Buletin Peternakan
Not a member yet
1046 research outputs found
Sort by
Productivity of Different Local Sheep Breeds Fed by Water Spinach Straw
Get PDFThe decline in forage production during the dry season has an impact on the growth performance of livestock at the level of smallholder. The development of agricultural system by utilizing dried agricultural by-product is an alternative solution to the problem of limited feed during the dry season. Production of water spinach reaches 12,697 tons of dry matter/year and has potential to be used as a fiber sources for livestock. Studies on the use of water spinach straw (WSS) as feed for local sheep have not been widely carried out. This study was aimed to determine the productivity of Garut sheep (GS) and thin tailed sheep (TTS) fed water spinach straw. The results of this study were expected to provide information on the use of dry WSS as a substitute for forage for local sheep for fattening purposes. GS (n = 26) and TTS (n = 27) with an age of 8-12 months and body weight ranging from 10-20 kg were feedlots for 42 days. Sheep are kept intensively in colony pens (4-5 head/pen) with an approaching of body size and body weight. Feeding is done every morning and evening. Drinking water is always available. WSS is given ad libitum and the concentrate is given increasing periodically according to the treatment phase, Starter (1-14 days), Grower (15-28 days), and Finisher (29-42 days). Data were analyzed using One way ANOVA, operated by SPSS 20.0 program. The results showed that GS and TTS had no significant differences in productivity (gain, average daily gain, feed conversion ratio, feed cost, and feed cost per gain) (P>0.05). GS and TTS had the highest gain in the starter phase (2.04±1.08kg and 1.99±1.02kg, respectively) then decreased in the grower phase (1.46±0.83 kg and 1, respectively. 55±0.77 kg) and the finisher (1.61±0.77 kg and 1.59±0.74 kg, respectively). Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the GS and TTS had good productivity when fed by WSS as basal feed.
Wafer Nutrient with the Addition of Rubber Seed Flour (Hevea brasiliensis) and its Effect on Local Goat Performance
Get PDFLocal goats are one of the ruminants that have several advantages, including being expose to extreme temperatures such as in the tropics and can withstand to various types of diseases. Information regarding studies for wafer with the addition of rubber seed for goat is still limited. This study aims to determine the performance of local goats which is given wafer addition of rubber seed flour (RSF). The research parameters measured for wafer nutrient including dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, ether extract and ash, while the performance of local goats wafers included feed intake, bodyweight gain, and feed efficiency. Twelve local goats were selected and they were assigned to 4 groups of treatments of three each in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). The 4 diets treatment were wafers added with rubber seeds flour of 0%, 7%, 14% and 21%. The results showed that the addition of rubber seed flour in wafer had effect (P0.05) the feed intake, bodyweight gain, and feed efficiency. It can be conclude that the use of wafers until 21% rubber seed flour can improve the nutrient content of wafers but can not improve the production performance of local goats
Nutrient Intake, Feed Digestibility, and Growth Performance of Thin-Tailed Sheep Fed Complete Feed Containing Fermented Sargassum sp.
Get PDFThe aim of this research was to identify the effect of feeding fermented Sargassum sp. as complete feed ingredient up to 20% of total feed on nutrient consumption and digestibility, and growth performance of thin-tailed sheep. Twelve female thin-tailed sheep aged 6 to 8 months with an average initial body weight of 14.13 ± 2.08 kg were divided into three groups. The treatments were control without fermented Sargassum sp. (S0), 10% fermented Sargassum sp. (S1), and 20% fermented Sargassum sp. (S2). Complete feed was formulated by isoprotein and isoenergy formulation, containing 16% of crude protein and 61% of total digestible nutrients. Complete feed was given at 3.5% of body weight (% dry matter) and drinking water was provided ad libitum. This research was done in 6 weeks with 14 days adaptation period and seven days of collection period. Growth performance was measured for 4 weeks after the adaptation period. The variables observed were dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), crude fiber (CF), nitrogen-free extract (NFE), and total digestible nutrients (TDN) consumption. The data obtained were subjected to one-way ANOVA (analysis of variance) and the difference existed (P value 0.05), however, S0 treatment appeared to have CP, CF, and EE intake, as well as digestibility of DM, CP, CF, and NFE higher than S1 and S2 treatment. The results showed that there was no significant effect of feeding fermented Sargassum sp. on nutrient intake, digested and digestibility of nutrient, absolute and relative weight gain as well as feed conversion
Evaluation of Chamois Leather Using Corn Oil (Zea Mays) as The Tanning Material
Get PDF One of the main characteristics of chamois leather is its high ability to absorb water; thus, chamois leather is generally used for cleaning and drying. The usual tanning material for chamois leather is fish oil. However, it makes the chamois leather product have a strong odor. This study aims to evaluate the quality of chamois leather from rabbit skin tanned with corn oil. The treatments included the addition of several corn oil concentrations consisting of P0 (30 % fish oil), P1 (10 % corn oil), P2 (20% corn oil), and P3 (30% corn oil). The results showed that corn oil as a tanning material was able to increase the ash content, elongation, tear strength, and water absorption of chamois skin and was able to reduce oil content, and did not change the tensile strength, color and odor of the chamois leather produced. The quality of chamois leather with 30% corn oil indicated the ash content as much as 3.19%, oil content as much as 7.87%, elongation as much as 94.51%, tear strength as much as 46.47 N/mm, water absorption (24 hours) as much as 279.03%; and tensile strength as much as 9.9 N/mm2. It also produced yellowish-white color with no odor. This quality has met the requirements of the Indonesian National Standard (SNI): 0617521990. The study concludes that 30% corn oil can substitute fish oil to produce chamois leather
Socio-technical Aspects of Smallholder Beekeeping Adoption of Apis cerana in Wanagama Teaching Forest, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta
Get PDFThe successful rehabilitation of Wanagama teaching forests, which began in the late of 1960s, has created a distinctive forest ecosystem. Currently the forests become the habitat of Apis cerana, enterprised by the surrounding villagers to produce natural forest honey as a non-timber forest product. This paper aims to explore the adoption of smallholder beekeeping of A. cerana, the beekeepers’ socio-economic characteristics, the potential and value of forest honey production, the distribution of bee-boxes inside the forests and potential tree sources of nectar and pollen. Data collection was carried out in July - September 2019 with in-depth interview techniques to 38 beekeepers. Field observations and ground checks were carried out on the sites where beekeepers were placing the bee-boxes in the forest. In addition, an analysis of aerial photograph images taken with drone was also carried out to identify the area of trees as sources of nectar and pollen. The results show that between 1982 and 2019 the development of the adoption of the A. cerana beekeeping increased significantly. The total production of honey from 506 bee-boxes reached 658 liters or 894.9 kg in year of 2018/2019. The number of bee-boxes placed in Wanagama was mainly distributed inside Compartment of 13, 17, 14, 16, 5, and 18. Acacia mangium, eucalyptus, cajuput and mahogany were the main types of nectar-producing trees, in addition to the abundance of flowering undergrowth plants. Many of the challenges faced by honey beekeepers included climate change, the shortage of nectar and pollen sources, pests and diseases and human disturbances. This research suggests the need for a social, institutional and technical approaches to increase the forest productivity as sources of nectar and pollen. It is suggested encouraging the smallholders to adopt beekeeping as the main livelihood alternatives in future and planting more trees in Wanagama forests
Substitution of the Fermented Cocoa Pod Waste in to the Grass Based Diet on Performance of Bligon Goat
Get PDFThis experiment was aimed to evaluate the effect of fermented cocoa pod as feed for Bligon goats. Sixteen Bligon goat with a body weight of 11-13 kg were put into individual cages which were equipped with feed and drink containers. The study design used a randomized block design, where initial body weight in as peragam with four treatments and four replications. Fermented cocoa pod used Trametes versicolor. The experimental treatments were T1= 30% of fresh king grass + 50% of dried king grass + 20% of concentrate; T2= 30% of fresh king grass + 30% of dried king grass + 40% of concentrate; T3= 30% of fresh king grass + 30% of cocoa pod + 40% of concentrate; and T4= 30% of fresh king grass + 30% of cocoa pod fermented + 40% of concentrate. Observed variables were feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion. The result showed that fermented cocoa pod at the level of 30% had higher (P<0.05) infeed intake (560.33 g day-1), body weight gain (101.79 g head-1day-1), and feed conversion (5.50) compared to other treatments. The conclusion of this study were the use of 30% cocoa pod fermented in the ration showed the best body weight gain and feed conversion on Bligon goat performance.
Evaluation of the Performances and IOFCC of Broilers Fed the Whole, the Skinless, and the Skin of Leubim Fish Waste Meals Based Partial Replacement Feed of Commercial Diets
Get PDFThis study aimed to evaluate the performances of broilers fed the commercial diet CP511 (CCP) partially substituted with leubim fish waste meal (LFW) processed into different parts i.e. whole leubim fish waste meal (LFWW), skinless leubim fish meal (LFM‒S), and leubim fish waste skin meal (LFWS), each mixed with yellow corn (YC) and top mix (TM). This research was conducted at the Field Laboratory of Animal Husbandry (LLP), Syiah Kuala University from March 17 to April 21, 2021. This study used 100 DOC broiler chickens strain CP 707 and commercial local fish meal (CFM). The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment was CCP= 100% CP511 (control+) and the CCP replaced with: CFM (control-), LFWW, LFM‒S, and LFWS with the equal amount of 8% each and the addition of 8% YC + 0.5% TM each. The results showed that although statistically no significant differences (P>0.05), the inclusion of LFW meals in the form of LFWW, LFM‒S, or LFWS plus YC + TM each to substitute partially CCP tended to have higher body weight gain (BWG), final body weight (FBW), feed intake, and better feed conversion ratio (FCR), and protein efficiency ratio (PER), while protein intake (PI) significantly increased (P<0.05). The inclusion of LFW-based diets reduced feed cost and increased income over feed & chick cost (IOFCC). The LFW‒S diet did not result in better broiler performances than the LFWW diet. In conclusion, LFW meals processed as a whole, without the skin, and the only skin added with yellow corn and top mix as a partial replacement for the commercial diet increased BWG, FBW, PI, FI, and improved FCR, reduced feed cost, and generated better profit. It was suggested not to dispose of the skin out of the waste since the whole leubim fish waste meal carried out more advantages.
Supply Chain Performance and Quality Measurement of Dairy Cow Concentrate in Cooperative toward Sustainable Productivity: a Case Study
Get PDFThis research aims to measure supply chain performance of dairy concentrate in cooperative with the SCOR-AHP approach and develop improvement based on the performance result, and to analyze the quality suitability as a basis to develop a comprehensive quality standard and its quality control mechanism. This research was conducted at a dairy farmer cooperative located in West Java. The analysis used to measure the performance was supply chain operation reference-analysis hierarchy process (SCOR-AHP). For measuring the product quality, ten post-production concentrate samples, 27 samples after the distribution process, and 25 samples for homogeneity test from five mixer machines were taken. Concentrate quality parameters were moisture, ash, crude fat, crude protein, crude fiber, total digestible nutrients (TDN), and salt content. Post-production samples data were compared with Indonesian National Standard (SNI) using one-tailed one-sample t-test, samples data from the field were tested using two samples independent t-tests compared to post-production samples data, and homogeneity test was seen from the coefficient of variation value of the salt content. The results show that the supply chain performance value of dairy cow concentrate at the cooperative is excellent. The nutrient content complies with SNI, but the homogeneity of the mixture is classified as poor category. The nutrient content of samples taken from the field shows differences with post-production samples except for TDN. The excessive total cost can be utilized to enhance performance in generating a better quality product. The cooperative should enhance homogeneity by concerning the mixing process and maintain the quality consistency by reformulating, stabilizing the quality of feedstuff, and calculating stock properly to avoid longer storage
Selection of Weaning and Adult Weight to Increase Growth of Deutch Democratic Yokohama (DDY) Mice
Get PDFThis study aims to determine the increase of the growth of Deutch Democratic Yokohama (DDY) strain mice through a selection program from generation 0 (G0, n = 323 ), generation 1 (G1, n = 367) to generation 2 (G2, n = 386). The variables used for the selected program were weaning weight (WW) and adult weight (AW). For WW, the selection was made on the best 50% WW, and for the AW, the selection was carried out by choosing the best eight males and the best 32 females, using the value of genetic parameters and breeding values. Based on the study, WW increased from G0 to G1 and G1 to G2 of 12,63% and 12,05%, respectively. The increase in AW from G0 to G1 and G1 to G2 was 7,85 % and 17,78%, respectively. The conclusion was that it was possible to increase weaning weight and adult weight by selecting the program
The Efficacy of Mycosorb in Broiler Diets Contaminated with Low Doses of Aflatoxin B1
Get PDFThe objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of Mycosorb in broiler diets containing a low level of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). A total of 200 male broiler chicks (Lohmann) were randomly distributed into 20 pens (10 birds/pen). The experimental design used was a 2 x 2 factorial completely randomized design with two main factors which were the AFB1 levels (non-detectable level; 2.58 ppb) and mycotoxin binder (MB) (0 and 0.15% Mycosorb), respectively. The treatments were control diet (P1), control diet + MB (P2), 2.58 ppb AFB1 diet (P3), and 2.58 ppb AFB1 diet + MB (P3). The AFB1 diets were formulated by replacing the whole proportion of fresh corn with moldy corn containing 4.22 ppb AFB1. The results showed that except for the digestibility coefficient of crude fat (DCCF), AL x MB interaction was not significant (P>0.05) for the growth performance and DCCP. The AFB1 levels (AL) improved (P0.05) the BWG of starter broilers. The digestibility coefficient of crude protein was not influenced (P>0.05) by the AFB1 levels. DCCF of broilers who received AFB1 diets were lower (P0.05) all variables measured. In conclusion, 1) except for DCCF, AFB1 levels x MB interaction did not improve growth performance and DCCP; 2) the AFB1 level of 2.58 ppb in the diets increased FI and BWG of broilers, but reduced the feed efficiency and DCCF; and 3) Mycosorb did not improve all variables measured