Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik
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Journey to Zero Violence: An Experience of Youth-Based Civil Society Organization in Eradicating Violent Practices in the School Initiation Programme
Get PDFPraktek-Praktek kekerasan dalam inisiasi sekolah merupakan bentuk tindakan dehumanisasi yang dilakukan di tingkat sekolah menengah atas di Indonesia terhadap siswa-siswi baru. Implikasi negatifnya muncul tidak hanya di internal sekolah saja, tetapi secara sosial telah merambah ke level yang lebih luas, yaitu merebaknya perilaku kekerasan di tengah masyarakat. Situasi yang telah berlangsung lama ini memerlukan penanganan secara kultural melalui Kemah Perdamaian (Peace Camp). Peace Generation sebagai salah satu organisasi berbasis pemuda menggelar program ini untuk mempromosikan nilai-nilai solidaritas, dialog antaragama, tindakan nir-kekerasan, dan pengenalan identitas sebagai modal berinteraksi sosial di lingkungan sekolah, keluarga, dan masyarakat. Melalui Kemah Perdamaian praktek-praktek kekerasan di sekolah secara perlahan berhasil diminimalisir dan diinternalisasi
Parliamentary, Presidential, and Semi-presidential Systems of Government: Representation or Policy-making Effectiveness?
Get PDFPerdebatan mengenai tipologi dan stabilitas institusi demokrasi telah berlangsung selama lebih dari 2 dekade. Perdebatan tersebut mendiskusikan dampak dari tipologi institusi demokrasi terhadap proses politik, output kebijakan, dan kinerja ekonomi. Artikel ini menganalisa kekuatan dan kelemahan demokrasi parlementer, demokrasi presidensial, dan demokrasi semi-presidensial dalam kaitannya dengan isu-isu tersebut. Artikel ini berargumen bahwa demokrasi semi-presidensial merupakan pilihan yang paling sesuai guna mencapai berbagai tujuan dari pemerintahan, yang demokratis
Demokrasi Biaya Tinggi: Dimensi Ekonomi dalam Proses Demokrasi Elektoral di Indonesia Pasca Orde Baru
Get PDFWorks on contemporary Indonesian democracy are now dominated by a Schumpeterian perspective which emphasizes method and procedure in achieving political decisions. It can be seen from many studies on procedure of participation, political competition, and development of a more plural party system and re-arrangement of representation institutions. Through a more critical point of view on Schumpeterian mainstream, this article explores economic dimension of Post Soeharto Indonesian electoral democracy. This paper discusses why electoral processes are becoming expensive. It also explores how the more expensive electoral processes bring more political corruption in governmental practices
Golput Pasca Orde Baru: Merekonstruksi Ulang Dua Perspektif
Get PDFThe non-voter phenomenon has been generating the controversial perspectives from The New Order to the Post-New Order. This paper discusses two important things: the non-voter based on the political movement perspective and political behavior perspective. First, the non-voter phenomenon has been capitalized by political actors as a political instrument to oppose the political regime. Second, according to political behaviorist science perspective, the non-voter has been analyzing as part of political behavior in national or local election event
Politik Klientelisme Baru dan Dilema Demokratisasi di Indonesia
Get PDFPolitical clientelism remains political dilemma in South East Asian Politics, including Indonesian. Thus, democratization agendas in Indonesia Post Soeharto definitely should lead to transform political clientelism into more democratic political practices that based on citizenship. However, the experience of Prosperous Justice Party in enhancing party-based philanthropy activities in Yogyakarta shows that political clientelism did not fade away, but have been transformed into new type of clientelism which is more plural. The clients has grown into more autonomous but segmented. 771% paper concludes that the pattern of clientelism in contemporay Indonesinn politics has been changed from dependent and dominant relations into asymmetrical and reciprocal political transaction between more plural patrons and relatively autonomous clients
Elit Politik Lokal dalam Perubahan Sistem Politik
Get PDFThe changing Indonesian political structure since the collapse of New Order Regime in 1998 has brought opportunity for local political elites. This article, using Giddens’ theory on structuration discusses how local political elites perceive the new political structure and exploit it in order to get power
Lingkungan dan Pembangunan Perdamaian: Refleksi Kasus Aceh
Get PDFThe role of environment is like a two sided coin. Once it can be seen as underlying cause of conflict, but at the other side it is useful to build sustainable peace. Nevertheless, the discourse on peace building through environmental cooperation in Indoneisa is less discussed than environmentally induces conflict. This condition creates an imbalance understanding of the inherent roles of environment, either to build peace or to create conflict. The article aims to reflect both environmental roles in the case of Aceh. From the environmental perspective, peace building processes in Aceh that have been started since MoU Helsinki should be incorporating two rutes in the same manner. First, government of Aceh and other stakeholders need to muffle all factors (foremost environmental factors) that potentially shape a new conflict. Second, environmental cooperation initiatives are needed to strengthen social cohesion and eliminate environmental injustice
Komunitas Berpagar: Antara Inovasi Sosial dan Ketegangan Sosial (Studi Kasus Komunitas Berpagar di Propinsi D.I Yogyakarta, Indonesia)
Get PDFGated communities grow fast in Yogyakarta, not only among middle-up class, but also middle-lower class in ‘kampung’. Social dynamics of urban society have increased the complex social problems. Urban social problems such us criminality, has made urban dwellers anticipate it by putting extra security in their homes. Urban community tries to secure their homes and their circumstances by using several things, such as installing tall entrance gates surrounding their residential areas or paying more for security guards. This research is aimed at capturing how far social changes has emerged after this so-called “gated community” has rapidly grown in Indonesian society. Using the case of Yogyakarta city, this paper tries to describe the phenomenon of “gated communities” into more comprehensive account
Dinamika Sistem Kesejahteraan dan Modal Sosial di Masyarakat Banjar Pakraman-Bali
Get PDFThis study explores and uncovers the welfare system of Banjar Pakraman-Bali community existing nowadays, and then the history and development are observed. Besides that, there is also observation on state welfare systems and the market worked in Banjar Pakraman community and its interaction. Due to welfare is a complex matter, then this study only focused on the fulfillment of public main necessaries in order to specify the discussion.The result suggests that community of Banjar Pakraman Batannyuh has a welfare system which was practiced since long time ago. This system is based on Menyama Braya and Suka Duka values, its institutions form of Keliran, Dadia and Sekehe besides through mechanisms of mutual cooperation, arisan, contribution and giving each other. The main principle of this system is even redistribution and balance without differentiating economic status of community, thus it is not pro poor. When public condition is homogenous, this system is effective to bring public welfare into reality. Whereas, with the heterogeneity in community and high discrepancy due to market system inducing makes this system become not effective. Even this system burdens public.On the other hand, state welfare system also reaches the community life of Banjar Pakraman. This system which derived from state is not replacing welfare system of Banjar Pakraman, but there is a variation on relation patterns, it is depend on the policy. In general, subsidy policy for poor community is ineffective, thus people makes an even redistribution according to main principle of Banjar Pakraman welfare system.The dynamics of public welfare system in Banjar Pakraman is phenomenon of social changing. This dynamics occurs due to influence from state and free market which got response from Banjar Pakraman community, thus the free market become more dominant. The influence of free market had change public behaviors, thus improve the efficiency and effectiveness of custom activity
Peran Negara dalam Menciptakan Perdamaian: Kasus Pilkada Langsung di Kab. Gianyar dan Kab. Buleleng, Provinsi Bali
Get PDFUntil recently, Direct Local Election within its implementation have been causing potential for serious conflict in regional level. Moreover, this is always leads to anarchy which triggers national disintegration. The Local Government power manages conflicts in Local Election needed for social stability. This paper will to elaborate the cases of conflicts in Local Election of Gianyar and Buleleng Regencies. However, the intensity resulted from both of regencies is different. Difference on conflict’s intensity raised is correlated to the role of government (in this case Local Government and other related institutions) in creating strategies for conflict solution in these regencies. The Government took several non-formal strategies for those parties involved. The non-formal strategies was taken for Gianyar Regency and its illustrated through several non-formal mediations to create peace and to build better communication within the resolution. I conclude that the hard situation in creating peace for conflict resolution in Buleleng was because the formal strategy taken is actually weakening communication between those involved in conflict, thus people use wrong strategies to address their message