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Posterior partial crowns out of lithium disilicate (LS2) with or without posts: A randomized controlled prospective clinical trial with a 3-year follow up
No full textObjectives: The objective of this randomized controlled trial was to assess the influence of use of posts as well as the type of posterior tooth (premolars vs molars) for the treatment with lithium disilicate (LS2) partial crowns.
Materials and methods: A total of 60 patients were treated with posterior LS2 partial crowns. Two groups (n = 60) were made based on the type of restored tooth: Group 1, premolars and Group 2, molars. The samples of each group were divided into 2 subgroups (n = 30): Subgroup A restored with fiber posts and Subgroup B without them. Clinical and intraoral radiographic examinations were assessed during each recall (6 months and, 1, 2, and 3 years). Kaplan-Meier log-rank test and Cox regression analysis (Pp < 0.05) were applied.
Results: Three subgroups showed 100% of survival while group 2 A exhibited the lowest performance (93.3%). The Cox regression analysis showed that the presence of the post was not a significant factor for survival time (Hazard Ratio HR = 0388; CI95% Confidence Interval for H R = 0,1- to 1,5; pp = 017). Tooth type had an influence on survival time that was at the limit of statistical significance (Hazard Ratio HR = 0123; CI95% Confidence Interval for HR = 0 0015- to 0997; p = 005). Particularly, failure risk was greater for premolars. 'Post by tooth type' interactions were not statistically significant (p = 0126).
Conclusions: over a 3-year observation period, the clinical performance of endodontically treated teeth restored with lithium disilicate partial crowns was not significantly affected by the use of a fiber post and by the type of tooth (premolars or molars)
Strassoldo Giulio Giuseppe
No full textBiografia di Giulio Giuseppe Strassoldo, governatore della Lombardia nell'età della restaurazion
Normative growth charts for Shwachman-Diamond syndrome from Italian cohort of 0-8 years old.
No full textGenetics, diagnosis and treatment of lynch syndrome: Old lessons and current challenges (Review)
No full textLynch syndrome (LS) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder associated with germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes. The carriers of pathogenic mutations in these genes have an increased risk of developing a colorectal cancer and/or LS-associated cancer. The LS-associated cancer types include carcinomas of the endometrium, small intestine, stomach, pancreas and biliary tract, ovary, brain, upper urinary tract and skin. The criteria for the clinical diagnosis of LS and the procedures of the genetic testing for identification of pathogenetic mutations carriers in MMR genes have long been known. A crucial point in the mutation detection analysis is the correct definition of the pathogenecity associated with MMR genetic variants, especially in order to include the mutation carriers in the endoscopy surveillance programs more suited to them. Therefore, this may help to improve the LS-associated cancer prevention programs. In the present review, we also report the recent discoveries in molecular genetics of LS, such as the new roles of MMR protein and immune response of MMR repair deficiency in colorectal cancer. Finally, we discuss the main therapeutic approaches, including immunotherapy, which represent a valid alternative to traditional therapeutic methods and extend the life expectancy of patients that have already developed LS-associated colorectal cancer
S100B Protein Stimulates Proliferation and Angiogenic Mediators Release through RAGE/pAkt/mTOR Pathway in Human Colon Adenocarcinoma Caco-2 Cells
No full textChronic inflammation and angiogenesis are associated with colonic carcinogenesis. Enteric glia-derived S100B protein has been proposed as an "ideal bridge", linking colonic inflammation and cancer, given its dual ability to up-regulate nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) transcription via receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) signaling and to sequestrate wild type pro-apoptotic wild type (wt)p53. However, its pro-angiogenic effects on cancer cells are still uninvestigated. To this aim, we evaluated the effect of exogenous S100B (0.05-5 μM) protein alone or in the presence of S100B blocking monoclonal antibody (mAb) (1:105-1:104v/v diluted) on (1) cultured Caco-2 cells proliferation, migration and invasiveness in vitro, respectively by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT)-formazan, wound healing and matrigel invasion assays and (2) its effect on the release of pro-angiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by ELISA and immunofluorescence analyses. The effect of S100B alone or in the presence of S100BmAb was then investigated on RAGE/pAkt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway by immunoblot analysis. Our results showed that S100B markedly increases proliferation and invasiveness of Caco-2 cells, through the release of pro-angiogenic VEGF and NO paralleled to a significant decrease of wtp53 expression mediated by RAGE-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/pAkt-mTOR and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1α) pathways. Such effects were counteracted by S100BmAb, indicating that S100B targeting is a potential approach to inhibit colon carcinoma proliferation and angiogenesis
Phantom Phone Signals in youths: Prevalence, correlates and relation to psychopathology
No full textThe term Phantom Phone Signals (PPS) refers to the perception of a mobile phone ringing, vibrating and blinking when in fact it did not. Data in youth are lacking, and controversies exist on whether PPS is related to psychopathology. In the present study, we showed data on the prevalence of PPS in a population (N = 2959) of students aged 10 to 14 years. We also explored the possible association between PPS and emotional or behavioural problems. Our results showed that PPS is a relatively common phenomenon with a prevalence rate of 58.9%, being more frequent in females. In univariate and multivariate analyses, we also found an association between the presence of PPS and emotional problems and temper tantrums, after accounting for relevant covariates. PPS is a relevant phenomenon to be considered in youth. It is common and may be a signal for emotional problems
BIOACCESSIBILITY AND BIOAVAILABILITY OF THE HYDROALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OBTAINED FROM ONION (ALLIUM CEPA L.) TUNICS
No full textA large body of evidence suggests that high dietary consumption of polyphenol-rich fruit and
vegetables protects against the development of chronic inflammatory diseases [1]. After
consumption of plant-derived foods and beverages, dietary polyphenols are partially modified during
gastrointestinal digestion and then absorbed in the small intestine and metabolized by the body, or
reach the colon, where are subjected to catabolism by the gut microbiota followed by absorption of
the resulting products. After absorption, polyphenols are submitted to metabolic detoxication
processes, including glucuronidation, methylation and sulfation, and then are excreted through urine
and bile. Quercetin, a flavonol present in many fruits and vegetables, especially onion (Allium cepa
L.), is commonly found as glycosides, since the aglycone is highly reactive and relatively insoluble
in aqueous media [2]. The pathways of quercetin absorption in the gastrointestinal tract of humans
and other mammals are quite well understood. The present study aimed to provide more information
regarding the in vitro bioaccessibility and bioavailability of an onion tunic hydroalcoholic extract rich
in quercetin and its derivatives. In particular, to evaluate the bioaccessibility, the extract was
submitted to a simulated in vitro gastro-, gastro-duodenal- and duodenal-digestion. After HPLCPDA-
MS analysis, a significant increase in all quercetin derivatives was found in the extract after the
in vitro digestion. The bioavailability of quercetin and its derivatives was determined using the
Parallel Artificial Membrane Permeation Assay (PAMPA) model system for the evaluation of passive
transcellular permeability. Through the use of PAMPA model system, the passive transport of
quercetins was demonstrated. The measured rate of quercetins absorption was limited, and in line
with literature data
Preparation of paper-based devices for reagentless electrochemical (bio)sensor strips
No full textDespite substantial advances in sensing technologies, the development, preparation, and use of self-testing devices is still confined to specialist laboratories and users. Decentralized analytical devices will enormously impact daily lives, enabling people to analyze diverse clinical, environmental, and food samples, evaluate them and make predictions to improve quality of life, particularly in remote, resource-scarce areas. In recent years, paper-based analytical tools have attracted a great deal of attention; the well-known properties of paper, such as abundance, affordability, lightness, and biodegradability, combined with features of printed electrochemical sensors, have enabled the development of sustainable devices that drive (bio)sensors beyond the state of the art. Their blindness toward colored/turbid matrices (i.e., blood, soil), their portability, and the capacity of paper to autonomously filter/purge/react with target species make such devices powerful in establishing point-of-need tools for use by non-specialists. This protocol describes the preparation of a voltammetric phosphate sensor and an amperometric nerve agent biosensor; both platforms produce quantitative measurements with currents in the range of microamperes. These printed strips comprise three electrodes (graphite for working and counter electrodes and silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) for the reference electrode) and nanomodifiers (carbon black and Prussian blue) to improve their performance and specificity. Depending on analytical need, different types of paper (filter, office) and configurations (1D, 2D, 3D) can be adopted. The protocol, based on the use of cost-effective manufacturing techniques such as drop casting (to chemically modify the substrate surface) and wax/screen printing (for creating the channels and electrodes), can be completed in <1 h