Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik
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The Role of Information and Communication Technology for Economic Sustainability through Social Entrepreneurship Practices in Indonesia: A Preliminary Study
Full text linkICT provides an environment that encourages the development of social entrepreneurship. Regarding its definition, social entrepreneurship is the “third way” of the two sectors running dichotomously: business entities that tend to be profitable and social institutions that are not profit-oriented. The social business carries out business activities with a social mission. Social movements were at different poles from profit-seeking efforts in the past, and digital technology enabled them to achieve them simultaneously. One of the supporting factors is its ability to reduce production, distribution, and even promotion costs. On the other hand, ICT allows social entrepreneurs to amplify their stories. There are no fundamental differences between commercial and social business activities. Both of them produce goods or services. The distinguishing elements are how they do business, the actors involved, and the eventual pursuit. If the commercial company tends to profit, social enterprise talks about social impact. Profit is a medium or tool to have a social impact on business. In the last five years, social entrepreneurship trends have maturated in Indonesia. This trend attracts researchers to take a deeper look at the sustainability aspects brought by social entrepreneurs. As preliminary research, this study explores how social entrepreneurship supports economic sustainability
A Contested Identity: Contemporary Representation of Indonesian Chinese-Muslims on Instagram
Full text linkThe existence of Chinese Muslims in Indonesia is surrounded by a heavily prejudiced belief that Chinese-ness and Islam are considered "unsuitable". Chinese Muslims, particularly 'converts- turned-preachers', are still considered a unique identity. However, the rise of online Islamic piety on Instagram has become one of many ways for Chinese Muslims' to represent themselves and, to some extent, "normalize" their identities. This paper discusses how Chinese-Muslim preachers, namely Felix Siauw and Koko Liem, represent their versions of Chinese-ness and Islam on Instagram, a popular visual-based social media platform in Indonesia. This research uses Multimodal Discourse Analysis (MDA) to observe the preachers' identity narratives and ways to articulate their Chinese-ness and Islam on their respective accounts posts. It is shown that the heterogeneous stances and contesting interpretations on and about Chinese-ness and Islam in the Chinese-Muslim minority group are to some extent represented through the visual appearance and narrative on Instagram of both preachers. From these two figures, the researcher concludes that elements of Islamic religious identity tend to dominate and even fade ethnic Chinese identity in the negotiations between Chinese and Muslim identities. However, their Chinese-ness was strategically used and symbolically commodified to attract the masses. These two preachers become part of the heterogeneous spectrum of Chinese-Muslim representation in Indonesia and the "pavement" for a common image of the combination of the two identities in Indonesia
A Participatory Culture for Developing an Inclusive Environment in Higher Education
Full text linkIncreasing understanding, concern, partiality, and equality for persons with disabilities is important. One disparity can be found in the educational area. The role of the government to increase the capability of this group is the enactment of Law No. 8 of 2016, which substantially provides accessibility to persons with disabilities. The education environment needs to participate in building a disability-friendly education climate. This paper presents a higher education case study for students with special needs at Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta. The research uses the Inclusive Participatory Action Research approach to explore problems, design program planning, management, and implementation of efforts to create a disability-friendly environment. Through this approach, persons with disabilities are the subject of planning, implementation, and evaluation. It means that the active involvement of the target group is essential in this effort. The results show that participatory culture is essential in building an inclusive environment in higher education. The commitment and cooperation of all university members can realize a disability- friendly environment. The focus of this article includes (a) efforts to build a disability-friendly environment; (b) disability-friendly education approach; (c) challenges in the implementation and environmental impacts of inclusion in higher education. Hopefully, this idea can contribute to building an inclusive environment in an educational institution
Ethics of the Real for Political Analysis: Reflection on the (Renewed) Conflict in Palestine
Full text linkThis article expounds critical reflections and analysis on the discourse regarding the conflict in Palestine. The case is posited through the lens of a certain ethical position, namely the ethics of the real and the framework that it supports, namely Lacanian Psychoanalysis. Reflecting on the impasse that the discourse on the conflict in Palestine has been confronted with, this article argues that political analysis may take insight from psychoanalysis to make the course of analysis directed toward the deconstruction of the obsessive neuroticism at the core of this impasse. In doing so, the political analysis should take a retroductive course, moving back and forth between the ontological and ontical planes of the reality analysed. This enables political analysis to account more systematically the factors of inevitable lack in the structure and split on the subject and the corresponding affective dimension, which are central in the political constitution of social formation and identity. Through the analytical lens and approach from psychoanalysis, this article investigates and demonstrates how most of the discourses on the conflict in Palestine have strong propensity to avoid the conflict, which on its turn counterintuitively serve to prolong or fan further conflict, as they focus on the neatness and seamlessness of the reality constituted through their own discourses rather than grappling with the conflict
Incumbents' Behavior and Strategic Interactions Among Local Governments: The Case of Indonesia
Full text linkThis paper investigates Yardstick Competition among local governments in decentralized Indonesia by distinguishing bad from good incumbent behavior. By doing so, this paper provides a more explicit connection between theoretical foundation and empirical investigation, where political incumbency is viewed based on the political economy perspective. Given that voters can compare and benchmark their incumbent's performance, an incumbent who aims for the throne twice must consider neighboring local governments' performance as the reference, leading to strategic interaction across local governments. We conduct empirical examinations using Two-regime Spatial Econometrics for panel data consisting of 99 local governments in the West, Central, and East Java Provinces from 2010 to 2017. Our empirical estimation results confirm that mimicking behavior by bad incumbents, characterized by the underperformed public sector, is evident. Bad incumbents mimic their neighbor's public spending. However, we find no evidence of Yardstick Competition by incumbents in general
Pivotal Issues of Democratic Governance: A Literature Review
Full text linkDemocratic governance has become a popular term to influence public sector reform in many countries. As a new governance theory, democratic governance has also gained significant interest from scholarly circles. Scholars had different perspectives when discussing the topic of democratic governance. Political perspectives examined democratic governance, especially in terms of states, regime, election and democracy. Technological perspective saw the importance of ICTs, social media, artificial intelligence and big data. The public administration perspective studied the importance of public policy, public management and local government institutions. There were rarely scholars who mapped the ideas about democratic governance. The study tries to fill this gap in thinking about democratic governance by reviewing the journal articles on democratic governance published in Scopus data based. Via NVivo analysis tools, this study showed five pivotal issues, including “government,” “public,” “policy,” “political,’ and ‘institutional.’ Besides, this study revealed some important sub-issues of the pivotal issues, covered ‘responsible government,” “representative government,” “government policy,” “public participation,” “public affairs,” “public interest,” “public policy,” “policy formulation,” “policy implementation,” “political participation,” “political actors,” “political authority,” “institutional change,” “institutional capacity,” “state institutions.’ This study also developed propositions from the pivotal issues and sub-issues. Furthermore, this study proposed a new theoretical model based on the propositions. Finally, this study acknowledges the weaknesses and suggests future research
Indonesia’s Political Position on the Protection Policy of Migrant Workers in ASEAN
Full text linkAs a sending country of migrant workers in ASEAN, Indonesia has a weaker bargain than the receiving countries. This is in line with the thoughts of Marxist Feminism arguing that within the structure of a capitalist society, the owners of the capital, in which context are the receiving countries, have more power to control the factors of production. Indonesia has weak bargaining power, so Indonesia's political position in protecting its migrant workers in ASEAN has never changed. It has always been a follower country. One instance of the studies investigating the position was conducted by Amelia (2013) with their political position indicator. The researcher divides the country’s political position into the first country, the follower country, the satellite country, and the independent country. This study aims to examine Indonesia’s political position in the protection policies of Indonesian migrant workers in ASEAN. This study is framed by qualitative method with case study and interpretative analysis. The results of this study indicate that Indonesia’s political position on its migrant worker protection policies can be categorized into a follower country
“It’s Okay to be Slow:” Witnessing the Articulation of Connected Practices by Creative Collectives in Indonesia and Malaysia
Full text linkThis article focuses on the everyday responses of the local creatives in dealing with the problematic single narrative of creative cities. Aiming to understand the everyday creative and media practices of individuals in the creative collectives that are situated in emerging creative cities in Southeast Asia, the research specifically addresses key contemporary debates within the field of urban media and communication studies. The article gives priority to the voices of the city dwellers from a bottom-up approach, looking at the material and embodied practices in their everyday life. Empirically, this article seeks the alternative voices raised by the members of selected creative collectives - four collectives in Bandung, Indonesia, and four others in George Town, Malaysia - in articulating the meaning of creativity, the media practices involved within, and the organic ways of organizing urban collectives. Drawing insights from the notion of articulation and media practice, and by employing both ethnographic and visual methodology approaches, in particular the use of the photo-documentation method, there are three key thematic findings elaborated here. These themes are (1) social settings in media-related practices, (2) material objects and sensitive affection, and (3) the labor of love. The ways in which these are discussed, using a combination of ethnographic vignettes and photo collages, foreground the importance of cultural identity articulation practiced by the creative collectives in both cities. Thus, the interlinkage between mediated experiences, spatial practices, and visual contexts is also a key significant aspect in the analysis of these bottom-up, organic urban creativities