Jurnal Sumberdaya Hayati
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Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Tangkai Daun Talas (Colocasia esculenta) Terhadap Bakteri Penyebab Jerawat
No full textJerawat adalah penyakit kulit yang disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya infeksi bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis. Pengobatan dengan bahan alam sudah banyak dilakukan untuk mengurangi efek samping penggunaan obat anti-jerawat. Talas memiliki khasiat sebagai obat dan berpotensi sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol 70% tangkai daun talas terhadap bakteri S. epidermidis dan senyawa bioaktif yang terkandung di dalamnya. Ekstrak dibuat dengan metode maserasi. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dengan metode difusi cakram dengan konsentrasi 0,5%; 1% ; 1,5%; 2%; dan 2,5% dengan klindamisin sebagai kontrol positif. Pengukuran zona bening atau diameter daya hambat (DDH) sebagai interpretasi data aktivitas antibakteri. Penapisan fitokimia meliputi alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, terpenoid, steroid, dan tanin. Hasil pengujian aktivitas antibakteri menunjukkan terdapat zona bening pada semua konsentrasi kecuali 0,5%, dengan nilai rata-rata DDH masing-masing sebesar 17,33 mm; 20 mm; 25 mm; dan 27,67 mm. Nilai rata-rata DDH pada kontrol positif sebesar 47 mm. Berdasarkan penapisan fitokimia pada ekstrak etanol 70% tangkai daun talas memiliki hasil positif di semua uji. Ekstrak etanol 70% tangkai daun talas berpotensi sebagai antibakteri terhadap S. epidermidis dan memiliki senyawa-senyawa yang berpotensi sebagai bioaktif.Acne is a skin disease caused by several factors, including infection with Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria. Natural compounds have been used to reduce side effects from anti-acne drugs. Colocasia esculenta has been found effective as a drug and potential antibacterial agent. This research aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of C. esculenta leaf stalk ethanol 70% extract against S. epidermidis and its bioactive compound. The extract was produced using the maceration method. The antibacterial activity was tested using the disk diffusion method with concentrations of 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5%, and clindamycin was used as a positive control. The clear zone was measured for antibacterial activity data interpretation. The results showed a clear zone at all concentrations except 0.5%, with values of 17.33, 20, 25, and 27.67 mm, respectively. The clear zone value for the positive control was 47 mm. Phytochemical screening of the taro leaf stalk ethanol 70% extract had positive results for all phytochemical tests. The results indicate that Colocasia esculenta leaf stalk ethanol 70% extract is potentially an antibacterial against S. epidermidis and contains other bioactive compounds
Population Density and Habitat Characteristics of Southern-Cassowary (Casuarius casuarius) at Wasur National Park, Merauke: Kepadatan Populasi dan Karakteristik Habitat Kasuari Gelambir Ganda (Casuarius casuarius) di Taman Nasional Wasur, Merauke
No full textSouthern Cassowary (Casuarius casuarius) is a seed disperser of North Australia and Southern Papua lowland forest ecosystem. Despite its dominant distribution in Southern Papua, there is a lack of information regarding its population and habitat characteristics. Due to its high sensitivity, the southern cassowary is rarely seen across the forest, yet the signs of its presence (feces and footprints) are abundant. This study analyzed the distributions, population, and habitat characteristics of the southern cassowary’s in Sota and Wanggo Resort, Wasur National Park, Southern Papua. Maximum Entropy results showed that its distribution focused on the northeastern area of Wanggo Resort and several points north of Sota Resort. Using fecal distance sampling, this study found that the southern cassowary population density in Wasur National Park areas was 0.8 ind/km2, primarily in lowland forests. The area corresponds to the variables that most influence the southern cassowary, which are NDVI, annual precipitation, and distance to the road. These findings underscore the urgency of local stakeholders to pay specific attention to lowland forests in Wasur National Park
Identifikasi Tumbuhan Pakan dalam Feses Kerbau (Bubalus bubalis Linnaeus) di Desa Penyangga Kawasan Taman Nasional Way Kambas: Identification of Forage Plants in Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis Linnaeus) Faecal at Buffer Village of Way Kambas National Park
Get PDFThe elephant in Way Kambas National Park (TNWK) is living side by side with the buffalos at the grazing area of TNWK’s buffer village. Considering that, the elephant may compete for food when the buffalo enters the conservation area. Data on the diversity of forage plant species is needed in managing buffalos livestock. This study aimed to identify the forage plants from undigested plant fragments in buffalo feces samples from TNWK’s buffer village. Samples were taken from 10 individuals of buffalo in savanna and palm oil plantation. Analysis of the plant composition was carried out by making microscopic whole mount paradermal sections of undigested plant fragments in the feces. Identification refers to epidermal characteristics that are matched with databases and references. The results showed that there were 21 types of epidermal cells which were dominated from Poaceae characterized by Gramineous stomata. The plants fragments found in almost all of the fecal samples were Hymenachne (Poaceae) and Fimbristylis (Cyperaceae). About 9 of the 21 species of plants consumed by buffalo in the buffer village are also foraged by elephants
Studi Ekologi Macrobrachium lanchesteri di Habitat Perairan IPB University: Ecological Study of Macrobrachium lanchesteri in the Aquatic Habitats of IPB University
No full textMacrobrachium lanchesteri merupakan udang air tawar yang menyebar luas di perairan Indonesia dan berpotensi mengganggu ekosistem lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji aspek ekologi M. lanchesteri di Danau Telaga Inspirasi, Kampus IPB Dramaga. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada delapan titik menggunakan perangkap berumpan usus ayam selama 48 jam, disertai pengukuran kualitas air (pH, suhu, DO). Hasil menunjukkan kelimpahan individu tertinggi pada titik dengan substrat berlumpur dan vegetasi tepi, khususnya titik 1 dan 4. Suhu dan pH perairan berkisar antara 29,2–30,8 °C dan 6,5–6,8, sedangkan DO berada pada 5,6–6,3 mg/L. Kondisi optimum bagi kelimpahan udang teridentifikasi pada suhu 29–29,5 °C, pH netral (6,5–6,6), dan DO >6 mg/L. Penurunan drastis kelimpahan pada pengulangan kedua diindikasikan akibat kualitas umpan yang menurun. Temuan ini mengonfirmasi preferensi habitat M. lanchesteri pada area bervegetasi dan menunjukkan potensi invasi serta dominansi ekologis yang perlu dimonitor secara berkelanjutanMacrobrachium lanchesteri merupakan udang air tawar yang menyebar luas di perairan Indonesia dan berpotensi mengganggu ekosistem lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji aspek ekologi M. lanchesteri di Telaga Inspirasi, Kampus IPB Dramaga. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada delapan titik menggunakan perangkap berumpan usus ayam selama 48 jam, disertai pengukuran kualitas air (pH, suhu, DO). Hasil menunjukkan kelimpahan individu tertinggi pada titik dengan substrat berlumpur dan vegetasi tepi, khususnya titik 1 dan 4. Suhu dan pH perairan berkisar antara 29,2-30,8 °C dan 6,5-6,8, sedangkan DO berada pada 5,6-6,3 mg/L. Kondisi optimum bagi kelimpahan udang teridentifikasi pada suhu 29-29,5 °C, pH netral (6,5-6,6), dan DO >6 mg/L. Penurunan drastis kelimpahan pada pengulangan kedua diindikasikan akibat kualitas umpan yang menurun. Temuan ini mengonfirmasi preferensi habitat M. lanchesteri pada area bervegetasi dan menunjukkan potensi invasi serta dominansi ekologis yang perlu dimonitor secara berkelanjutan
Potensi Waste Organic Product (WOP) FST 1310 terhadap Pertumbuhan Candida albicans Penyebab Kandidiasis: Potential of the Waste Organic Product (WOP) FST 1310 on the Growth of the Fungi Candida albicans Causes Candidiasis
Get PDFCandida albicans is an agent that causes candidiasis which can cause health problems in human’s organs. This study aims to determine the antifungal activity and inhibition zone diameter of Waste Organic Product (WOP) FST 1310 against Candida albicans. This type of research is experimental, using the Kirby-Bauer agar diffusion method with 6 treatments: P1: 100%, P2: 80%, P3: 60%, and P4: 40%, along with 2 controls, P5: nystatin (positive control) and P6: distilled water (negative control). The results showed that the WOP FST 1310 from orange peel had a larger inhibition zone diameter compared to the vegetable-derived. For the vegetable-derived eco-enzyme, the highest inhibition zone diameter was at a 100% concentration with an average of 3.7 mm. Meanwhile, for the orange peel eco-enzyme, the highest inhibition zone diameter was at a 40% concentration with an average of 5.3 mm
Inventarisasi Tanaman Obat di Sumber Sehat Multifarm, Ciampea, Bogor : Inventory of Medicinal Plants at Sumber Sehat Multifarm, Ciampea, Bogor
Get PDFThe use of medicinal plants to treat disease is still used in many areas. This research aimed to provide information about medicinal plants in Sumber Sehat Multifarm. Data such as local name, scientific name, habitus, part of the plants that are used, benefits, how to use, and also plant processing were collected through a semi-structured interview method. Data analysis was done through a quantitative method which calculated calculating the percentage of parts of the plants that were used and the habitus of the plants that were found. Qualitative analysis of data was done descriptively. The result showed that Sumber Sehat Multifarm uses 177 species belonging to 64 families as medicinal plants. Most plant species have herbaceous habitus. Part of the plants that are used mostly are the leaves. Most plant species of plant can treat more than one kind of disease. The benefits of the plant can be grouped into two categories: plants used to cure internal organ disease and plants used to treat external organ disease. Most plant species can be consumed by brewing or freshly eaten
From Farm to Field: Spent Mushroom Substrate as Potential Anti-Fungal Agents and Plant Growth Enhancer
No full textSpent mushroom substrate (SMS) is a result of mushroom growing utilizing mushroom substrate media, such as substrate. Unhandled SMS garbage demands a subscription and poses an environmental risk. The SMS was obtained from oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) in Jonggol, Bogor, West Java, using a mixture of sawdust, lime, and bran. The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of using SMS as a planting medium and biofertilizer for the growth of maize (Zea mays), also on determining the optimum concentration of SMS as an anti-pathogen for the plant pathogens Fusarium oxysporum and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. This research utilized a completely randomized design. The antifungal test results for SMS water extract against Fusarium oxysporum showed that the fungus was inhibited from growing at 60 to 100% extract concentrations. The use of SMS as a growing medium gave the best results on the growth of the number of plant leaves. Microscopic observation of the morphology of fungal pathogens Fusarium oxysporum and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides showed that there was damage to the structure of fungal hyphae in the treatment of SMS water extract with 100% extract concentration. SMS might offer an eco-friendly solution for enhancing agricultural productivity and promoting waste valorization in Indonesia.Spent mushroom substrate (SMS) is a result of mushroom growing utilizing mushroom substrate media, such as substrate. Unhandled SMS garbage demands a subscription and poses an environmental risk. The SMS was produced by cultivating oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) in Jonggol, Bogor, West Java, using a mixture of sawdust, lime, and bran. The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of using SMS as a planting medium and biofertilizer for the growth of maize (Zea mays), also on determining the optimum concentration of SMS as an anti-pathogen for the plant pathogens Fusarium oxysporum and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. This research utilized a completely randomized design. The antifungal test results for SMS water extract against Fusarium oxysporum showed that the fungus was inhibited from growing at 60% to 100% extract concentrations. The use of SMS as a growing medium gave the best results on the growth of the number of plant leaves. Microscopic observation of the morphology of fungal pathogens Fusarium oxysporum and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides showed that there was damage to the structure of fungal hyphae in the treatment of SMS water extract with 100% extract concentration
Preferensi Tanaman Pakan Kupu-Kupu di Lingkungan Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor
No full textButterflies are flower visitors and are important for plant pollinators. This research aimed to analyze the food plant preferences of butterflies and analyze the correlation between butterfly proboscis and flower corolla tube lengths. Observations of butterflies were carried out at four locations within Dramaga campus area of Bogor Agricultural University from March to April 2024. The results showed 23 species of butterflies were observed on the flowers of eighteen plant species. Hesperiids and Nymphalids butterflies were found dominantly. The shrub plant, Lantana camara is the most visited by butterflies (8 species), followed by Saraca indica (6 species), and Turnera ulmifolia (5 species). Butterflies prefer to visit tubular shape and purple color of flowers. Based on the correlation analysis, there was no significant correlation between the butterfly proboscis and the flower corolla tube lengths.Kupu-kupu merupakan pengunjung bunga dan pollinator penting bagi tumbuhan berbunga. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis preferensi tanaman pakan kupu-kupu dan analisis korelasi panjang probosis kupu-kupu dengan tabung corolla bunga. Pengamatan dilakukan di empat lokasi dalam kawasan kampus IPB IPB Dramaga pada bulan Maret hingga April 2024. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 23 spesies kupu-kupu teramati pada delapan belas spesies tanaman berbunga dan kupu-kupu dalam famili Hesperiidae dan Nymphalidae ditemukan dominan. Tanaman semak, Lantana camara paling banyak dikunjungi kupu-kupu (8 spesies), diikuti Saraca indica (6 spesies), dan Turnera ulmifolia (5 spesies). Kupu-kupu banyak mengunjungi bunga bentuk tubular dan bunga dengan warna ungu. Hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan tidak ada korelasi signifikan antara panjang probosis kupu-kupu dengan panjang tabung corolla bunga
Produksi Asam Asetat dari Pulp Kopi Robusta Menggunakan Saccharomyces cerevisiae dan Acetobacter aceti : Acetic Acid Production from Robusta Coffee Pulp using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Acetobacter aceti
Get PDFThe type of coffee commonly grown by Indonesian farmers is robusta coffee (Coffea robusta). The processing of robusta coffee has so far focused on producing coffee beans with good flavor, leaving behind coffee pulp waste that needs to be utilized. This study aims to utilize coffee pulp waste to produce vinegar through a fermentation process using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Acetobacter aceti. Vinegar production begins by rejuvenating A. aceti in YPG media and creating a growth curve. The fermentation of coffee pulp into vinegar involves two fermentation stages: alcoholic fermentation and acetic acid fermentation. Observation of the culture at the end of fermentation includes pH value, total acetic acid content, sugar content, and substrate utilization efficiency in product formation. The growth curve of A. aceti reaches the log phase at the 6th to 8th hour with a µmax of 0.45 hours-1. Vinegar from coffee pulp has the highest total acetic acid in 10 days of alcoholic fermentation and 7 days of acetic acid fermentation, which is 2.37%, with a pH value of 3.02, a Yp/s value of 0.995, and a ∆S/S value of 0.69. The amount of acetic acid obtained does not fulfill the requirements of SNI 01-4371-1996
Potensi Aktivitas Antibakteri dan Antioksidan dari Senyawa Bioaktif Bakteri Tanah Asal Samarinda, Kalimantan Timur: The Antibacterial and Antioxidant Potential of Bioactive Metabolites from Soil-Derived Bacteria in Samarinda, East Kalimantan
Get PDFAntibiotic resistance is a global challenge, especially in the treatment of bacterial infections. This study aims to explore the antibacterial and antioxidant potential of bioactive compounds isolated from soil bacteria in Samarinda, East Kalimantan. Of the 30 isolates tested, 1 potential isolate was obtained, namely isolate code T1.16. This potential bacterial isolate was further cultured and fermented in Tryptic Soybean and Luria Bertani Broth medium to obtain its crude secondary metabolite. Interestingly, its crude extract showed antibacterial activity with MIC values of 100.4-3,211 µg/ml against Escherichia coli strain ATCC 8739, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain ATCC 9027, Bacillus subtilis strain ATCC 6633, and Staphylococcus aureus strain ATCC 25923. Based on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method was used to identify antioxidant activity, IC50 values obtained ranged from 990-1730 µg/ml. Ultimately, by using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, bioactive compounds in the form of Cyclo(L-prolyl-L-valine), 2-methylpropyl and phenylmethyl in bacterial extract T1.16 have potential antioxidant and antibacterial bioactivities. These results support the potential development of new antibacterial and antioxidant compounds from soil bacteria, as well as the importance of further exploration for pharmacological applications