Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik
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Does Democracy Reduce Corruption in Indonesia?
Full text linkThis study aims to analyze the long and short-run impact of democracy on corruption in Indonesia. This study used the method of Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and dynamic Error Correction Model (ECM) technique during the year of 1995-2020 with secondary data from The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), The Global Economy and World Bank’s World Development Indicators (WDI), and Transparency International. The results of the study indicated that democracy has significant effects on the level of corruption only in the long run. In the long run, the results show that the impact of democracy is significant at a 1% significance level and decreases the amount of corruption in Indonesia. A 1% change in democracy and other factors are considered equal, which will change the corruption level by approximately 0.2%. The results imply that political stability associated with democracy will result in the corruption index. In other words, the results suggest that democracy reduces corruption. From a policy point of view, this means that developing democratic institutions should be part of strategies to reduce corruption
“Living by Others”: Work Performance and Basic Need Fulfillment Among Women Farmworkers
Full text linkThis article explores Indonesian women who work as farmworkers, whose lives depend on working on other people’s agricultural land. The income earned by the women farmworkers is not high since female farm work is a seasonal job in agriculture. This research was conducted in Banyuwangi Regency as one of the largest farming areas in East Java Province, Indonesia, using a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. Purposive sampling is a chosen technique in this research, involving ten women farmworkers, a farmworker spouse, and two landlords. Combining Scott’s subsistence ethics and existentialist feminism by Beauvoir, the research found that the work performed by women in East Java, Indonesia is a form of women’s existentialism that is carried out by experiential knowledge in working capabilities, constructing equality and gender roles through the men-women division of labor, and strengthening women farmworkers identification through work. Furthermore, women farmworkers make various efforts to fulfill their basic needs as their subsistence ethics. They utilize various side jobs that they can still do, reducing expenses and being owed by relatives, neighbors, and rice field owners in their hometown
Democracy Crisis in South-East Asia: Media Control, Censorship, and Disinformation during the 2019 Presidential and General Elections in Indonesia, Thailand and 2019 Local Election in the Philippines
Full text linkSouth-East Asia is suffering a rapid deterioration of the free press and Freedom of expression. According to the last report of Freedom in the World 2021, in the last few years, almost all the South-East Asian countries have experienced a reduction in Freedom of expression, and in certain cases, their rights have been restricted. What kind of effects do the media have on public opinion? How can disinformation, censorship, and media control manipulate public opinion? Is social media promoting the anti-democracy establishment? Does social media reduce the democratic quality of a country by limiting its expression through control? This paper is based on desk-based research, where literature on political history and the political history of using media has been reviewed and analyzed—with a comparative analysis, focusing on the data available on the three countries of interest: Indonesia, Thailand, and the Philippines, taking a comparative study the last election in 2019 in those countries. As a method, this study conducts a critical literature review with a historical approach. This study found that all the countries analyzed utilized the media to spread disinformation, war propaganda, and control. Borrowing from the Gramscian theory of hegemony, the paper argues that the theory of media and control can be used as a theoretical framework to examine the rule of media to manipulate and control the public opinion
Political Marketing Prabowo Subianto and Sandiaga Salahuddin Uno in the 2019 Presidential Election
Full text linkThis research explains how the political marketing of Prabowo Subianto and Sandiaga Salahuddin Uno was conducted in the 2019 presidential election. This study uses a qualitative approach, and data collection methods use in-depth interviews and documentation. The results showed that Prabowo-Sandiaga tried to maximize all stages of their political marketing concept, nevertheless the political marketing concept carried out by Prabowo-Sandiaga had not yet had a good impact on the final results in the 2019 presidential election. On the other hand, all the stages of the political marketing concept carried out by Prabowo-Sandiaga in the 2019 presidential election slightly increased the total votes if compared to the total votes obtained in the previous presidential election. The stages of political marketing carried out by Prabowo-Sandiaga in the 2019 presidential election started with Segmentation, Targeting, Positioning, and Political Marketing Campaign Strategy. Prabowo-Sandiaga has several political segmentations which are then given a focus on political targets with patterns full market coverage. Prabowo-Sandiaga has a positioning on issues such as: Welfare, Justice, Prosperity. The positioning strategy pattern used is the rationalization strategy. Political marketing campaign strategy carried out with push political marketing, pull political marketing, and pass political marketing
Post-conflict Reconciliation in Aceh, Indonesia: Perspectives from the Victims
Full text linkThis field research using participant observation critically analyzed the post-war reconciliation between Aceh Province and the Indonesian Government. Special attention was paid to the violent incidents at Rumoh Geudong, Krueng Arakundoe, and Jambo Keupok. Besides, in-depth interviews with 16 informants who were engaged directly and indirectly on the problems to collect the data, followed by employing library research to sight the findings. The peace agreement was concluded by parties who hated each other. Contrarily, the government’s function as the developer of the post-understanding process was not shown substantially. This has further enhanced the new forms of violence carried out after the previous violence. This meant nothing to the power of peace itself. The reconciliation was not substantially successful but failed. The absence of which had an impact on the existence of war victims, particularly in rebuilding their psychological conditions. Human values during the 14 years of peace were not programmed in priority at all, which generated extensive sustainable peace. The collapse of the state’s responsibility to unravel all cases of dehumanization had an impact on the increasingly dominating pragmatic value, meaning that the value of the existence of war victims was minimal, even closer to nothing
The Association Between Conditional Cash Transfer and Fertility Intention in Indonesia
Full text linkThis study aims to analyze the relationship between conditional cash transfer (PKH in Indonesia)acceptance status and fertility intentions of married women ages 15-49 years who do not use contraception in Indonesia. The data used in this research comes from the results of SUSENAS 2017. The sample was limited to married women aged 15-49 years not currently using a contraceptive method. Ordinal logistic regression was employed to analyze the relationship between PKH acceptance status and fertility intention after controlling for the effects of individual control factors, while a multilevel ordinal logistic model was used to investigate the effects of contextual factors. The study results showed that after controlling for the effects of individual and contextual variables, a high fertility intention was associated with receiving PKH. Women from PKH beneficiary households tended to maximize the assistance received by increasing the number of children (moral hazard behavior ). Moral hazard behavior was more pronounced in women from households that had received PKH or received PKH but could not show their cards