Jurnal Agrista
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Desain Primer Spesifik untuk Gen yang Berperan pada Biosintesis Beta Karoten Kelapa Sawit
No full textDesign in Specific Primer for Gen Controlling Beta Carotene Biosynthesis of Oil Palm ABSTRACT. The research towards increasing palm oil quality has received a great priority in compliance with high attentions for consumers to health and economic value of vegetable oil. The objective of experiment is to obtain specific primer and generate partial fragment gene having a role of increment in beta carotene biosynthesis of oil palm. Application of biomolecular technique in plant genetic engineering is believed to be able to accelerate the genetic gain. An effort to manipulate of carotene composition is basically modification in its biosynthetic enzymatic pathway. The approach primer designing PRIMER3 software was able to generate couple of primer Beta-F and Beta-R and produce fragment of lycopene -cyclase (578 bp). Success in construction of complete functional gene will be a base of creating oil palm varieties with improved palm oil quality in future
Dry Matter Accumulation, Seed Yield and Calcium (Ca) Content of Several Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Cultivars Grown under Different Shade Levels
No full textAkumulasi Bahan Kering, Hasil Biji dan Kandungan Kalsium (Ca) Beberapa Varietas Kacang Tanah yang Ditanam pada Tingkat Naungan BerbedaABSTRAK. Akumulasi bahan kering dan serapan kalsium (Ca) memiliki peranan yang sangat penting dalam proses pembentukan hasil kacang tanah. Intensitas cahaya rendah menjadi salah satu kendala utama dalam pengembangan kacang tanah sebagai tanaman sela pada lahan perkebunan, sehingga sangat dibutuhkan varietas kacang tanah toleran naungan. Pemahaman yang lebih baik terhadap proses yang terlibat pada adaptasi tanaman terhadap naungan dapat membantu dalam perakitan. varietas-varietas kacang tanah toleran naungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi akumulasi bahan kering, komponen hasil dan serapan kalsium (Ca) serta keterkaitannya dengan penurunan hasil pada kondisi naungan. Perlakuan disusun secara faktorial dalam rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama berupa naungan dengan dua taraf, yaitu 0% dan 50%, sedangkan faktor kedua berupa varietas kacang tanah yang terdiri dari Gajah, Jerapah, Mahesa, Panter dan Sima. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa penurunan akumulasi bahan kering akibat naungan 50% paling besar terjadi pada akar, sedangkan penurunan akumulasi bahan kering terkecil terjadi pada batang kacang tanah. Varietas sima pada naungan 50% menunjukkan penurunan produksi bahan kering, hasil biji dan kandungan kalsium (Ca) yang relative kecil dibandingkan varietas Gajah. Penurunan serapan Ca pada kondisi naungan mungkin dimediasi oleh peningkatan kelembaban relative (RH). Tampaknya ada keterkaitan antara kepekaan terhadap naungan dengan tingkat serapan kalsium (Ca) kacang tanah
Inokulasi Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskula dan Pemberian Fraksi Humat Jerami Padi pada Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.) di Ultisol
No full textThe Inoculation of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Rice Straw Humic Substance Treatment in Maize (Zea mays L.) on UltisolABSTRACT. The pot experiment were carried out to study effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) inoculation and rice straw humic substance treatment on yield of maize on ultisol. The experiment was conducted to obtain optimum rate of AMF and rice straw humic substance, which will be used as a guide to determine various rate of treatment in field experiment. The experiment used randomized block design and treatments were replicated four times. The first factor were AMF: 0, 1, 2, and 3 ton ha-1 and the second factor were rice straw humic substance: 0, 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 ton ha-1. Result showed that the highest yield of dried maize grain were 5.2 ton ha-1 at the AMF optimum dosage of 2.4 ton ha-1 and rice straw humic substance of 0.9 ton ha-1
Peranan Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskula Terhadap Pertumbuhan Leucaena leucocephala dalam Kondisi Cekaman Garam
No full textRule of Arbuscule Mycorrhiza Fungi on Growth of Leucaena leucocephala Under Salt StressABSTRACT. Symbiosis Arbuscule Mycorrhiza Fungi (AMF) and plant were not only improving growth and nutrition absorption, but also crop tolerance salinity. Increasing of tolerance to salinity following colonization of AMF promising due to phosphate absorption more efficient. Phosphate absorption of mycorrhizal plant mount equal to 115% compared to non-mycorrhizal plant. This issue will improve growth of crop and decrease influence of toxic ions. Mycorrhizae also can lessen forming of proline equal to 64.47% one of the way of osmotic adjustment of non mycorrhizal plant to increase tolerance. Despitefully accumulate sodium in mucorrhizal plant lower than non mycorrhizal, were degradation of sodium accumulation equal to 61.58%
The Utilization of Aquatic Weeds as Biomonitoring Agent for Trophic Status of Water Reservoir Ecosystem
No full textABSTRACT. An ecological study of aquatic weed for biomonitoring trophic status of water reservoir system was conducted in Rawa Pening Water Reservoir, Ambarawa, Semarang Regency. This research was conducted from February to October 2006. Variables of study were taken from nine selected observation stations representing upstream, middle, and downstream both in wet season and dry season. The study was aimed to investigate the diversity of aquatic weed in Rawa Pening Water Reservoir at the three zones in both season in order to obtain bioindicator for trophic status of water reservoir ecosystem. The analysis on community structure of aquatic weed was carried out by describing data on the diversity of aquatic weed species. The similarity of aquatic weed characteristics among zones was analyzed on the basis of average similarity dendogram. The variation of water quality and aquatic weed characteristics among stations was analyzed using multivariate analysis based on the analysis of main component, while spatial distribution of aquatic weed was analyzed using correspondence factorial analysis. Based on the variation of characteristics of water quality, Rawa Pening Water Reservoir belongs to eutrophic status. Low diversity of aquatic weed in Rawa Pening Water Reservoir both in wet season and dry season (12 species) was observed. The dominant species in both season were Eichhornia crassipes and Salvinia natans. Other species found were Hydrilla verticillata, Pistia stratiotes, Chara sp., Nitella sp., Ipomoea aquatic, Cyperus cephalotes, C. pilosus, Alternanthera philoxeroides, Nymphoides indica, and Sacciolepis interrupta. Both in wet season and dry season, spatial distribution on the basis of aquatic macrophyte weed was evenly distributed and had grouping pattern of sufficienly high similarity ( 70%). The group tended to be dominated by E. crassipes and S. natans
Daya Interaksi Beberapa Varietas dengan Berbagai Defiensi Air Fase Tumbuh Kedelai [Glycine max (L) Merrill] Berdasarkan Pertumbuhan, Produksi dan Kandungan Prolin
No full textThe Interaction Water Deficiency Level and Soybean Varieties [Glycine max (L) Merr] Capacity to the Plant Growth, Product and Prolin ContentABSTRACT. The research was conducted to study the interaction water deficiency level and soybean varieties to capacity of the plant growth, product and prolin content. The experiment as factorial experiment in a completely randomized design was applied. The first treatment factors were three level varieties soybean: Kipas putih, Wilis, and Singgalang. The second factor were four level water deficiency: no water deficiency along the growth period, water deficiency along early vegetative growth period, water deficiency along early active of vegetative growth period, water deficiency along flowering, and forming and seed filling period, and water deficiency along seed maturity period. The results showed the water deficiency along each growth period decreased the growth and production. In contrast the water deficiency increases the plant prolin content. The water deficiency along flowering, forming and seed filling period decreased number of pod of all variety. The variety Kipas Putih decreased about 42.49% were compared to the same criteria with no water deficiency in all growth period where water given in normal amount along the through growth period
Evaluasi Beberapa Sifat Biologi Tanah di Rhizosfer Jagung pada Lahan Terkena Tsunami Akibat Inokulasi Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskula (CMA) dan Pupuk Kandang
No full textEvaluation of Same Biological Properties of Maize Rhizosphere on Tsunamy-Affected Land Caused by Inoculation of Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Fungi (AMF) and ManureABSTRACT. Tsunami caused soil degradation and plant productivity. Inoculation of arbuscule mycorrhizae fungi (AMF) and manure were the methods which are able to improve soil quality. Soil biology properties was a parameter that can be used to assess the quality of a land. The objective of this study were to evaluate some properties of soil biology in the tsunami-affected land influence by AMF and manure. This experiment was conducted to Randomized Block Design with three replications. The results showed that the treatment affecting some soil biology properties was inoculation of AMF. This inoculation had highly significant effect on phosphate solubilizing microorganisms, significant effect on total microbial population, fungi, bacteria, and celulolytic microorganisms, whereas their activity were not affected significantly
Kandungan Fosfor dan pH Tanah Akibat Pemupukan Nitrogen dan Fosfor pada Ultisols dan Inseptisols
No full textContent of Soil Phosphorus and pH Caused by Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizations on Ultisols and InceptisolsABSTRACT. The objective of this research were to study the effect on nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilization on pH, content of soil P and dry weight of sunflowers (Heliantus annuus L.) on Ultisols and Inceptisols. The design of experiment used was a randomized completely block design arranged in factorial pattern with two factors. The first factor was N fertilizer (without N and 100 kg ha-1 N) and the second factor was P fertilizer (without P, 50, 100, and 150 kg ha-1 P). The result showed that the application P fertilizer several dosage was increasing soil pH, total soil P, and dry weight of sunflowers on Inceptisols and Ultisols. Available P was more strongly influenced by soil of order (Inceptisols was better than Ultisols) due to application of P fertilizer several dosage on 100 kg ha-1 N
Keragaman Somaklonal pada Krisan (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev) Secara In Vitro dengan Menggunakan Kolkisin
No full textVariation of Somaclonal on Krisan (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev) by In Vitro With Colkisin ApplicationABSTRACT. The purpose of this research induced somaclonal variation in four Chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev) cultivars by using colchisine through in vitro culture. The research design was factorial completely randomized design with ten replications. The first factor consisted of four Chrysanthemum cultivars namely Fiji White, Puma Putih, Fiji Dark and Stroika. The second factor comprised of six levels treatment of colchicine concentrations i.e. 0, 0.01, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075 and 0.1% w/v. The result showed that the growth of plantlet after treatment of colchicines much slower than control. The treatment of colchicines was reducing the shot initiation, plantlet high, number of leaves and nodes, number of roots and roots length but increased leaf chlorophyll content
The Tolerance of Several Genotypes of Upland Rice to Shading at Different Growth Stages
No full textToleransi Beberapa Genotip Padi Gogo terhadap Naungan pada Fase Pertumbuhan BerbedaABSTRAK. Keberhasilan pengembangan padi gogo sebagai tanaman sela pada areal perkebunan tanaman karet sangat tergantung pada tingkat toleransinya terhadap naungan. Metode penyaringan yang tepat dan akurat sangat membantu dalam penyediaan padi gogo toleran naungan dalam jumlah banyak. Dua set penelitian telah dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi apakah toleransi padi gogo terhadap naungan selama fase vegetatif memiliki konsistensi dengan naungan selama masa pertumbuhan tanaman (fase vegetatif dan reproduktif). Perlakuan pada penelitian 1 dan 2 disusun secara faktorial dalam rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama berupa naungan dengan menggunakan paranet hitam dua taraf yaitu 0% dan 50%, sedangkan faktor kedua berupa genotip padi gogo yang meliputi Jatiluhur, B9048C, TB177E, Batutegi, Kalimutu, dan Limboto. Naungan diberikan selama fase pertumbuhan vegetatif dan selama masa pertumbuhan tanaman (fase vegetatif dan reproduktif). Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa genotip Jatiluhur, B9048C, TB177E, Batutegi secara konsisten menunjukkan hasil lebih tinggi daripada genotip Kalimutu dan Limboto baik pada naungan selama fase vegetatif dan naungan selama masa pertumbuhan tanaman. Padi gogo yang toleran terhadap naungan selama fase vegetatif juga menunjukkan toleransi terhadap naungan selama masa pertumbuhan tanaman (fase vegetatif dan reproduktif)