However, the level of plant tolerance on the parameters of the number of branches and the number of tillers was ≤ 300 ppm (pH 3.73)
Carcass and Cooked Meat Acceptance of Broilers Chickens Fed the Diet Containing Fermented Moringa with the Addition Corn and Fishmeal
Full text linkThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the organoleptic acceptance on the carcass and cooked meat of broilers fed the diet containing the fermented moringa leaves and yellow corn with the addition of fish meal or none.This study used 100 broiler chicks strain MB 90 and a commercial diet CP511 Bravo (CD). The substitute feed ingredients were composted of fermented domesticated Moringa oleifera leaf(FDMOL), yellow corn (YC), rice bran (RB), top mix (TM), and local commercial fish meal (FM). The study was performed in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with subsampling consisting of 5 treatments, 4 replicates, and 2 subsamples. The experimental diets were C 1 = 100% CD, C 2 =84.5% CD + 7.5% YC + 7.5% RB + 0.5% TM, C 3 = 84.5% CD + 5% YC + 5% RB + 5% TM + 0.5% TM, MCR= 84.5% CD + 5%FDMOL + 5% YC + 5% RB + 0.5% TM (moringa+), and MCF= 84.5% CD + 5% FDMOL + 5% YC + 5% FM + 0.5% TM (moringa++). The results indicated that carcasses from broilers fed the moringa-base diets were significantly higher (P0.05). In conclusion, there were no impacts on the acceptance of fresh carcass characteristics(conformation, color, and odor) or cooked meat (color, flavor, and taste) from the broilers fed the diets containing the moringa leaves compared to the control
Embryo Development and Chick Performance of Local Chicken Following In-Ovo Injection of L-Arginine Into Local Chicken Eggs
Full text linkThis study aims to determine the effect of in-ovo injection of L-arginine into local chicken eggs on embryo development and chick performance of local chicken. A total of 160 eggs were incubated using semi-automatic incubator with temperature of 37-38C and relative humidity of 55-65%. The injected L-arginine solution has a concentration of 0.5% (m/v). In treatment was divided into 4 groups, the first treatment was without injection (control), the second treatment was the injection of 0.2 mL L-arginine solution 0.5% (m/v)/egg, the third treatment was the injection of 0.4 mL L-arginine solution. 0.5% (m/v)/egg, and fourth treatment was the injection of L-arginine solution 0.6 mL 0.5%(m/v)/egg. The results showed that embryo mortality and hatchability were lower with L-arginine injection treatment than without injection. All treatments showed no effect on extraembryonic fluid absorption, but there was an increase in embryo weight in the injection treatment 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 mL L-Arginine 0.5% /eggs 2,355 g, 2,577 g, 2,705, respectively. In conclusion, an in-ovo injection of L-arginine in local chicken eggs has a good effect (the beneficial effect) on embryo death and embryo performance. Injection of 0.4 ml L-Arginine 0.5% /eggs improved hatchability and Newly Hatched Chick Weight (NHCW)
Effects of Road Transportation on Some Physiological Stress Measures in Anpera and Boerka Goats
Full text linkTransporting livestock is a common practice in agriculture, but it can be a stressful situation for the animals. This stress can lead to physiological responses like live weight loss, changes in blood cortisol levels, and immune suppression. Goats are particularly sensitive to transportation stress and stress-induced diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects of road transport on the physiological condition of 33 goats (13 Anpera goats and 20 Boerka goats) transported for 72 hours over approximately ±2.000 km. Live weight loss was determined by comparing the body weights of the goats before and after transportation. We measured psychological responses (heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature), blood parameters (Blood urea nitrogen/BUN, creatinine, glucose), cortisol, and hematological parameters. The results showed that transportation caused an average weight loss of 4.05 kg/head (14.22%). Heart rate decreased by 14.71 x/minute after transport, while respiratory rate and rectal temperature increased by 8.44 x/minute and 0.41 units, respectively. BUN levels increased by approximately 10.92 mg/dL (35%) and glucose levels increased by approximately 30.07 mg/dL (48%). Hematological parameters also showed significant changes, with transportation causing alterations in WBC, RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, and MCH levels. The study also showed an interaction between the sex and breed of goats on BUN, glucose, MCV, MCH. The comparison between Anpera goats and Boerka showed that transportation had significant influence on heart rate, rectal temperature, cortisol, RBC, haemoglobin, RDW. In conclusion, transportation for 72 hours caused stress on goats, leading to weight loss, changes in psychological behavior, and blood parameters, and the breed and sex of the goats played a crucial role in the observed changes
Analysis of Motility Characteristic of Pesisir Bulls Sexed Semen with Different Pre-Freezing Method Based on Computer Assisted Sperm Analyzer (CASA)
Full text linkThis study aimed to find the best combination between pre-freezing method and layer of post sexing on semen quality of Pesisir Bulls. This study used 2 Pesisir Bulls. The semen was evaluated using Computer Assisted Sperm Analyzer (CASA). This study used factorial randomized block design with 2 factors. Factor A was sexed semen layer of BSA column with 2 level, whereas Factor B was pre-freezing method with 3 level. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were used in this study for data Analysis. According to the analysis of variance, there is no interaction of the combination of two factors on each paramters. Pre-freezing method showed highly statistically significant effect (P0,05) on every factor. According to the study, it can be concluded that the best treatment was treatment modified procedure layer by space the straw 16 cm every layers and The quality of post sexing X- and Y- spermatozoa motility effect on motility characteristic such as DCL, DAP, DSL, VCL, VAP, VSL, STR, WOB, ALH and BCF