Journal of Agroindustrial Technology
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SINTESIS SURFAKTAN DIETANOLAMIDA (DEA) DARI METIL ESTER OLEIN SAWIT MENGGUNAKAN REAKTOR 25 LITER
Get PDFSynthesis of diethanolamide (DEA) surfactant from palm olein methyl esters has the potential to commercialization. This surfactant product can reduce surface water tension from 72 dyne/cm to 33.82-32.06 dyne/cm in laboratory scale and the synthesis process was 50% cheaper than palm kernel fatty acids. So that, it is necessary to review the surfactant DEA production from palm olein methyl esters. The purpose of this research was to get the best synthesis process of DEA surfactant on 25 L/batch reactor. The synthesis process of DEA surfactants was divided into two stages. The first stage was conducted to determine duration and stirring rate of the DEA surfactant synthesis process. Then the best result in this first stage was continued in the second stage of the synthesis. The second stage was conducted by using an installed bulkhead in the reactor and some agitators for the DEA surfactant synthesis process. The lowest value of surface tension was the main parameter that was used for determining the best synthesis of DEA surfactant. Based on the first stage results, it was known that the best synthesis process was 4 hours with 100 rpm stirring rate. In the second stage, it was concluded that the best type of agitator was propeller. The best surface tension of DEA surfactant resulting from this research was 14.28 dyne / cm. The other parameters produced from the synthesis process were yield of 95.24%, viscosity of 245.41 cP, density of 0.973 g/mL, and pH of 11.1.Key words : DEA surfactant, diethanolamide, surface tension, synthesis proces
NANOSILICA FROM THE BOILER ASH OF THE SUGAR CANE INDUSTRY AS A FILLER OF POLYSULFONE AND SULFONATED POLYETHERETHERKETONE MEMBRANES IN DIRECT METHANOL FUEL CELL
Get PDFNanosilika dari abu ketel industri gula tebu dapat digunakan sebagai pengisi untuk komposit polimer PSF-sPEEK untuk menjadi membran alternatif pada DMFC yang selama ini menggunakan membran elektrolit Politetrafloroetilena (PTFE). Membran PTFE tersebut memiliki harga tinggi, methanol crossover tinggi, stabilitas rendah pada suhu tinggi, dan konduktivitas rendah pada kelembaban rendah atau suhu tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan pengaruh dari komposisi perbandingan polisulfon (PSF)-polietereterketon tersulfonasi (sPEEK) dan perbandingan campuran polimer tersebut dengan penambahan nanosilika terhadap kinerja membran. Penelitan ini dilakukan melalui sintesis nanosilika dari abu ketel dengan metode ektraksi basa dan proses presipitasi, serta penambahan nanosilika tersebut terhadap komposit PSF-sPEEK untuk membentuk membran elektrolit melalui metode inversi fasa. Komposisi perbandingan PSF-sPEEK yaitu 1:9; 1:12; 1:15 sedangkan penambahan nanosilika yaitu sebanyak 1%, 3% dan 5%. Nanosilika yang dihasilkan memiliki ukuran partikel 330 nm, PDI (polydispersity index) 0.3, ukuran kristal 47,49 nm, dan derajat kristalinitas 64%. Uji ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa penambahan nanosilika dan komposisi PSF-sPEEK berpengaruh nyata terhadap kinerja membran. Membran dengan komposisi 1:12 dengan penambahan nanosilika 3% memiliki kinerja lebih baik dibandingkan membran yang lainnya dengan nilai daya serap air, daya serap methanol, kapasitas penukar ion dan konduktivitas ionic berturut-turut 27,21%, 25,62%, 2,56 meq/g, dan 66,28x10-6 S/cm. Kata kunci: membran DMFC, nanosilika, PSF (polisulfon), sPEEK (polieter-eterketontersulfonasi)
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI SENYAWA FENOLIK EKSTRAK ROSELA (Hisbiscus sabdariffa) YANG DIHASILKAN DARI BEBERAPA VARIASI METODE DAN LAMA PENGERINGAN
Get PDFWet roselle is a highly perishable material subject to uncontrolled microbial spoilage because it contains 80-90% of water. Therefore, dehydration process is the important step to extend shelflife of raw material and keeping its native properties before utilization for different purposes. The objective of this study was to determine the method and duration of roselle drying which yields extracts with high phenolic compounds and antibacterial activity. The research has been conducted in three different methods, i.e.cabinet dryer, a direct exposure on sun light as weel as by using a glasshouse effect panel with duration of driying: 1,3,5,and 7 hours. The observed parameters werewater content, pH, amount of phenolic compounds, and antibacterial activity. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with further test DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) and linier regression. The best method from these study was cabinet dryer with drying duration of 7 hours which have water content of 7.5%, total phenolic compounds of 22.43 mg/100 g, pH 1, and antibacterial activities against Eschericiacoli and Staphylococcus aureus were 8.74 mm and 7.06 mm, respcetively. Drying rate equation for this methode was Y= -22.93x +122.8. Keywords: phenolics compound, drying, roselle, antibacterial activit
PRODUKSI DAN KARAKTERISTIK GELATIN HALAL BERBAHAN DASAR USUS AYAM
Get PDFGelatine is one of the most indispensable products in the food industry, pharmaceutical industry, photography industry, and other industries. Currently, the demand for gelatine in Indonesia is almost 100% fulfilled by gelatine imports from various countries. Imported gelatineare obtained from the hydrolysis of collagen from pigs and cattle body parts, which causes the anxiety of the Indonesian because the majority of Indonesian are moslems. Moslems forbid all types of food products derived from pigs and livestock that are not slaughtered using Islamic ways. Therefore, it is necessary to find out various raw materials alternatives to get halal gelatine. Gelatine can be made from various body tissues of livestock such as chicken intestines. The main ingredients of the intestine are proteins including collagen. Gelatine is obtained from collagen hydrolysis. Optimization of the acid concentration and soaking time at the demineralization stage influence to gelatine quality. This experiment was conducted experimentally, the design used was a complete randomized design with factorial pattern, the treatments were hydrochloric acid concentration (3, 5, and 7%) and soaking time (24, 48, and 72 hours), each treatment was repeated four times. Variant analysis was used to determine the treatment difference, followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) to test the differences between treatments. The results showed that there was an interaction between the use of hydrochloric acid concentration with the length of soaking time on the quality of chicken intestine gelatine. The use of 3% hydrochloric acid with 24 hours soaking time resulted the best quality of chicken intestine gelatin, and had gelatine characteristic ie yield of 4.33%; water content of 5.49%; ash content 3.80%; pH 5.5; and gel strength of 157.48 g bloom.Keywords: gelatin, characterization, production, chicken intestin
KINERJA OIL SPILL DISPERSANT DALAM PROSES BIOREMEDIASI TANAH TERCEMAR MINYAK BUMI (STUDI KASUS TANAH TERCEMAR MINYAK BUMI LAPANGAN XYZ)
Get PDFOil spill dispersant (OSD) is a surfactant product that serves as dispersant. OSD has been widely used and proven to be effective in oil spills both in the sea and in the land. The OSD-SBRC (Surfactant and Bioenergy Research Center) IPB was produced from palm oil, while the commercial product of OSD S200 was made from LAS (Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate) based from petroleum. Application of OSD in bioremediation testing occurred on petroleum contaminated soil from the field with initial total petroleum hydrocarbon of 6-10%. The treatment of dispersant to oil ratio (DOR) was at 0.5:1 and 1:1. The contaminated soil was added with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and fertilizers (Urea and SP36) to support bacterial growth. The environmental soil conditions during the bioremediation process were observed as pH, moisture content, and temperature. The OSD performance in bioremediation process was measured as TPH (Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon) and TPC (Total Plate Count). The results showed that pH, moisture content and temperature levels were at optimum condition for bacterial growth to optimally degrade the hydrocarbon. The result of TPC value showed that treatment with the addition of OSD S200 caused inhibition of microbial growth P. aeruginosa bacteria. The TPH measurements showed that treatment with OSD SBRC with DOR (0.5:1) was able to degrade hydrocarbons up to 89.62%. The bioremediation process using OSD-SBRC was better than OSD S200.Keywords: bioremediation, hydrocarbon, OSD, surfactant
KONVERSI KONVERSI BIOGASOLIN DARI RESIDU MINYAK PALM OIL MILLS EFFLUENT (POME) DENGAN BANTUAN IRADIASI ULTRASONIK DAN PERENGKAHAN KATALITIK
Get PDFPalm oil mill effluent (POME) is a liquid waste by product of fresh fruit bunches processing (FFB) in palm oil factory (POF). POME contains oil residue of 0.7% (from treated FFB). The purpose of this study was to convert oil residue of POME into biogasolin with the help of ultrasonic irradiation and catalytic cracking. The convertion was performed by reacting oil residue of POME with methanol in an esterification and transesterification reaction with the aid of ultrasonic irradiation. The reaction product was further reacted in the catalytic cracking reaction using zeolite-based catalysts (Ni/HZa and Mo-Ni/HZa). The overall reaction results were characterized using GCMS to determine the constituent components. The components found using Mo-Ni/HZa catalyst were 51.22% biogasoline and other products of kerosene and diesel as well as long chain methyl ester components, whereas using Ni/HZa catalyst was found a component equivalent to diesel at 2.44%.Keywords: biogasoline, ultrasonic irradiation, catalytic cracking, zeolite catalyst, POM
HIDROLISAT KOLAGEN DARI LIMBAH PADAT KULIT SAMAK SEBAGAI COATING SUPERABSORBENT PADA PUPUK LAMBATURAI: SEBUAH LITERATUR REVIEW
Get PDFThe leather tanning industryis identical with eco-unfriendly due to the high production of waste. There are two type of solid waste, namely chromium-containing solid waste and chromium-free solid waste. This review discussed the latest studies that have been done in the utilization of chromium-containing solid waste, superabsorbent, and slow release fertilizer. Hydrolized collagen (h-collagen) is a major ingredient in this solid waste. H-collagen has the potential to be used as the second coating on the engineering of slow-release fertilizer so it has the power as superabsorbent (SAP). H-collagen has many reactive hydrophilic groups which can be modified to increase its hydrophilicity thus replacing synthetic polymers in theSAP manufacturing. The separation of chromium from the solid waste is the first thing to do before the utilization of the collagen contained therein. H-collagen utilization from the solid waste of leather is expected to produce a natural SAP at a cheaper price and environmentally friendly. Keywords: leather-tanning solid waste, collagen hydrolysates, superabsorbent, slow release fertilize
PERANCANGAN MODEL SISTEM INTELIJENSIA BISNIS UNTUK MENGANALISIS PEMASARAN PRODUK ROTI DI PABRIK ROTI MENGGUNAKAN METODE DATA MINING DAN CUBE
Get PDFBusiness intelligence systems participate to deliveran accurate and useful information to decision makers in marketing division of bakeries manufacture. The purpose of this study was to design business intelligence model to analyze the marketing product, design the data mining model, measure and analyze the marketing process of the product they sell. The methodology of this research wasto analyze system requirements, design unified modeling language, make process extract, transform, and load, designdata warehouse, and data mining that integrated with the on line analytical process cube webbased. The business intelligence model produced was a marketing data mining model and on line analytical process cube. The result from on line analytical process cube was the data warehouse of transaction in R Bakery. In designing the data mining, K-means clustering method was used. The results from data mining k-means clustering were there were 83% cluster 1 and 17% cluster 2. Cluster 1 wasthecategorize for low leftover breads and cluster 2 was the categorize for high leftover breads. The model cube recency, frequency, and monetary and customer lifetime value resulted ranked out of the most amount of sales in R Bakery. Keywords: business intelligence system, data mining, extract transform load, on line analitical process cub
Kata Pengantar
No full textPRAKATA Pembaca yang budiman,Puji syukur kita panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT, atas berkat dan rahmatNya kamidapat kembali hadir untuk menyajikan artikel-artikel terkini pada Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Volume 28 Nomor 2 Edisi Agustus, Tahun 2018. Semua artikel yang dimuat pada Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian ini telah diseleksi dan ditelaah oleh Dewan Editor dan Mitra Bebestari yang kompeten. Hanya artikel-artikel berkualitas baik dan sangat baik yang dapat dimuat pada Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian. Topik-topik yang disajikan pada edisi ini meliputi: karakteristik papan partikel dari bambu dengan perekat getah damar, pemetaan ekosistem inovasi di perguruan tinggi, pembuatan keju nabati dari kedelai menggunakan bakteri asam laktat yang, sistem manajemen risiko kontaminasi pada rantai pasok pangan, analisis kandungan di-n-butil ptalat (dbp) pada kemasan kertas, perancangan kemasan buah salak segar dalam bentuk tandan, strategi pemasaran cv diana phon bogor, analisis rantai nilai agroindustri sagu di kabupaten kepulauan meranti, karakteristik dan aktivitas antibakteri minyak atsiri rimpang jeringau, karakteristik sorpsi isotermis pada aplikasi silika (SiO2) sebagai anticaking agent tepung bumbu , potensi agroindustri berbasis kelapa untuk pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat di kabupaten pangandaran, Sebagai penutup disajikan artikel yang berjudul karakteristik padatan anaerobik hasil pengelolaan terintegrasi sampah kota sebagai pupuk organi. Kepada penulis dan mitra bebestari yang telah berkontribusi pada penerbitan jurnal edisi ini, kami menyampaikan terima kasih yang mendalam. Kami mengundang rekan sejawat peneliti dan praktisi agroindustri mengirimkan naskah untuk disajikan pada jurnal ini. Saran dan kritik yang membangun dari pelanggan, pembaca dan para pihak lainnya sangat kami harapkan. Selamat membaca. Ketua Dewan Editor Marimi
PEMETAAN EKOSISTEM INOVASI DI PERGURUAN TINGGI
Get PDFInnovation ecosystem mapping is a method to identify positions and roles of stakeholders. This research was an initial stage of research of building innovation ecosystem in higher education institution. Mapping of stakeholder’s roles was conducted by classifying stakeholder’s role based on framework of process innovation that include idea generation, research and development and commercialisation. This research used case study research design. Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) was choosen as object study because it contributed as the most active innovation producer during 2009-2016 period according to LIPI Indonesia Business Innovation Center. Data collection is done through interview and collecting related document such as Standard Operation Procedure (SOP). After conducting studies, there were 13 activities related to innovation process conducted by stakeholders which determine the development performance of IPB innovation ecosystem. Based on overlapping analysis, there were similarities of roles in innovation management of IPB that werefacilitating research cooperation, incubating, patenting and disseminating innovation. Based on gap analysis, all of commercialisation process stage was not done yet by the stakeholder that include developing and examinating product concept, bussiness analysis, developing product.Keyword: ecosystem,higher education, innovation,mapping rol