Independent Journal of Management & Production
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Prediction of indicators through machine learning and anomaly detection: a case study in the supplementary health system in Brazil
Get PDFThe research aimed to investigate the stages of a Machine Learning model process creation in order to predict the indicator over the number of medical appointments per day done in the area of supplementary health in the region of Porto Alegre / RS - Brazil and to propose a metric for anomalies detection. Literature review and applied case study was used as a methodology in this paper, besides was used the statistical software called R, in order to prepare the data and create the model. The stages of the case study was: database extraction, division of the base in training and testing, creation of functions and feature engineering, variables selection and correlation analysis, choice of the algorithms with cross-validation and tuning, training of models, application of the models in the test data, selection of the best model and proposal of the metric for anomalies detection. At the end of these stages, it was possible to select the best model in terms of MAE (Mean Absolute Error), the Random Forest, which was the algorithm with better performance when compared to Linear Regression and Neural Network. It also makes possible to identified nine anomaly points and thirty-eight warning points using the standard deviation metric. It was concluded, through the proposed methodology and the results obtained, that the steps of feature engineering and variables selection were essential for the creation and selection of the model, in addition, the proposed metric achieved the objective of generates alerts in the indicator, showing cases with possible problems or opportunities
COVID-19: a decision-making approach for evaluating the economic sectors of india during pandemic
Get PDFThe advent of COVID-19 has escalated into a pandemic and, as a result of infected cases and human fatalities, it tends to rise day by day across the globe. This also ignited concerns of a looming fiscal slump and recession on the different economic sectors as well. The effect of this pandemic is much more significant in developing countries like India due to the already declining growth rate, inadequate health services, and a growing population residing in severe poverty. This paper attempts to understand the impact of COVID‐19 pandemic on the Indian economic sectors by employing a hierarchical approach, based on multi-criteria analysis to understand the impact on primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary sectors by concerning the political, economic, socio‐cultural and technology consequences of COVID‐19. A process-based multi-criteria hierarchical approach has been used to determine the effect of the same and has been prioritized in the sequential sequence
Agricultural engineering based on system analysis and electronic imaging
Get PDFIn this paper, we present the need for system analysis and electronic imaging for the study of Agricultural Engineering. In fact, the system analysis aims to structure the analysis of agricultural systems. In fact, we present a literature review of system analysis and the need for electronic imaging. Then, two applications of Agricultural Engineering are presented. In fact, the basic principle of the application of stock management of a grain weighing system is presented. An application of the identification of the behavioral criteria of dairy cattle through electronic imaging is presented. Finally, the different results obtained from these applications are discussed
Development of the institutional accounting for the needs of financial regulation: experience in the agricultural sector of Ukraine
Get PDFThe study of the accounting environment was conducted and proposals for improving its theory for the needs of the macro-level of management from the standpoint of institutional theories were formed. A working hypothesis is proposed on the dependence of data collection methods for financial regulation, the formation of a development strategy for the industry, the selection of the Structure of programs of state support for goods and services, and it is tested on examples of budgetary financial regulation of the agricultural sector of Ukraine. For this, the existing scientific approach and practice of information support of financial support were analysed using examples of budget programs in the agricultural sector of the economy, determination of the state and ambushes of its further development in relation to the financial condition of agricultural enterprises, the level of their accounting and financial reporting, and, accordingly, the awareness of managers concerning participation in budget programs, submission of applications that takes budget support and its effective use. The analysis of indicators in the effectiveness of budget programs is carried out in order to disclose the relationship between accounting and macroeconomic indicators in the development of the agricultural sector of Ukraine. The methodological approach to determining the effectiveness of budgetary support for the development of the agro-industrial complex is generalized, a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of various programs of state financial support for agricultural commodities and production sites is carried out and statistical material on the state of agriculture is processed the Impact of budgetary support on the formation of financial indicators in the agricultural sector was determined. Proposals were provided for the concentration of state financial resources on the Key Program of Budgetary Support for the development of the agricultural sector and improvement of the organizational mechanism functioning of the system of budgetary subsidies for agricultural goods. The main indicators of monitoring the effectiveness of state programs to support the agricultural sector have been outlined and proposals are given for improving the information support of this process, accounting tools, financial and budgetary reporting. Recommendations are given for the concentration of state financial resources on the Key Program of Budgetary Support for the development of the agricultural sector and the improvement of the organizational mechanism of functioning of the system of budget subsidies in connection with the achieved financial indicators of activity of the commodity producers formed in the accounting and information system
Inverse modeling of the stewart foot
Get PDFThe Stewart's leg is used today in the majority of parallel robotic systems, such as the Stewart platform, but also in many other types of mechanisms and kinematic chains, in order to operate them or to transmit motion. A special character in the study of robots is the study of inverse kinematics, with the help of which the map of the motor kinematic parameters necessary to obtain the trajectories imposed on the effector can be made. For this reason, in the proposed mechanism, we will present reverse kinematic modeling in this paper. The kinematic output parameters, ie the parameters of the foot and practically of the end effector, ie those of the point marked with T, will be determined for initiating the working algorithm with the help of logical functions, "If log(ical)", with the observation that here they play the role of input parameters; it is positioned as already specified in the inverse kinematics when the output is considered as input and the input as output. The logical functions used, as well as the entire calculation program used, were written in Math Cad
Underutilization of workers: an analysis according to the lean management philosophy in basic education
Get PDFOne of the eight wastes that Lean production, inspired by the Toyota Production System, proposes to study is the underutilization of workers, that is, the inadequate use of their intelligence. The sense is to provide listening and participation in improvement projects, of professionals who have experience in daily life and, in many cases, consistent academic qualifications. The objective of this work is to study the importance of the participation of teachers and employees of a basic education school in the construction of new routines and work methods, in the context of the Lean management philosophy, justified by the scarcity of scientific literature on the subject. Brazil has about 184,000 basic education schools with one million four hundred thousand teachers working from kindergarten to the ninth grade of elementary school, and of these, 83.2% have a college degree, a percentage that grows every year. About the schools, 21.7% are private, 61.3% municipal, 16.6% state, and 0.4% are federal schools. As a research methodology, a systematic review of the literature was adopted, based on the PRISMA protocol, allowing the identification of 53 records, 14 of which were included in the literature review, due to their adherence to the researched subject. The main contribution of this paper is the identification of a research gap involving the underutilization of workers and adoption of the Lean management philosophy in the education sector, as well as a conceptual proposal of the positive impact on the educational organization results by not underutilizing workers, without wasting their intelligence
A knowledge system proposal with weighted goal programming approach for multi-criteria dea model and an application
Get PDFIn today's competitive environment, enterprises should use their resources correctly; they should continuously improve themselves and work efficiently. It is important to evaluate the performances of the units under the same conditions in enterprises according to each other, to see the current situations and to determine appropriate improvements in necessary points. One of the commonly used approaches to performance evaluation is Data Envelopment Analysis. Many approaches have been developed for the Data Envelopment Analysis model, and Goal programming using in multi-objective decision making solutions approaches is one of them. Goal Programming gives decision-makers the opportunity to evaluate many objectives together in the decision-making process. In this study, classical Data Envelopment Analysis and weighted goal programming approach for multi-criteria data envelopment analysis model was applied in the evaluation process of the projects worked in an automotive supplier industry. A knowledge system has also been proposed in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the projects periodically and to include new projects or conditions into the evaluation
A hybrid multi-criteria decision-making approach to order natural gas consuming countries
Get PDFSocieties worldwide are committed to moving towards a low carbon economy, and natural gas is considered a transition fuel between fossil (such as gasoline and diesel) and renewable fuels. Based on the relevance of natural gas in this economic transition, this paper demonstrates the application of a hybrid multi-criteria decision-making approach to order the natural gas consuming countries. The aim is to support decision-making in the natural gas market, offering elements to prioritize the trade worldwide. The study observed three criteria: consumption variation for years 2014 to 2016; the volume of production in the same period; and proven natural gas reserves in 2016. The data to demonstrate the countries’ performance was obtained from a yearly statistic publication of the Brazilian National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas, and Biofuels (ANP), released in 2017. Finally, the decision-making methods adopted to assess the criteria were, first, the WINGS method, applied to generate the weights of each criterion. Second, the study adopted the TOPSIS method to pre-select the countries closest to becoming a global consumer of natural gas. After applying the TOPSIS method, a pre-analysis of dominance among alternatives (pre-selected countries) was conducted, excluding the dominated ones from the list obtained. Third, the PROMÉTHÉE II method was applied to establish the order of the natural gas-consuming countries
Evolution of research related to fruit and vegetable waste in agrifood supply chains: analysing past publications seeking to identify a path to future research
Get PDFPopulation growth, coupled with a growing demand for food, and its consequent waste and economic, social, environmental, and nutritional impacts, has drawn attention to global discussions related to such issues. In this context, the objective of this research was to provide an overview of studies addressing food waste, in particular, fruits and vegetables. To achieve this purpose, a systematic literature review was carried out, covering papers published in international journals from 2007 to 2017, available in the Science Direct database. The results point out the best practices to avoid food waste, as mentioned in the literature considered. In addition, this study gathered information regarding the main characteristics of publications, such as the evolution of the number of publications per year; main methods and techniques used in research, and which journals excel at covering the theme. This paper may be useful to researchers and practitioners interested in this topic since it systematizes the knowledge related to food waste in fruit and vegetable supply chains
Sustainable supply chain management drivers and outcomes: an emphasis on strategic sustainability orientation in the food industries
Get PDFNowadays, due to the quick increase of population, degradation of the environment and social disparity moving towards sustainability is an indispensable issue. Aside from this importance, paying attention to sustainability provides opportunities for firms to be innovative. Previous studies largely focused on identifying drivers that enhance the firm capacity to innovate new products and services. However, less attention has been paid to sustainability orientation as a direct driver of a firm’s innovativeness leading towards long term business performance. In this study, sustainable supply chain drivers, strategic sustainability orientation and firm performance have been evaluated. The mediating concepts such as corporate environmental management and corporate social responsibility impacting the relationship between strategic sustainability orientation and firm performance have been tested too. The results illustrate that employees’ motivation and managerial attitude have positive impacts on strategic sustainability orientation and on the other hand strategic sustainability orientation with the mediating roles of corporate environmental management and corporate social responsibility has a positive effect on firm performance. This study was conducted on 120 Iranian companies that are active in food industries by using the SEM method