University of Applied Sciences Emden Leer
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Impact of Item Polarity on the Scales of the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ)
No full textMeasuring user experience is vital for long-term success of interactive products. Questionnaires like the modular extension of the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ+) are an established instrument for this purpose. Different item formats are available for these questionnaires, such as the number of response options (most frequent 5- or 7- point Likert scales). But the item format of an UX questionnaire can of course influence the measured results. We investigate in this paper if the change to a one-sided polarity of semantic differential items influences the effort of the participants required to answer these items and on the measured scale scores. Therefore, we conducted 6 studies with 438 collected responses for the well-known products Microsoft PowerPoint, WhatsApp and Google Maps. Each product was evaluated by a sample of participants with the original UEQ and a modified version of the UEQ with one-sided polarity. In the modified version, the positive term of the semantic differ ential was always placed in the right position, while it is placed in half of the items in the positive and the other half in the left position in the original UEQ version. The results showed that the effort to complete the questionnaire (completion time and number of required corrections) was lower for the version with one-sided polarity, but the differences were so small that they are not practically relevant. But the results also showed that the change to a one-sided polarity introduced an answer tendency, which impact the scale scores. Therefore, the results obtained with the two versions of the UEQ cannot directly be compared. Based on this, we can conclude that it is not possible to directly compare the scores of the original UEQ scales with the corresponding scores of UEQ+ scales
Development and Evaluation of a Process Management and Analytics Platform for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises
No full textFluid–structure interaction of a dynamic seal with a 3D-printed surface
No full textAdditive manufacturing (AM) methods are finding more and more applications in the manufacturing of machine parts. One consequence of this method is that generated surface qualities are typically lower than in other processes. This becomes especially relevant when the surface quality is critical for the mechanical function: This is the case in dynamic sealing technologies, for example, in seals between a moving rod and a hydraulic cylinder. Between the seal lip and the polished rod, a thin lubrication film is established with the goal of minimal leakage. How well this goal is reached depends on the surface quality of the seal. For spare part production of seals, we investigate AM methods, which have a surface defined by layers from fused filament fabrication (FFF). We apply a coupled model for fluid–structure interaction of the elastic seal and the film flow. This model provides information on flow field and pressure distribution. Results change when the ‘ideal’ seal lip is replaced by the seal lip geometry from FFF. The continuous loss of solid body contact is replaced by a stepwise loss of contact for the FFF surface
Report of 2021 DINRG Workshop on Centralization in the Internet
No full textThe Internet Research Task Force (IRTF) Research Group on Decentralizing the Internet (DINRG) hosted a workshop on Centralization in the Internet on June 3, 2021. The workshop focused on painting a broad-brush landscape of the Internet centralization problem space: its starting point, its driving force, together with an articulation on what can and should be done
Executory contracts in insolvency: The German perspective
No full textThe treatment of executory contracts is often decisive for the success of a substantial business reorganization. Ipso facto clauses can effectively be the end of a debtor’s chance to continue trading while liabilities arising from the future commitment to perform executory contracts can similarly be an unbearable burden for the debtor’s business and a successful restructuring. The German insolvency law (InsO), therefore, gives the debtor in distress or the appointed insolvency administrator a choice on performance or non-performance of executory contracts. To avoid that such decision is already taken by the counterparty based on an ipso facto clause such clauses are regularly held to be void by German courts. The new German restructuring (StaRUG) procedure offers explicit protection against ipso facto clauses but does not allow the debtor to terminate executory contracts or restructure future liabilities arising from such contracts. Thus, there are two statutory regimes to deal with a distressed situation, but only one offers the debtor a comprehensive statutory solution to reorganize its business should liabilities from executory contracts be a burden for the debtor’s future success and the counterparty be unwilling to renegotiate the contract
Negative and protective experiences influencing the well-being of refugee children resettling in Germany: a qualitative study
No full textObjective Conflict, forced migration and searching for safety in a foreign land are all experiences common to refugee children. They experience potentially traumatic events that are distinct from the general population, yet current adverse childhood experience (ACE) studies do not cover these events. Studies that do examine refugee children’s experiences typically focus on a single stage of migration or adversities from the community, offering insight into only a fraction of their realities. This study aimed to identify potentially traumatising and protective experiences subjectively perceived as influencing refugee children’s well-being from all stages of migration and all socio-ecological levels.DesignQualitative study with thematic analysis of semi-structured individual and group interviews. Themes were organised within a socio-ecological model.SettingNon-profit organisations, youth welfare facilities and societies that organise civic engagement for refugee families in the Rhine-Neckar region in Germany provided rooms where interviews could be conducted.ParticipantsRefugee parents and children who spoke one of the four most common languages of those seeking asylum in Germany in 2018 were included. This study excluded refugees who were not fleeing a conflict area. Forty-seven refugee parents and 11 children (aged 8–17 years) from Syria, Iraq, Palestine, Afghanistan and Eritrea participated.ResultsEight major themes emerged from interviews including six reflecting potentially negative experiences and two potentially protective themes. These themes evolved from experiences such as family dispersion, displacement, rigorous immigration and national policies, as well as constructive parenting and community support.ConclusionIt is increasingly important to identify these diverse experiences as the refugee population continues to grow, and the increased prevalence of poor health outcomes in refugee children continues to be widely documented. Identifying ACEs specifically relevant to refugee children could contribute to understanding potential pathways and could further serve as a starting point for tailored interventions
Infrastructure of a Laboratory Coupled Co-simulation for the Investigation of Flexibility Provision in Distribution Grids
No full textNumerical simulations of smart grids typically operate under the assumption that the power grid is in a steady state and hence, too small or too fast transient effects in the grid are neglected. Moreover, some device characteristics of a real energy system may not be taken into account, due to the high complexity of these devices which could make the numerical calculations inefficient. This requires further experiments including the coupling of relevant hardware to be able to monitor and validate the system’s behavior under close-to-real conditions with the help of Power-Hardware-in-the-loop experiments. Moreover, combining infrastructures from different energy laboratories offers larger environments with extended functionalities provided from numerical simulations and hardware emulations. Within the scope of the research project “Future Energy Laboratory – ZLE”, a concept for coupling spatially separated energy laboratories in Lower Saxony, Germany, is to be developed. In this paper, two laboratories are used for collaborative experiments to build a standard low voltage grid topology, where simulations are performed to test strategies for voltage control at grid nodes with the help of decentral flexibility provision. Two different testing environments are applied to investigate the restrictions of the laboratory coupling approach in two simulation scenarios. A corresponding numerical simulation has been performed for each scenario for validation purposes. Although deviations between the reference model and the experimental results were observed, the results show the viability of geographically separated co-simulations for quasidynamic studies
Massively parallel confocal dark field microscopy
No full textA new technique which combines the advantages of darkfield microscopy with those of confocal microscopy has been developed. The Massively Parallel Confocal darkfield method implemented on a DMD-based confocal platform allows for detection of non-fluorescing particles with dimensions below the diffraction limit. The lateral resolution and depth discrimination of three dimensional objects are improved relative to conventional darkfield microscopy
Der Umgang mit Agilität in der Unternehmenskultur: Herausforderungen und Lösungsansätze
No full textIn diesem essential wird die Wichtigkeit des erfolgreichen Zusammenspiels von Unternehmenskultur und Agilität herausgearbeitet: Aktuelle Studien zeigen, dass agile Arbeitsweisen verstärkt in Unternehmen eingeführt werden; es jedoch auch Barrieren bei der Einführung gibt, die ihren Ursprung u.a. im Aufeinandertreffen unterschiedlicher Kulturen und Arbeitsweisen haben. Die Autor:innen gehen auf vier Herausforderungen detailliert ein, die sich auf die Fehler- & Lernkultur, die Angst vor Experimenten, das fehlendes Vertrauen gegenüber den Menschen der Organisation sowie zuletzt die Führungs- & Entscheidungskultur beziehen. Diese werden anhand praxisnaher Beispiele diskutiert und ihre Ausprägungen für die Ebenen Organisation, Team und Individuum erläutert. Für jeden Themenschwerpunkt gibt es Tipps für die Praxis, die dabei unterstützen, die Probleme zu erkennen und zu mildern
Grundlagen zum Zusammenspiel von Agilität und Kultur
No full textWir haben häufiger beobachtet, dass Fachbegriffe in der Praxis synonym verwendet werden, was zu Konflikten führen kann. Daher geben wir in diesem Kapitel einen kurzen Überblick zu theoretischen Grundlagen und erläutern einige Definition. Diese Zusammenfassung der theoretischen Grundlagen soll dabei helfen, ein gemeinsames Verständnis für die praktischen Probleme zu entwickeln, die in den darauffolgenden Kapiteln diskutiert werden