University of Applied Sciences Emden Leer
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509 research outputs found
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Exploring the Definition of Small Data Collected with HCI Methods and Used for ML
No full textIn this position paper, we explore the characteristics of small data sets within the domain of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), where Machine Learning (ML) techniques are applied. We investigate the definition of small data sets in HCI experiments, the challenges and opportunities associated with using ML with small data, and the potential applications of small data in various contexts. Drawing on a systematic literature review and AI chatbot queries, we provide insights about small HCI data sets used for ML
How are AI assistants changing higher education?
No full textContext: Higher education is changing at an accelerating pace due to the widespread use of digital teaching and emerging technologies. In particular, AI assistants such as ChatGPT pose significant challenges for higher education institutions because they bring change to several areas, such as learning assessments or learning experiences.
Objective: Our objective is to discuss the impact of AI assistants in the context of higher education, outline possible changes to the context, and present recommendations for adapting to change.
Method: We review related work and develop a conceptual structure that visualizes the role of AI assistants in higher education.
Results: The conceptual structure distinguishes between humans, learning, organization, and disruptor, which guides our discussion regarding the implications of AI assistant usage in higher education. The discussion is based on evidence from related literature.
Conclusion: AI assistants will change the context of higher education in a disruptive manner, and the tipping point for this transformation has already been reached. It is in our hands to shape this transformation
“We need to talk about ChatGPT”: The future of AI and higher education
No full textOn November 30th, 2022, OpenAI released the large language model ChatGPT, an extension of GPT-3. The AI chatbot provides real-time communication in response to users’ requests. The quality of ChatGPT’s natural speaking answers marks a major shift in how we will use AI-generated information in our day-to-day lives. For a software engineering student, the use cases for ChatGPT are manifold: assessment preparation, translation, and creation of specified source code, to name a few. It can even handle more complex aspects of scientific writing, such as summarizing literature and paraphrasing text. Hence, this position paper addresses the need for discussion of potential approaches for integrating ChatGPT into higher education. Therefore, we focus on articles that address the effects of ChatGPT on higher education in the areas of software engineering and scientific writing. As ChatGPT was only recently released, there have been no peer-reviewed articles on the subject. Thus, we performed a structured grey literature review using Google Scholar to identify preprints of primary studies. In total, five out of 55 preprints are used for our analysis. Furthermore, we held informal discussions and talks with other lecturers and researchers and took into account the authors’ test results from using ChatGPT. We present five challenges and three opportunities for the higher education context that emerge from the release of ChatGPT. The main contribution of this paper is a proposal for how to integrate ChatGPT into higher education in four main areas
Uncertainty analysis in distribution grids: a literature review and proposed procedure for a quasi-dynamic co-simulation
No full textIn Germany, distribution grid operators are pursuing a smartification strategy, supported by the expected rollout of smart meters, to enhance power grid observability and address power quality issues. This paper presents a comprehensive literature review on uncertainty analysis in distribution grids, covering modelling and quantification aspects. It explores research areas such as grid monitoring and the renewable energy integration and offers a comprehensive review of the methodologies employed to tackle various uncertainty sources. Moreover, it identifies research gaps concerning the need for data-driven energy management approaches, underrepresentation of communication and grid event-related sources of uncertainty, and the limited investigation of the cumulative impact of different uncertainty categories on grid performance. Based on the findings from the comprehensive literature review, this paper presents a procedure for a quasi-dynamic co-simulation within a case study for a district low voltage grid. This integral step enhances previous studies, where uncertainties in input data, models and results were not considered. In future studies, it is essential to include and compare prevailing methodologies for each category of uncertainty. In addition, areas that have been underrepresented are worth exploring in depth. This paper thus provides the basis for an expanded, more holistic approach to future studies
ANDES, the high resolution spectrograph for the ELT: project management and system engineering approaches for mastering its preliminary design phase
No full textAt the end of 2021, the ESO council approved the start of the construction phase for a High Resolution Spectrograph for the ELT, formerly known as ELT-HIRES, renamed recently as ANDES (ArmazoNes high Dispersion Echelle Spectrograph). The current initial schedule foresees a 9-years development aimed to bring the instrument on-sky soon after the first-generation ELT instruments. ANDES combines high spectral resolution (up to 100,000), wide spectral range (0.4 µm to 1.8 µm with a goal from 0.35 µm to 2.4 µm) and extreme stability in wavelength calibration accuracy (better than 0.02 m/s rms over a 10-year period in a selected wavelength range) with massive optical collecting power of the ELT thus enabling to achieve possible breakthrough groundbreaking scientific discoveries. The main science cases cover a possible detection of life signatures in exoplanets, the study of the stability of Nature’s physical constants along the universe lifetime and a first direct measurement of the cosmic acceleration. The reference design of this instrument in its extended version (with goals included) foresees 4 spectrographic modules fed by fibers, operating in seeing and diffraction limited (adaptive optics assisted) mode carried out by an international consortium composed by 24 institutes from 13 countries which poses big challenges in several areas. In this paper we will describe the approach we intend to pursue to master management and system engineering aspects of this challenging instrument focused mainly on the preliminary design phase, but looking also ahead towards its final construction
CargoTube: Next Generation Sustainable Transportation by Hyperloop Technologies
No full textCargoTube is a new approach for cost-efficient Low-Pressure Tube Transport (LPTT) which uses established technologies and can be implemented quickly. This makes it an affordable alternative to developments such as complex conventional hyperloop systems. CargoTube is less costly to deploy and affords lower safety and infrastructure requirements. At the same time, it is complementary to and compatible with emerging hyperloop standards and technologies. The benefits of zero direct emission while still providing high-speed movement of goods with great potential for sustainably, linking urban areas, economic regions, and production facilities are obvious
Bereitschaft zur Beteiligung an illegalen Straßenrennen: Welchen Einfluss haben Geschlecht, Persönlichkeit und Fahrverhalten?
No full textRisikoreiches Verhalten im Straßenverkehr kann eine erhebliche Beeinträchtigung der Sicherheit im Straßenverkehr darstellen. Die vorliegende explorative Studie untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen der sogenannten Dunklen Triade (Narzissmus, Machiavellismus, Psychopathie) und risikoreichem Verhalten im Straßenverkehr. Dabei wurde sowohl alltägliches Fahrverhalten untersucht als auch die Bereitschaft, sich an illegalen Straßenrennen zu beteiligen. N=274 Probanden füllten dazu einen Online-Fragebogen aus, der allgemeines Fahrverhalten, die Bereitschaft zur Teilnahme an illegalen Straßenrennen und die Dunkle Triade erfragte. Zusammenhänge zeigten sich zwischen einer höheren Ausprägung der Dunklen Triade und einer vermehrten Bereitschaft zur Beteiligung an illegalen Straßenrennen. Außerdem konnte festgestellt werden, dass Männer zu mehr Verstößen gegen die Straßenverkehrsordnung neigen als Frauen
Customer Centricity in der Neuproduktentwicklung: Radikale Kundenorientierung als Schlüssel für potenzialstarke Innovationen
No full textDer Innovationsdruck auf Unternehmen steigt. Die Marktbedingungen werden volatiler. Die Zahl der Mitbewerber:innen steigt. Neue Geschäftsmodelle wirbeln alte Strukturen durcheinander. Und Kund:innen sind immer besser informiert und digital vernetzt. Nur Angebote, die verständliche und glaubwürdige Lösungen für die eigenen „Pain Points“ liefern, können sich durchsetzen
Industrial Agents: From the Holonic Paradigm to Industrial Cyber‐Physical Systems
No full textThis chapter introduces the main conceptual foundations of multi-agent systems and holonic systems and presents the framing of industrial agents as an instantiation of such technological paradigms to face industrial requirements such as, for example, those posed by industrial cyber-physical systems (ICPS). It addresses the alignment of industrial agents with RAMI 4.0. The chapter also addresses the use of industrial agents to realize ICPS, to concretely enhance the functionalities provided by the asset administration shells (AAS). Holonic paradigm translates the Köstler's observations and Herbert Simon's theories into a set of appropriate concepts for distributed control systems. Along with the holonics principles, an industrial agent usually has an associated physical hardware counterpart, which increases the deployment complexity. On the one side, the AAS is designed to be available for both non-intelligent and intelligent digitalized assets, which is also a digital basis for autonomous components and systems
Motivational benefits and usability of a handheld Augmented Reality game for anatomy learning
No full textTo explore the benefits of scalable, interactive handheld Augmented Reality (AR) serious games for anatomical terminology learning, an AR learning game for German-Latin terminology of bone-structures and areas of the female pelvis was developed and evaluated. The evaluation of the game with 36 midwifery students was conducted with a focus on intrinsic motivation, usability and perceived usefulness of the app. The results indicated strong effect sizes of increased perceived competence and intrinsic motivation, and a medium effect size for increased pressure (Intrinsic Motivation Inventory) after completing the AR game. Furthermore, students perceived the usability of the game as "best imaginable" (contextualization of SUS scores) and strongly agreed that the app is very useful to them