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Matematica e capitale umano
No full text‘Matematica e Capitale umano’ è oggi più che mai un binomio inscindibile. E lo è a buon ragione in quanto, con i mercati dei capitali globali, gli avanzamenti nella tecnologia hanno determinato cambiamenti nella domanda di lavoro e nelle qualifiche professionali (skills) richieste. Ora tra i fattori di crescita di un paese, un ruolo rilevante assume l’accumulazione di capitale umano e questo fattore può essere accumulato in due modi: tramite l’istruzione e tramite il progresso tecnologico
Políticas de lo privado. Reflexiones sobre domesticidad y poder
No full textHabitualmente se suele pensar a la casa como al espacio de lo privado y de lo íntimo, claramente separado de la ciudad como único verdadero espacio de la política; sin embargo, esta frontera se revela más sutil de lo que parece, y hablar de una política de lo privado –o incluso de una política de lo doméstico- permite difuminarla ulteriormente.
Esta contribución se sirve principalmente del utillaje teórico de Michel Foucault, y principalmente de las nociones de disciplina y de biopolítica elaboradas por el filósofo francés a principios de los años 70: estos dos conceptos -como se verá a continuación- serán las herramientas principales con las que se ahondará en lo doméstico como territorio político en plena regla
Mass spectrometry-based proteomics for the forensic identification of vomit traces
No full textProteomics was exploited to assess the nature of possible traces of vomit found on the scene of an alleged sexual assault. In the case in point, a woman reported to the police to be raped five days before by a cousin of hers in his car. The woman declared she had vomited in the car before fainting definitely, due to alcohol or possible drugs covertly slipped in her drinks. The suspect confirmed the sexual intercourse, but he claimed consensual sex while the woman was fully conscious. To establish consent and hence subsistence of the crime, the Magistrate requested toxicological analyses on items sampled from the car and from woman's boots. Negative results obtained from toxicological analyses could not exclude the actual assumption of psychoactive substances by the alleged victim, due to sample aging. On the contrary, proteomic analysis disclosed a pattern of 249 gene products including signature endogenous and food-derived proteins along with a multitude of peptide digests, clearly indicative of vomit, thereby supporting the victim's report in the case under examination. Proteomics also provided detailed information about the nature of meal, which might contribute to frame the crime scene in similar cases. SIGNIFICANCE: The identification of traces of vomit supported the report of the victim's report according to which she vomited before definitely losing consciousness, so providing key contribution to establish consent for the sexual intercourse. This is the first time that proteomics is used to identify traces of vomit for forensic purposes. In spite of the scantiness of the biological specimen available, proteomics was successful to define a panel of characteristic endogenous proteins as well as to identify partly digested food-proteins arising from a complex meal. Proteomics is increasingly used as a forensic technique, well complementing the existing tools. In general, assessing traces of vomit in biological specimens and characterizing the nature of food ingested at the molecular level could afford probative elements to frame a crime scene
Current state of knowledge on the health effects of engineered nanomaterials in workers: A systematic review of human studies and epidemiological investigations
No full textObjectives The widespread application of nano-enabled products and the increasing likelihood for workplace exposures make understanding engineered nanomaterial (ENM) effects in exposed workers a public and occupational health priority. The aim of this study was to report on the current state of knowledge on possible adverse effects induced by ENM in humans to determine the toxicological profile of each type of ENM and potential biomarkers for early detection of such effects in workers. Methods A systematic review of human studies and epidemiological investigations of exposed workers relative to the possible adverse effects for the most widely used ENM was performed through searches of major scientific databases including Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed. Results Twenty-seven studies were identified. Most of the epidemiological investigations were cross-sectional. The review found limited evidence of adverse effects in workers exposed to the most commonly used ENM. However, some biological alterations are suggestive for possible adverse impacts. The primary targets of some ENM exposures were the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Changes in biomarker levels compared with controls were also observed; however, limited exposure data and the relatively short period since the first exposure may have influenced the incidence of adverse effects found in epidemiological studies. Conclusions There is a need for longitudinal epidemiologic investigations with clear exposure characterizations for various ENM to discover potential adverse health effects and identify possible indicators of early biological alterations. In this state of uncertainty, precautionary controls for each ENM are warranted while further study of potential health effects continues
Revealing membrane alteration in cellsoverexpressing CA IX and EGFR by Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering
No full textSensitive detection of altered proteins expression in plasma membranes is of fundamental importance, for both diagnostic and prognostic purposes. Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) has proven to be a quite sensitive approach to detect proteins, even in very diluted samples. However, proteins detection in complex environment, such as the cellular membrane, is still a challenge. Herein, we demonstrate a SERS-based platform to reveal the overexpression of target proteins in cell membranes. As a proof of concept, we implemented ectopic expression of carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in the plasma membrane of the SKOV3 tumor cell line. Our outcomes demonstrate that SERS signals from cells put in contact with a hyperuniform SERS substrate allow highlighting subtle differences in the biochemical composition of cell membranes, normally hidden in spontaneous Raman confocal microscopy. This opens new opportunities for a label-free membrane analysis and bio-sensing in a broader sense
The effects of the EGR and principal engine operating condition on the emissions for a syngas powered engine: from the numerical simulation to the experimental results
No full textKahn e Mies. Tre modi dell'abitare
No full textIl libro costituisce, innanzitutto, una riflessione sulla necessità, in architettura, di scegliersi dei Maestri e, con essi, le architetture di riferimento con le quali misurarsi: quelle architetture con le quali provare a competere nella consapevolezza della impossibilità, forse, di vincere la sfida ma anche della sua ineludibilità per chi ha scelto di lavorare su una opzione razionale dell’architettura e crede quindi che nulla sia, nel progetto, creazione ab nihilo ma piuttosto un in-venire, trovare in, scoprire cercando. Così Mies van der Rohe e Louis Isadore Kahn sono stati Maestri scelti dagli autori nell’ambito delle rispettive ricerche di dottorato: quella dedicata al Maestro di Aquisgrana e, in particolare, alle sue architetture ad Aula lette, attraverso la triade ideazione-costruzione-composizione, come paradigmatiche dell’edificio pubblico moderno e quella sulla architettura per la ricerca scientifica che non poteva non trovare nei Richards Medical Research Buildings ma soprattutto nel Salk Institute for Biological Studies di Kahn un riferimento imprescindibile nella riflessione sul rapporto tra tema, tipo e luogo.
Il volume dunque mette a confronto diretto alcuni lavori dei due Maestri, declinati secondo l’idea di abitare intesa in senso ampio, come la necessità umana di appropriarsi, attraverso l’architettura, dello spazio, definendolo nella sua forma, per insediarvici la vita, sia essa in forma privata, nella casa, in forma collettiva, in edifici destinati a comunità selezionate, in forma rappresentativa, negli edifici pubblici. Il libro non ha pretesa di essere esaustivo dell’opera di questi due giganti del Novecento, cui peraltro sono destinate tante ricche monografie, ma prende a riferimento alcune opere per qualche ragionamento ‘di architettura’ affidandosi, come piace fare alla collana nella quale è inserito, al ridisegno quale strumento privilegiato e specifico di indagine per la conoscenza dell’architettura
Energy recovery through natural gas turboexpander and solar collectors: Modelling and thermoeconomic optimization
No full textThis paper presents a novel dynamic simulation model for the analysis of a hybrid turboexpander systemcoupled with innovative high-vacuum solar thermal collectors. The model is developed in MatLab and itis able to dynamically calculate the energy, exergy, environmental, and economic performances of theinvestigated system, by taking into account the hourlyfluctuation of thermodynamic and economicparameters (e.g. electricity cost, natural gas temperature, andflow rates, etc.). In addition, a computer-based Design of Experiment (DoE) approach was implemented for achieving the optimal design of theproposed system.A suitable case study is presented in order to show the capabilities of the developed simulation tool.Conventional and non-conventional decompression systems located in the weather zone of Messina(South-Italy) are investigated with the aim of assessing the optimal system configuration. By means ofthe computer-based DoE analysis, the optimal values of several design parameters (such as the numberof solar thermal collectors, the volume of the hot water storage tank, and the size of the water looppump) are calculated. Numerical results show significant primary energy savings (1.36 TWh/year) andavoided carbon dioxide emissions (348 tCO2/year). From the economic point of view, a feasible simplepay-back period of 4.51 years is achieved. The destroyed exergy of the system components are calculated,obtaining the highest value for the turbo-expander, equal to 12.0 TWh/year