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Building Virtual Reality Hajj Journey Learning Media as a Simulation Tool for Teaching Hajj and Umrah Topics
Full text linkThe need for more engaging Hajj and Umrah education highlights the limitations of conventional methods, such as lectures and printed manuals, which often lack experiential and spiritual depth. While Virtual Reality (VR) has become increasingly common in education, its use in religious ritual training, particularly for Hajj and Umrah, remains largely underexplored. This study aims to develop immersive learning media that allow users to practice Hajj and Umrah rituals interactively. The development of the VR-Hajj application followed the Research and Development (R&D) model by Lee and Owens, which includes five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The validation process involved experts who assessed the media’s content, usability, and instructional design. Data were analyzed using inter-rater agreement to determine consistency among expert evaluations, with results showing a high level of agreement. The Content Validity Index (CVI) was also used to assess overall validity, yielding a strong score of 0.83. Experts gave the VR-Hajj media an average rating of 91.54%, confirming its effectiveness and instructional relevance. These findings support VR-Hajj as a promising tool for improving Hajj and Umrah preparation through immersive Islamic learning. The study also proposes a future framework integrating VR and metaverse technologies to enhance accessibility and engagement. To expand its impact, further research should explore strategic partnerships with Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) to help deliver VR-based religious education more widely and inclusivel
Sustainable Farming Education: A Case of Non-Formal Education At Lembaga Pengembangan Pertanian Nahdlatul Ulama (Nahdlatul Ulama Agricultural Development Institute)
No full textTo mitigate the adverse effects of modern farming systems on natural resources, we need sustainable agriculture immediately. Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), the largest Islamic group in Indonesia, plays a strategic role in raising awareness and encouraging sustainable farming practices through informal education. This study investigates NU's non-formal education initiative designed to promote the shift from exploitation to conservation within the agricultural sector. Utilizing a qualitative methodology rooted in empirical analysis and literature review, the study investigates the integration of Islamic values, indigenous knowledge, and agroecological principles into farmer empowerment curricula through collaborations between pesantrens and the Nahdlatul Ulama Agricultural Development Institute (LPPNU). The results underscore the pivotal function of NU's non-formal education in augmenting farmers' ecological awareness, fostering the implementation of organic farming practices, and bolstering community-oriented food security. But there are still problems, like not having enough access to resources and not having enough policy support. In summary, NU's non-formal education programs provide a promising framework for promoting sustainable agriculture based on Islamic principles and local cultural contexts. The study offers policy recommendations for the incorporation of ecological and social sustainability into educational and agricultural development in Indonesia
Artificial Intelligence and Islamic Perspective in Student Character Assessment
No full textArtificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly adopted in higher education, including in student character assessment. However, AI’s inability to capture spiritual aspects such as intention (niyyah), sincerity, and God-consciousness (taqwa) creates a gap between technological efficiency and the moral values of Islamic education. This study aims to explore students’ perceptions of AI-based character assessments in Islamic universities and propose a conceptual framework grounded in maqasid al-shariah. A descriptive qualitative method with a phenomenological design was employed, involving 20 purposively selected students from five academic programs at the Ar-Risalah Institute of Islamic Studies, Riau. Data were gathered through in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis, and analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model. The findings reveal students’ distrust toward AI’s fairness, particularly its failure to assess inner spiritual dimensions, and highlight the irreplaceable role of educators in moral guidance. The study concludes that AI should be ethically guided and embedded with Islamic values to ensure its compatibility with character education in faith-based institutions. A value-sensitive AI framework can help harmonize automation with spiritual integrity, allowing Islamic higher education to adopt digital technologies without compromising its sacred pedagogical mission
Actualizing Democratic Education through Organizational Development in Modern Islamic Boarding Schools
Full text linkPrevious studies have examined leadership and democratic values in Islamic boarding schools, including modern leadership styles and daily activities that reflect democratic principles. However, research on organizational development as a foundation for democratic education in modern pesantren remains limited. This study aims to describe the actualization of democracy education through the development of the organizational structure. This study used qualitative descriptive methods. The result of this study shows that the organizational leadership structure must adopt a democratic and collective pattern to eliminate power dominance by any single individual or group. Deliberation serves as the foundation for establishing and implementing the organizational system in modern boarding schools. The findings of this study can contribute to the scientific development of Islamic education by presenting a model of a democratic modern Islamic boarding school organizational structure, which is able to integrate democratic values into institutional practices and learning as a form of innovation in character and citizenship education
Pesantren Technology-Friendly: Enhancing Learning Effectiveness in The Modern Era
Full text linkThis research explores the integration of technology in Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) and its influence on learning effectiveness in the modern era through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) combined with content analysis, examining data from accredited academic journals. The findings indicate that technology enhances pesantren learning through innovations such as e-learning platforms, digitization of kitab kuning (classical Islamic texts), modern administrative tools, and expanded da’wah outreach while facilitating collaborations with external institutions to strengthen infrastructure. However, challenges such as limited technological resources, low digital literacy, and concerns about the negative impacts of technology on students’ character persist. To address these issues, pesantren adopt strategies including digital literacy training, collaboration with external partners, the establishment of internal regulations, and a moderated approach to technology use, ensuring technological advancements align with Islamic values. This study contributes by providing a framework for balancing tradition and modernity, offering practical insights for policymakers and educators to optimize technology use in pesantren, empowering students to thrive in a globalized and interconnected world while preserving their cultural and religious essence
Islamization in Pakistan from Iskandar Ali Mirza to General Zia ul Haq: Socio-political Comparative Analysis
Full text linkThe purpose of this study is to critically analyze the process of Islamization with the view of economic, political, and constitutional development in Pakistan. For this purpose, in-depth literature, and newspaper articles were analyzed from 1956 to 1988. The findings of the in-depth analysis show that from 1956 to 1988, Pakistan saw strong military rule comprising 25 years of martial law collectively during this period. The first attempt to bring Islamization into the country was carried out in 1956 by promulgating an objective resolution. To successfully implement the agenda of Islamization, different government-based Islamic institutions were established: the Islamic Advisory Council and the Islamic Research Center. Bhutto and Zia came into power on the Islamic slogans; Muslim equality and Islamic system. Bhutto brought the 1973 constitution and declared Islam as a religion of the state and also declared Ahamdiya as non-Muslims due to their un-Islamic beliefs. General Zia introduced different Islamic laws through presential order, which describes the harsh punishment for major crimes, changed the direction of the law of evidence, and established Shariat Courts, which were specialized in giving the verdict according to the principles of Islam. It is evident that the political instability and intense martial law led Pakistan into a “politically devastated country” and most of the rulers during this period were strongly against democracy. Therefore, this study helps the reader to figure out the impact of the Islamization policies of different rulers on Pakistani society
Islamic Education and Civilized Democracy: Haedar Nashir’s Polite Communication Strategy from a Qur’anic and Pragmatic Perspective
No full textPolite political communication is the main foundation in creating a civilized democracy. Haedar Nashir, as an Islamic thinker and General Chair of PP Muhammadiyah, emphasized the importance of ethics and morality in political communication. This article discusses Haedar Nashir's polite communication strategies from the perspective of the Al-Quran and pragmatic communication theory, especially in speech act analysis. By using Geoffrey Leech's principles of politeness and the concept of communication in Islam, this article identifies how Haedar Nashir builds a narrative that is inclusive, moderate, and oriented towards social harmony. Furthermore, the role of Islamic education is highlighted as a medium for cultivating ethical values, adab, and wasathiyah, which are essential in shaping leaders capable of practicing polite communication in the political sphere. Based on an analysis of Haedar Nashir's five speech acts, it was found that polite political communication is able to strengthen social stability, increase public trust, and prevent polarization. This article emphasizes that a healthy democracy requires communication that is based on politeness, wisdom and Islamic value
Eid Al-Fitr Preserves The Relations of Muslim and Klungkung Royal Palace
Full text linkEid al-Fitr is a joyous Muslim holiday celebrated after one month of Ramadan, and this celebration extends to the region of Klungkung, Bali. Puri Agung Klungkung, currently led by Ida Dalem Semaraputra (the King of Klungkung), welcomes visits from Muslims during the Halal bi Halal moment of Eid al-Fitr. This article aims to elucidate the contemporary relationship between Muslims and Puri Agung Klungkung, along with its historical context dating back to the 14th century. The research methodology employed in this article includes field research, incorporating direct observations and in-depth interviews with religious leaders in Klungkung. Furthermore, this study scrutinized various documents and historical evidence concerning the relations between Muslims and the Klungkung Royal Palace. This paper concludes that the association between Puri Agung Klungkung began with the arrival of 40 bodyguards from Dalem Ketut Ngelesir (1380-1460) during their visit to Majapahit, and the subsequent grant of customary land to the east of Puri, which was in Gelgel at that time. Eid al-Fitr celebrations in Klungkung encompass a series of events, including Ramadan Safari, Takbir Keliling, Eid al-Fitr Prayer, Open House, and Halal bi Halal. These activities with Puri Agung Klungkung represent efforts to reinforce longstanding relationships
Khidmah in Transition: Santri, Kiai, and Social Transformation in Pesantren
No full textThe concept of khidmah has expanded in Pesantren, seeing that today's Kiai have various social positions, such as political Kiai, business Kiai, academic Kiai, and so on. This study aims to describe the actualization of the concept of khidmah santri towards Kiai in Pesantren. This study used a qualitative method with the concept of khidmah in Pesantren as the research object. Data were collected from key informants such as clerics, ustadz, santri, and Pesantren administrators who were selected by purposive sampling, using documentation study, observation, and interview methods. The findings of this research indicate that there has been a transformation of the concept of khidmah in Islamic boarding schools which can be actualized in several concepts. 1) the concept of khidmah towards special Kiai (teaching Kiai) by becoming abdi ndalem, badal, and chauffeurs of the Kiai. 2) the concept of khidmah towards business clerics in an employee-like manner. 3) the concept of khidmah towards academic Kiai by becoming badal Kiai. 4) the concept of service to the political Kiai by serving as a Kiai Pesantren staff member and personal assistant to the Kiai
Cultivating Religious Moderation among Dayah Disciples in Aceh: Insights from the Naqshbandiyya al-Waliyya Order
Full text linkThis study investigated the role of the Naqshbandiyya al-Waliyya Ṭarīqa in promoting religious moderation among the students of Dayah Mudi Mesra Samalanga, Aceh. Utilizing a qualitative case study approach, the data were collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis. The research aimed to understand how the teachings and spiritual practices of TNW shape a tolerant and balanced religious environment. The findings indicate that TNW’s practices significantly contribute to transforming the students’ attitudes from exclusive to inclusive and tolerant, characterized by high levels of social solidarity and openness towards others, regardless of their religious or ethnic backgrounds. The leadership of Abu Mudi as TNW’s murshid significantly contributes to instilling values of moderation. This study offers a new perspective on the interaction between Sufi rites and the promotion of religious moderation, a topic rarely discussed in previous literature, enriching the discourse on the role of Islamic spiritual movements in fostering peace and tolerance in pluralistic societies