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"Masaniello nel teatro inglese del Seicento"
No full textGrazie alle tempestive traduzioni in inglese e tedesco dell’instant book di Alessandro Gi- raffi Le rivolutioni di Napoli Descritte dal Signor A. G. Con pienissimo ragguaglio d’ogni successo, e trattati segreti, e palesi, la rivolta di Masaniello contro la predatoria politica fiscale degli spagnoli a Napoli (7-16 luglio 1647) divenne famosa in tutta Europa. Due anni dopo, in Inghilterra un misterioso T. B. scriveva il dramma storico The Rebellion of Naples, or the Tragedy of Massenello, che presentava gli eventi napoletani da una prospettiva filo-monarchica, facendo di Masaniello il prototipo del ribelle destinato alla sconfitta. A distanza di cinquant’anni, vale a dire in piena Restaurazione, Thomas D’Urfey propo- neva una sorta di ‘opera totale’, The History of the Rise and Fall of Massaniello, in cui confluivano versi, musiche e danze. Il messaggio era però invariato: chi si ribella ai re legittimi sovverte un giusto e consolidato ordine sociale e merita la morte. L’articolo fa seguire ad una ricostruzione degli eventi del 1647 un’analisi ravvicinata delle due opere, di cui vengono messi in luce anche i tratti retorico-formali e quanto le connette alla cultura del tempo
Effects of colchicine on platelet aggregation in patients on dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel
No full textPlatelets aggregation leading to thrombosis plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and of stent thrombosis. Antiplatelet therapy with aspirin plus an ADP-receptor inhibitor (ticagrerol, prasugrel or clopidogrel) is recommended to reduce the risk of other platelet-mediated events. Clopidogrel is recommended in patients with Chronic Coronary Syndromes (CCS) or in ACS patients at high bleeding risk. Unfortunately, up to 30% of patients are non-responders to clopidogrel and show residual high platelet reactivity (HPR). Colchicine (COLC) is a drug with cardiovascular effects. We have demonstrated that COLC might exert protective cardiovascular effects by interfering with cytoskeleton rearrangement, a phenomenon involved in platelet aggregation. Here, we investigate in vitro the effects of colchicine on platelet aggregation of patients on DAPT with clopidogrel. Platelets obtained from 35 CCS patients on therapy with clopidogrel were pre-incubated with COLC 10 μM before being stimulated with ADP (20 μM), or TRAP (25 μM) at 0, 30, 60 and 90 min to measure max aggregation by LTA. Platelets not COLC-preincubated served as controls. Seven patients were pre-selected as clopidogrel non-responders. COLC significantly reduced TRAP-induced platelet aggregation in clopidogrel responders and non-responders. Interestingly, COLC inhibited ADP-induced platelet aggregation in clopidogrel non-responders in which ADP still caused activation despite DAPT. We demonstrate that COLC inhibits platelet aggregation in clopidogrel non-responders with HPR despite DAPT with this ADP receptor-inhibitor. Further in vivo studies should be designed to evaluate the opportunity to prescribe colchicine after ACS/CCS to overcome the clopidogrel limitations in the DAPT therapy
Endoscopic endonasal and transorbital routes to the petrous apex: anatomic comparative study of two pathways
No full textBackground and objective: Surgical approaches to the petrous apex region are extremely challenging; while subtemporal approaches and variations represent the milestone of the surgical modules to reach such deep anatomical target, in a constant effort to develop minimally invasive neurosurgical routes, the endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) has been tested to get a viable corridor to the petroclival junction. Lately, another ventral endoscopic minimally invasive route, i.e., the superior eyelid endoscopic transorbital approach, has been proposed to access the most lateral aspect of the skull base, including the petrous apex region. Our anatomic study aims to compare and combine such two endoscopic minimally invasive pathways to get full access to the petrous apex. Three-dimensional reconstructions and quantitative and morphometric data have been provided. Material and methods: Five human cadaveric heads (10 sides) were dissected. The lab rehearsals were run as follows: (i) preliminary pre-operative CT scans of each specimen, (ii) pre-dissection planning of the petrous apex removal and its quantification, (iii) petrous apex removal via endoscopic endonasal route, (iv) post-operative CT scans, (v) petrous apex removal via endoscopic transorbital route, and (v) final post-operative CT scan with quantitative analysis. Neuronavigation was used to guide all dissections. Results: The two endoscopic minimally invasive pathways allowed a different visualization and perspective of the petrous apex, and its surrounding neurovascular structures. After both corridors were completed, a communication between the surgical pathways was highlighted, in a so-called connection area, surrounded by the following important neurovascular structures: anteriorly, the internal carotid artery and the Gasserian ganglion; laterally, the internal acoustic canal; superiorly, the abducens nerve, the trigeminal root, and the tentorium cerebelli; inferomedially, the remaining clivus and the inferior petrosal sinus; and posteriorly, the exposed area of the brainstem. Used in a combined fashion, such multiportal approach provided a total of 97% of petrous apex removal. In particular, the transorbital route achieved a mean of 48.3% removal in the most superolateral portion of the petrous apex, whereas the endonasal approach provided a mean of 48.7% bone removal in the most inferomedial part. The difference between the two approaches was found to be not statistically significant (p = 0.67). Conclusion: The multiportal combined endoscopic endonasal and transorbital approach to the petrous apex provides an overall bone removal volume of 97% off the petrous apex. In this paper, we highlighted that it was possible to uncover a common path between these two surgical pathways (endonasal and transorbital) in a so-called connection area. Potential indications of this multiportal approach may be lesions placed in or invading the petrous apex and petroclival regions that can be inadequately reached via transcranial paths or via an endonasal endoscopic route alone
Methods for Producing Polyurethane Foams
No full textProcesses for producing a polyurethane foam described herein include mixing a physical blowing agent with one or more of an isocyanate-reacting mixture and an isocyanate at a sorption pressure psorp for a time tsorp, reacting the isocyanate-reacting mixture and the isocyanate at a pressure p1 for a time t1, reducing the pressure to a pressure p2, maintaining the pressure at the pressure p2 for a time t2, and reducing the pressure to atmospheric pressure patm. In various embodiments, pat
Ordinal Data Models for No-Opinion Responses in Attitude Survey
No full textIn analyzing data from attitude surveys, it is common to consider the “don’t know” responses as missing values. In this article, we present a statistical model commonly used for the analysis of responses/evaluations expressed on Likert scales and extended to take into account the presence of don’t know responses. The main objective is to offer an alternative to the usual custom to treat them as missing values by considering them as a source of uncertainty. The original proposal in this article is the introduction of the relevant covariates in order to discriminate subpopulations that can show different behaviors in choosing between a substantive response and the don’t know option
Herausforderung bei der Integration von Serious Games in den Unterricht, empirische Studie
Get PDFDiese Arbeit befasst sich mit den Herausforderungen, denen Lehrer bei der Wahl von Serious Games und deren Integration in den Unterricht gegenüberstehen.
Zur empirischen Evaluation dieses Sachverhaltes wurden zwei Serious Games, Abgetaucht und Immunity,unter Verwendung eines Onlinefragebogens an Lehrer und Schüler verteilt. Zudem wurden zwei Personen des Lehrkörpers in einem leitfadenbasierten Experteninterview befragt.
Der erste Teil der Arbeit thematisiert die theoretischen Grundlagen zum Begriff Spiel im Allgemeinen, Serious Game und deren Kategorisierung, sowie das Design - Play and
Experience (DPE) Framework, dass im späteren Verlauf im Zusammenhang mit den Eigenschaften eines Serious Games, ein besseres Verständnis der Spielelemente bietet.
Zudem wird die geschichtliche Entwicklung der Serious Games behandelt, worauf der aktuelle Forschungsstand folgt, der in vier Punkte unterteilt ist. Als Erstes wird die Effektivität und Motivationskraft von Serious Games betrachtet, gefolgt von einem Vergleich zum
Frontalunterricht. Im Weiteren werden die Eigenschaften von aktuellen Serious Games charakterisiert und die derzeitigen Hürden für den Einsatz im Unterricht dargestellt. Kapitel drei beschreibt die verwendeten Materialien und Methoden der Arbeit. Die Umfrageergebnisse mit der zugehörigen Diskussion und der Zusammenfassung befinden sich in den finalen Kapiteln. Daraus ging hervor, dass sowohl aus Lehrer- und Schülersicht eine große Offenheit gegenüber Serious Games vorhanden ist. Allerdings ist die Nutzungsbereitschaft der Lehrer deutlich geringer, da ein Mangel an Spezialisierungsmöglichkeiten für Lehrer in der Ausbildung und bei Fortbildungen besteht und eine zentral kommunizierte Plattform fehlt, die einen einheitlichen Zugang für Lehrer ermöglichen würde. Zudem wird der organisatorische Mehraufwand für die Suche und Vorbereitung von Serious Games als problematisch angesehen, da das ausgewählte Spiel genau zum Lehrplan und der Niveaustufe der Schüler passen muss. Für Serious Games empfanden Lehrer die verwendeten didaktischen Mittel und den Lerninhalt als essenziell, wobei für Schüler die audiovisuellen Effekte und der storybasierte Inhalt wichtig war. Um eine angenehme Lernatmosphäre für den Schüler zu schaffen, aber auch das geforderte Lernziel effizient zu erreichen, ist eine Balance zwischen den Interessen der Lehrer und der Schüler vorteilhaft.This paper deals with the challenges teachers face when choosing serious games and
integrating them into the classroom. For the empirical evaluation of this situation, two serious
games, Abgetaucht and Immunity, were distributed to teachers and students using an online
questionnaire. In addition, two members of the teaching staff were interviewed in a guidelinebased
expert interview. The first part of the thesis deals with the theoretical foundations of
the term game in general, serious games and their categorization, as well as the Design -
Play and Experience (DPE) Framework, which later, in connection with the characteristics of
a serious game, provides a better understanding of the game elements. In addition, the
historical development of serious games is dealt with, followed by the current state of
research, which is divided into four points. First, the effectiveness and motivational power of
serious games is considered, followed by a comparison with frontal teaching. Furthermore,
the characteristics of current serious games are characterized and the current obstacles for
their use in teaching are presented. Chapter three describes the materials and methods used
in the work. The results of the survey with the corresponding discussion and summary are in
the final chapters. This showed that there is a great openness towards serious games from
both the teacher's and student's point of view. However, the teachers' willingness to use the
system is much lower due to the lack of specialisation opportunities for teachers in training
and in-service training and the lack of a centrally communicated platform that would allow
uniform access for teachers. In addition, the additional organisational effort required for the
search and preparation of serious games is seen as problematic, as the selected game must
fit the curriculum and the level of the students. For Serious Games, teachers found the
didactic tools and learning content used to be essential, while for students the audiovisual
effects and story-based content were important. In order to create a pleasant learning atmosphere for the student, but also to achieve the required learning goal efficiently, a
balance between the interests of teachers and students is advantageous
Spatial Metagenomics of Three Geothermal Sites in Pisciarelli Hot Spring Focusing on the Biochemical Resources of the Microbial Consortia
No full textTerrestrial hot springs are of great interest to the general public and to scientists alike due to their unique and extreme conditions. These have been sought out by geochemists, astrobiologists, and microbiologists around the globe who are interested in their chemical properties, which provide a strong selective pressure on local microorganisms. Drivers of microbial community composition in these springs include temperature, pH, in-situ chemistry, and biogeography. Microbes in these communities have evolved strategies to thrive in these conditions by converting hot spring chemicals and organic matter into cellular energy. Following our previous metagenomic analysis of Pisciarelli hot springs (Naples, Italy), we report here the comparative metagenomic study of three novel sites, formed in Pisciarelli as result of recent geothermal activity. This study adds comprehensive information about phylogenetic diversity within Pisciarelli hot springs by peeking into possible mechanisms of adaptation to biogeochemical cycles, and high applicative potential of the entire set of genes involved in the carbohydrate metabolism in this environment (CAZome). This site is an excellent model for the study of biodiversity on Earth and biosignature identification, and for the study of the origin and limits of life