Journal of Agroindustrial Technology
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PENANGANAN PASCAPANEN UMBI ILES-ILES (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) STUDI KASUS DI MADIUN, JAWA TIMUR
Get PDFABSTRAK Umbi iles-iles (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) adalah hasil pertanian yang mempunyai nilai ekonomi tinggi karena dapat menghasilkan glukomanan yang dapat dimanfaatkan dalam industri sebagai komponen pangan dan farmasi. Umbi segar yang dipanen bersifat musiman, kamba, dan mudah rusak karena kandungan air relatif tinggi (75-87%). Selama ini penanganan pascapanen umbi iles-iles mengalami susut mencapai 20-40% karena terbatasnya teknik dan fasilitas penanganan yang meliputi proses pencucian, pengirisan, pengeringan, pengemasan, dan penyimpanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kondisi penanganan pascapanen umbi iles-iles di Desa Klangon, Kabupaten Madiun yang merupakan sentra produksi di Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan metode wawancara terhadap 60 petani responden secara acak, sedangkan parameter kualitas ditetapkan berdasarkan analisis di laboratorium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar air dan kadar glukomanan yang terdapat pada chips kering iles-iles yang dihasilkan oleh petani Klangon telah memenuhi Standar Nasional Indonesia No. 01-1680-1989 tentang Iles-iles. Kadar air chips kering yang dihasilkan sebesar 11,89% sementara batas maksimal kadar air sebesar 12% (SNI). Kadar glukomanan chips kering yang dihasilkan sebesar 35,36% sementara batas minimum kadar glukomanan yaitu lebih besar 35% (Mutu I) dan 15% (Mutu II) (SNI). Kata kunci: Amorphophallus muelleri blume, chips, glukomanan, iles-iles, pascapane
MODEL PENUNJANG KEPUTUSAN PENGEMBANGAN AGROINDUSTRI GULA TEBU (Studi Kasus di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur)
Get PDFABSTRAK Pengembangan agroindustri gula tebu di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) merupakan proses pengambilan keputusan strategis. Proses ini dihadapkan pada tingkat kompleksitas tinggi, seperti jumlah dan penyebaran tenaga kerja tidak merata, ketersediaan infrastruktur dan struktur biaya tidak seragam, serta keberagaman pada faktor agroklimat dan jenis tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyusun model penunjang keputusan pengembangan agroindustri gula tebu di NTT, melalui tahapan seleksi lokasi agroindustri, penyusunan struktur sistem pengembangan kemitraan tebu rakyat dan analisis kelayakan finansial. Seleksi lokasi agroindustri menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), kemudian analisis spasial lokasi prioritas menggunakan metode Geographic Information System (GIS) dan penentuan kawasan prioritas menggunakan metode Location Quotient (LQ). Strukturisasi sistem pengembangan kemitraan tebu rakyat menggunakan Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) dan analisis kelayakan finansial menggunakan analisis kelayakan usaha. Berdasarkan evaluasi tujuan, kriteria dan alternatif menggunakan teknik AHP diperoleh hasil bahwa tujuan penyerapan tenaga kerja mendapatkan skor tertinggi dengan skor 0,659. Kriteria demografi mendapatkan prioritas tertinggi dengan skor 0,419. Penilaian alternatif diperoleh hasil bahwa skor tertinggi pada Kabupaten Belu dengan skor 0,437. Berdasarkan analisis LQ diperoleh bahwa Kecamatan Weliman menjadi prioritas pertama menjadi kawasan pengembangan agroindustri gula tebu. Berdasarkan analisis kelayakan finansial diketahui bahwa pada discount rate 12%, nilai NPV sebesar Rp 215.944.224.926, Net BC rasio sebesar 1,13, IRR 17,37% dan PBP 9,91 tahun. Pengembangan agroindustri gula tebu di NTT layak untuk dilakukan. Kata kunci: agroindustri gula tebu, seleksi lokasi, analisis kelayakan, location quotient
Ucapan Terima Kasih Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
No full textUCAPAN TERIMA KASIHDewan Editor menyampaikan terima kasih Kepada Bapak/Ibu/Sdr, atas kesediannya untuk menelaah naskah yang dimuat pada edisi ini.Anggara Hayun Anujuprana, Pusat Pengkajian Kebijakan Peningkatan Daya Saing, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi, JakartaArmansyah Halomoan Tambunan, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian BogorAchmad Poernomo, Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan, JakartaAry Achyar Alfa, Balai Penelitian Teknologi Karet, BogorDyah Iswantini Pradono, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Institut Pertanian BogorEndang Widjajanti Laksono, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Negeri YogyakartaErliza Hambali, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian BogorEkowati Chasanah, Balai Besar Riset Pengolahan Produk dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan, JakartaGayuh Rahayu, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Institut Pertanian BogorHaznan Abimanyu, Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, Pusat Penelitian Kimia, SerpongIndah Yuliasih, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian BogorIsti Surjandari Prajitno, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Indonesia, DepokIrzaman, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Institut Pertanian BogorJoelianingsih, Fakultas Teknik, Institut Teknologi Indonesia, TangerangMuslich, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian BogorMuhammad Dani Supardan, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda AcehMulyorini Rahayuningsih, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian BogorNanik Purwanti, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian BogorNovizar Nazir, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Andalas, Padang Sumatera BaratNastiti Siswi Indrasti, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian BogorRidwan Rahmat, Balai Besar Penelitian dan pengembangan Pascapanen Pertanian, BogorRokhani Hasbullah, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian BogorSuprihatin, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian BogorSuherman, Fakultas Teknik , Universitas Diponegoro, SemarangSlamet Budijanto, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian BogorSuryadi Ismadji, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala, SurabayaSukardi, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian BogorSuryani, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Institut Pertanian BogorUdin Hasanuddin, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Lampung, Bandar LampungWagiman, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, YogyakartaZaenal Alim Mas’ud, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Institut Pertanian Bogo
PERENGKAHAN KATALITIK METIL ESTER DARI MINYAK LIMBAH CAIR PABRIK MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN KATALIS Cr/Mo/HZA DAN Ni/Mo/HZA
Get PDFThe proposed catalytic cracking technology leads to the production of hydrocarbons that are present in variousfractions of gasoline, kerosene and diesel. In this study, the methyl ester was converted by catalytic cracking using catalyst Cr / Mo / HZA and Ni / Mo / HZA. Preparation of catalyst Cr / Mo / HZA was performed by soaking the natural zeolite powder (ZA) with HCl. The catalyst of HZA was refluxed by (NH4)Mo7O24.4H2O, then dried to obtain the catalyst of Mo/HZA. Futhermore,catalyst of Mo / HZA was refluxed by Cr (NO3) 3.9H2O. The catalyst pruduct of Cr / Mo /HZA was calcined at 500ºC. Catalysts Ni/Mo/ HZA was obtained through the same procedure by replacing Cr (NO3)3.9H2O with NiCl2.6H2O. Cracking was done by refluxing a methyl ester of oil residu slude waste (POME) with 1.5 g catalyst Cr / Mo / HZA and catalyst Ni / Mo / HZA at 350-380ºC . Results of the reflux were analyzed by GC-MS. The products of cracking of catalysts Cr / Mo / HZA were hydrocarbons that wasfractions of keroseneof 31.35%, and diesel fraction of 10.16%. While the product catalyst of Ni / Mo / HZA were 0.33% gas fractions,10.63% fractions gasoline and 11.02%fractions kerosene. The density was similar to densities ofgasoline and kerosene, the viscosity was similar to kerosene, acid number was about two times of acid numbers of gasoline and kerosene while water content was still higher than that of gasoline and kerosene.Keywords: Methyl ester, catalytic cracking, palm oil, gasoline, kerosen
KARAKTERISTIK KOMPON KARET DENGAN BAHAN PENGISI ARANG AKTIF TEMPURUNG KELAPA DAN NANO SILIKA SEKAM PADI
Get PDFThe objective of the research was to the characterize rubber compound added with the fillers of activated coconut shell carbon and nano silica from rice husks. The experiment was done based on factorial completely randomized design with two factors as treatments with three replications. The first factor was the concentration of activated coconut shell carbon (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 phr), and the second factor was nano-sized (350 to 400 nm in diameter) silica from rice husks (50, 40, 30, 20, 10 and 0 phr). The parameters measured included the hardness, tensile strength, elongation at break, and abrasion resistance. The results showed that the addition of activated coconut shell carbon and nano-sized silica from rice husks, as well as the interactions had highly significant effect on all parameters. The hardness of rubber compounds ranged from 24 to 58 Shores A, the tensile strength were15 to 71 N/m2, the elongation at breakswere108 to 689%, and the abrasion resistances ranged 427 to 1002 cm3. The addition of activated coconut shell carbon and nano-sized silica from rice husk increased the hardness, decreased the tensile strength, elongation at break and abrasion resistance of the rubber compound. The treatment of A2S2 (10phr of activated coconut shell carbon and 40 phr of nano-sized silica from rice husk), A4S6 (30phr of activated coconut shell carbon and 0 phr of nano-sized silica from rice husk) and A5S5 (40phr of activated coconut shell carbon and 10 phr of nano-sized silica from rice husk), met the requirements of the Indonesian National Standards for pads dock rubber compound (SNI 06-3568-2006).Keywords: coconut shell, rice husk, rubber compound, silic
Daftar Isi
No full textVolume 24, Nomor 3, Hal 179-262 Desember 2014 PENANGANAN PASCAPANEN UMBI ILES-ILES (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) STUDI KASUS : DI MADIUN, JAWA TIMUR Kisroh Dwiyono, Titi Candra Sunarti, Ono Suparno, Liesbetini Haditjaroko....... 179 MODEL PENUNJANG KEPUTUSAN PENGEMBANGAN AGROINDUSTRI GULA TEBU (Studi Kasus di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur) Fahrizal, Marimin, Mohamad Yani, M. Yanuar Jarwadi Purwanto, Sumaryanto 189 RENDEMEN DAN KOMPOSISI MINYAK ATSIRI DAUN KI LEMO (Litsea cubeba) DARI GUNUNG PAPANDAYAN, KAITANNYA DENGAN VARIASI TIPE DAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR HABITAT Ichsan Suwandhi, Cecep Kusmana, Ani Suryani, Tatang Tiryana........................ 200 PENGARUH METODE EKSTRAKSI TERHADAP MUTU KIMIA DAN KOMPOSISI ASAM LEMAK MINYAK BUAH MERAH (Pandanus conoideus) Zita Letviany Sarungallo, Purwiyatno Hariyadi, Nuri Andarwulan, Eko Hari Purnomo 209 PENGARUH LAMA HIDROLISIS ASAM TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK FISIKO-KIMIA PATI GARUT Christina Winarti, Nur Richana, Djumali Mangunwidjaja, Titi C. Sunarti............ 218 PENGARUH UKURAN SERAT SELULOSA ASETAT DAN PENAMBAHAN DIETILEN GLIKOL (DEG) TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK DAN MEKANIK BIOPLASTIK Nur Alim Bahmid, Khaswar Syamsu,dan Akhiruddin Maddu............................... 226 EXERGY ANALYSIS OF PALM OIL BIODIESEL PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES Rosmeika, Armansyah H. Tambunan, dan Arief Sabdo Yuwono........................... 235 PERFORMANCE COMPARATION OF CO-COMPOSTING PROCESS OF BAGASSE AND FILTER CAKE ON 100 KG SCALE TO LABORATORY SCALE Andes Ismayana, Nastiti Siswi Indrasti, Suprihatin, Akhiruddin Maddu, Subiyantoro 243 KINETICS OF ISOTHERMAL ADSORPTION OF β-CAROTENE FROM CRUDE PALM OLEIN USING ATTAPULGITE Sapta Raharja, Prayoga Suryadarma, dan Kristin Eva Sirait.............................. 25
FORMULATING STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE FOOD SAFETY OF BAKERY SMALL-MEDIUM ENTERPRISES THROUGH GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE
Get PDFThe food industry in Bogor is dominated by small enterprise (96%). Problems on small enterprise, among others, the emergence of food safety issues due to low sanitation and hygiene practices. Based on data from outbreaks (epidemics) of Indonesia in 2001-2006, it is known that the major cause of poisoning was due to microbes and were common in food products produced by small-medium enterprise (SME) and catering. The objective of this research was to formulate strategy for improving food safety based on implementation of Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP). This paper presents I-SWOT analysis regarding the implementation of GMP on bakery small-medium enterprises in Bogor. SWOT analysis for the strategic environmental factors identified the significant aspect of the supporting elements, constraints, and the groups of the alternative strategy. Complete analysis of this research resulted in five alternatives formulation strategies for improving food safety based on implementation of GMP, with considering respective limitation.Keywords: bakery, good manufacturing practices, interpretative structural modelling, small-medium enterprises, SWO
PENGARUH METODE EKSTRAKSI TERHADAP MUTU KIMIA DAN KOMPOSISI ASAM LEMAK MINYAK BUAH MERAH (Pandanus conoideus)
Get PDFABSTRAK Minyak buah merah (Pandanus conoideus) secara tradisional telah dikenal dan digunakan oleh masyarakat Papua. Teknik ekstraksi yang digunakan secara luas oleh masyarakat adalah ekstraksi basah dengan proses pemasakan buah merah sehingga menyebabkan kerusakan minyak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh metode ekstraksi terhadap kualitas kimia dan komposisi asam lemak dari minyak buah merah yang dihasilkan. Metode ekstraksi yang dipelajari adalah (i) metode ekstraksi basah (dengan penambahan air) dan (ii) metode ekstraksi kering (tanpa penambahan air); serta metode Folch digunakan sebagai metode pembanding. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas kimia minyak buah merah yang dihasilkan dengan metode ekstraksi kering secara nyata (P<0,05) lebih baik dibandingkan dengan minyak yang dihasilkan dengan metode ekstraksi basah, terutama karena kadar asam lemak bebas (ALB) yang lebih rendah, serta kadar total karotenoid dan tokoferol yang lebih tinggi, tapi memiliki kualitas yang sama berkaitan dengan kadar air dan nilai peroksida. Tahapan dalam metode ekstraksi minyak buah merah baik dengan cara kering maupun basah dalam kajian ini tidak mempengaruhi sifat kimia minyak yang dinyatakan oleh komposisi asam lemak dan bilangan iod yang tidak berbeda nyata (P<0,05) dengan metode Folch. Faktor kritis untuk proses ekstraksi minyak buah merah terletak pada tahap pemanasan, dimana parameter yang perlu dikendalikan adalah keberadaan air, suhu dan lama proses. Kata kunci: buah merah (Pandanus conoideus), ektraksi, sifat kimia minyak, karotenoid dan tokofero
PROSES REAKTIVASI TANAH PEMUCAT BEKAS SEBAGAI ADSORBEN UNTUK PEMURNIAN MINYAK SAWIT KASAR DAN BIODIESEL
Get PDFSpent Bleaching Earth (SBE) is a solid waste material generated as a part of the refining process in frying oil industry. Large quantity of SBE is disposed in landfills, causing fire and environmental hazards due to its substantial oil content. There is a need for a process to recoverit. The high content of the oil represents a high potential as material for biodiesel production. The purpose of this research was to obtain the best method of SBE reactivation to reuse it as an adsorbent for refining of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) and biodiesel. SBE could be reused with reactivation by acid activation and heat treatment. SBE was activated by various types of acids (H3PO4 2%, HNO3 5%, and H2SO4 10% (v/v)) and various ratio (1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 (w/v)) at temperature of 400°C. Measurements of quality of Reactivated Bleaching Earth (RBE) were carried out by adsorption of colour pigments from degummed palm oil. Bleaching efficiency of RBE was determined by measuring the absorbance value of oil that has been bleached with RBE. The experimental results indicated that treatment of SBE with HNO3 5% (1:2) was the best condition and produced material which most effective in removing coloured pigments from CPO. This best condition was used to five times repetitive reactivation process. The ability of each RBE would be applied for the purification of biodiesel and CPO. Measurements of various quality parameters of biodiesel and CPO were carriedout. They included free fatty acid, iodine value, density, viscosity, bleaching efficiency, and % T. The results showed that the quality of bleached palm oil and biodiesel increased after bleaching with RBE.Keywords: spent bleaching earth (SBE), reactivated bleaching earth (RBE), crude palm oil (CPO), biodiesel,reactivation, bleaching efficienc
PERUBAHAN KANDUNGAN KIMIA SARI ROSELA MERAH DAN UNGU (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) HASIL PENGERINGAN MENGGUNAKANCABINET DRYER DAN FLUIDIZED BED DRYER
Get PDFRoselle leaves were dried to improve handling and increase its preservation. In this study, two methods of drying were used, i.e. cabinet dryer (60oC, 6 hours) and fluidized bed dryer (70oC, 1.5 hours) and two variety of roselles were used, i.e.red roselle and purple roselle. The result showed that drying process decreased the content of anthocyanin, vitamin C and antioxidant capacity compared withthose of fresh roselle. The cabinet dryer maintained more of anthocyanin than fluidized bed dryer. From both dryers, contents of anthocyanin and antioxidant capacity in purple roselle were higher than red roselle,but vitamin C content in red roselle was higher than that in purple roselle. The phytochemical analyses indicated that both of roselles contained flavonoid, steroid, triterpenoid, saponine, tannin and phenolhydroquinone.Keywords: cabinet dryer, fluidized bed dryer, anthocyanin, antioxidant capacity, rosell