Journal of Agroindustrial Technology
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No full textPRAKATA Pembaca yang budiman,Puji syukur kita panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT, atas berkat dan rahmatNya kami dapat kembali hadir untuk menyajikan artikel-artikel terkini pada Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Volume 29 Nomor 2 Edisi Agustus, Tahun 2019. Semua artikel yang dimuat pada Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian ini telah diseleksi dan ditelaah oleh Dewan Editor dan Mitra Bebestari yang kompeten. Hanya artikel-artikel berkualitas baik dan sangat baik yang dapat dimuat pada Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian.Topik-topik yang disajikan pada edisi ini meliputi:model ontologi varietas kelapa sawit, aplikasi pati asetat sebagai carrier agent antosianin, sinergi supply chain yang efektif : literature review ,model konseptual pemetaan wilayah potensial hilirisasi kelapa sawit, penentuan lokasi agroindustri kopra di kabupaten mentawai, pengolahan limbah batang sawit menjadi pupuk kompos, perancangan sistem informasi persediaan bahan baku, penerapan pendekatan machine learning pada pengembangan basis data herbal, perbaikan kualitas air baku oleh isolat bakteri nitrifkasi indigenous, formulasi produk flake sereal menggunakan tepung kacang nagara termodifikasi , penyisihan polutan dari air lindi tempat pembuangan sampah. Sebagai penutup disajikan artikel yang berjudul nanohidrogel tapioka menggunakan epiklorohidrin sebagai agen pengikat silang Kepada penulis dan mitra bebestari yang telah berkontribusi pada penerbitan jurnal edisi ini, kami menyampaikan terima kasih yang mendalam. Kami mengundang rekan sejawat peneliti dan praktisi agroindustri mengirimkan naskah untuk disajikan pada jurnal ini. Saran dan kritik yang membangun dari pelanggan, pembaca dan para pihak lainnya sangat kami harapkan. Selamat membaca. Ketua Dewan Editor Marimi
PERBAIKAN KUALITAS AIR BAKU OLEH ISOLAT BAKTERI NITRIFKASI INDIGENOUS MENGGUNAKAN MOVING BED BIOFILTER REACTOR (MBBR)
Get PDFBio-filtration technology is considered as one of prevention solutions for declining raw water quality. The research purpose was to identify biofilm growth formation as viability cell in acclimatization period that can be used for ammonia elimination by using various indigenous chemo-heterotroph bacteria isolated from bio-filter media specimen and moving bed bio-filter reactor performance. Reactor was configured within aerobic system comparing two biofilm–attached support–medium filters (i.e. drinking-water-bottle-PET-chips and PVC). Bacteria potency on ammonia removal in kinetics modeling was advance investigated. Kinetics determination was based on empirical approach in first order by using formula of Cout = Cin exp(-k.EBRT), where Cout is ammonia concentration in outlet, Cin is ammonia concentration in inlet, k is first-order reaction rate constant and Empty Bed Retention Time (EBRT) can be formulated about setting comparison the discharge ammonia load (Q) and volume reactor (V). Total thirteen potential biofilm bacterias were successfully isolated in 24–hours–incubation at 37oC and by using Bergey’s method successfully identified prime biofilm isolates of Bacillus sp and Pseudomonas sp, then re-selected to determine one with the best ammonia removal ability. The ammonia removal kinetics constant of each reactor was obtained as followed: (1) kPET =0.421h-1(ɳ = 62.47%-NH3) and (2) kPVC = 0.412 h-1(ɳ = 58.80%-NH3).Keywords:ammonia removal, biofilm viability, bio-filtration, raw water, polyethylene terephthalate chip
AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN HIDROLISAT PROTEIN MIOFIBRIL BELUT (Synbranchus bengalensis) YANG DIHIDROLISIS DENGAN ENZIM PAPAIN
Get PDFProtein hydrolysates contain bioactive peptides which have several function in order to maintain health and reduce the risk of disease. One of the functions of bioactive peptides is as an antioxidant. This study aims to characterize eel myofibril (Synbranchus bengalensis), determine the effect of papain enzyme ratio and hydrolysis time on eel myofibril protein hydrolysates, determine the antioxidant activity of eel myofibril hydrolysates by using DPPH and reducing power assay, and characterize the hydrolysate of myofibril proteins which have the best antioxidant activity. The results showed that eel myofibril protein contained moisture, fat, protein and ash of 85.91, 0.15, 0.14 and 12.78% respectively and contained the highest glutamic acid and lysine. Hydrolysates of eel myofibril proteins treated using various enzyme ratio and hydrolysis time had hydrolysates yields ranging from 3.53-9.68%, the value of hydrolysis degrees 5.20 - 16.193%, IC50 14.24 - 30.26 mg/mL for DPPH assay and absorbance 0.125 - 0.190 at a concentration of 5 mg/mL for reducing power assay. Hydrolysis eel myofibril protein using ratio papain 0.20:100 for 2 hours produced the highest antioxidant activities measuring by DPPH scavenging and reducing power iron. The hydrolysate had molecular weight approximately 19.51 kDa. Glutamic acid and lysine became the dominant amino acids of the hydrolysate.
Keywords: antioxidant, hydrolysates, myofibril, Synbranchus bengalensis, papai
APLIKASI PROSES TEMPERING UNTUK OPTIMASI TITIK LELEH COKELAT HITAM PRODUK PENGOLAHAN PINTAS
Get PDFThis research is to study the effect of tempering conditions on the change of melting point of dark chocolate produced through a stage of heating and cooling with the stirring process at low-speed. Melting point, hardness, and stickiness were measured in the combination of three different tempering conditions: low temperature (29°C, 31°C, and 33°C), high temperature (45°C, 47.5°C, and 50°C), and tempering time (10 minutes, 17.5 minutes, and 25 minutes). Optimum tempering conditions were evaluated using Response Surface Method (RSM). The best tempering condition was obtained at the combination of low temperature at 31°C, high temperature at 47.5°C, and tempering time at 17.5 minutes. This combination resulted melting point, hardness, and stickiness at 36.5°C, 746.3 g, and -89.941 g respectively. Thus, attainment of optimum tempering condition was central to the desired properties of produce which melt at human body temperature with the minimum level of hardness at room temperature. The best chocolate product is easily melted at human body temperature, but it is hard at room temperature and also have a minimum adhesiveness cause. Keywords : chocolate, hardness, melting point, response surface method, temperin
ANALISIS KINERJA RANTAI PASOK AGROINDUSTRI KAKAO DI KABUPATEN LIMA PULUH KOTA, PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT
Get PDFImplementation of supply chain management concepts is needed to meet consumer demand for agricultural products which include overall management of production, distribution and marketing processes that can be measured through the measurement of supply chain performance. Supply chain performance is the integration of supply chain activities, to enhance relationships to gain competitive advantage. Cocoa commodity is one of the leading commodities in West Sumatera, and Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota is one of the locus of cocoa agroindustry. This study aimed to determine the supply chain system of cocoa agroindustry in Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota in terms of material, information and financial flow of each involved actors, and to measure how the performance of the cocoa agro-industry supply chain in Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota. The study used a questionnaire through the SCOR (Supply Chain Operation Reference) method with reliability, responsiveness, agility, cost and asset management attributes. The result of the research showed that in cocoa agro-industry supply chain there was a material flow of cocoa from farmer to cocoa processing agroindustry "Chokato", then processed cocoa products were sold to consumers (end consumers or consumers of IKM processing cocoa products). The information flow among actors included the quantity and price of cocoa that can be supplied and the quantity and price of processed cocoa products produced by cocoa processing agroindustry. In the financial flow, the value of purchases and sales value of magnitude were in line with the amount of material flow that exists between the actors in the supply chain system of cocoa agro-industry. The result of supply chain performance measurement was obtained that the highest importance level was at cost attribute equal to 4,84 in 1-5 scale meaning that in the supply chain of cocoa agrondustry was very important to the ability of supply chain entity in fulfillment of cost related to supply chain process, which will determine efficiency in product supply.Keywords: cocoa agroindustry, supply chain performance
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN CERDAS KESESUAIAN LAHAN DENGAN JENIS TANAMAN PANGAN: STUDI KASUS KABUPATEN SIKKA
Get PDFSikka District is an area with a dry tropical climate. Most of the plants especially food crops in Sikka District depend on rainfall. The lack of rain coupled with the weather anomalies occurring in Sikka District make Sikka District categorised in the area threatened by food insecurity. Food crop cultivation often experiences obstacles, one of which is in determining the suitability of agricultural land for the advancement of certain food crops because the productivity of food crops depends on the quality of the area used. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a smart decision support system to determine land suitability with food crops. This study used a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process to determine the value of alternatives based on parameters that affect the relevance of the land with the type of food crop. The results showed that corn food crops were the best alternative crop with a value of 0.339 of the three alternative food crops studied and then use the method fuzzy inference system to calculate the amount of land suitability. Kopong Village and Geliting Village were the best villages with land suitability values 81.Keywords: fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, fuzzy inference system, intelligent decision support systems, land suitabilit
APLIKASI PATI ASETAT SEBAGAI CARRIER AGENT ANTOSIANIN DARI UBI JALAR UNGU
Get PDFPurple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. Poir) anthocyanins is a source of natural colorant which has functional characteristic such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antimutagenic and anticarcinogen functions. The weaknesses of purple sweet potato anthocyanins are easily to degradation by pH, temperature, and light, but it can be improved by adding carrier agent. Acetilated starch is one of modified starch that has potential to be a carrier agent because of its ability to minimize decreasing active compound. The methodologies of the research were preparation and characterization of raw material, determination of the ratio of slurry and starch acetate carrier agent (10: 1; 10: 2 and 10: 3), application of starch acetate as anthocyanin carrier agent of slurry, filtrate and purple sweet potato pulp, and powder anthocyanin stabilized test to temperature and pH. The composition raw based material contained moisture content (79.09 - 93.51%), carbohydrates (5.63 - 20.18%), starch (4.96 - 19.22%), and anthocyanin content of 7.74 - 11.58 mg/100 g. The ratio of slurry and starch 10:1 gave Chroma of 18.48 and oHueof 334.75. In stabilization stage, slurry form produced the best characteristics i.e. anthocyanins content of 9.87 mg / 100 g, moisture content of 2.99%, Chroma of 15.92, oHue of 342.38, stable at a heating temperature of 80 oC and pH of 3 - 4 and also dissolved well at 80oC. The result showed that acetilated starch binds purple sweet potato anthocyanins in slurry form more stable than those in filtrate and pulp.Keywords: anthocyanins, carrier agent, acetate starc
PENYISIHAN POLUTAN DARI AIR LINDI TEMPAT PEMBUANGAN SAMPAH DENGAN METODE PRESIPITASI STRUVITE: PENGARUH DOSIS PRESIPITAN DAN pH
Get PDFLeachate is a waste water formed from the disposed garbage in landfill site. Leachate has a high content of ammonium that can contaminate water. Ammonium removal can be done by struvite precipitation. Struvite precipitation is a process of precipitation by chemical reactions assisted with precipitant chemicals containing Mg2+ and PO43- forming a precipitate of struvite crystals (MgNH4PO4.6H2O). This study aimed to determine the effect of molar ratio and pH on ammonium removal and other important pollutants from leachate. The leachate used for the experiments was taken from landfill Galuga, Bogor Regency that is used for disposal of municipal solid wastes from Bogor City and its surroundings. MgCl2.6H2O and Na2HPO4.2H2O were used as precipitants. The process was conducted in a jar test with stirring speed of 120 rpm for 15 minutes with sedimentation time of 45 minutes. Results showed that this process could reduce ammonium concentration as well as other important pollutant levels, such as COD, TSS, turbidity, and colour. The best ammonium removal efficiency was obtained at molar ratio of 1: 1.3: 1.2 and pH 9 with an ammonium removal of 80.51%. In this condition, removals of 46.67% COD, TSS 96.04%, turbidity 86.1%, and colour of 86.43% were achieved.Keywords: Ammonium, leachate, molar ratio, precipitation, struvit
KARAKTERISTIK TEPUNG KECAMBAH KACANG NAGARA (Vigna unguiculata ssp Cylindrica) PADA SKALA KECIL DAN SCALE UP
Get PDFSouth Kalimantan\u27s pre-eminent cowpea, namely Nagara beans, needs to be improved, one of them being sprout flour. The purpose of this study was to (1) analyze the chemical and physicochemical properties of Nagara bean sprout flour on a small scale; (2) determining the best soaking and germination time on a small scale; and (3) comparing the chemical properties of Nagara bean sprout flour between small scale and scale up. The method used is making Nagara bean sprout on a small scale with an amount of 500 g, while on a scale up making sprout with an amount of 3000 g. Making sprouts on a small scale soaking for 12, 18, and 24 hours and germination for 24, 36, 42 and 48 hours. The germination for scale up is done with the best soaking and germination time of small-scale results, namely soaking for 12 hours and germination for 48 hours. The result is that soaking time only affects protein and carbohydrate content, whereas the interaction between soaking and germination time only affects the protein content of Nagara bean sprout flour. The best Nagara bean sprout flour is produced with a 12 hours soaking time and 48 hours germination time. Changes in the scale of the process of germination of Nagara bean sprout flour from small scale to scale up caused a decrease in levels of ash, protein and vitamin C content and an increase in levels of fat, carbohydrates, Fe, Ca, and vitamin E content.
Keywords : Nagara bean, sprout, flour, small scale, scale u
PRODUKSI BIOETANOL DARI BUAH BEBERAPA JENIS MANGROVE DI PAPUA
Get PDFMangrove plant has played important role in Papua, both to support the health of ecosystem and the livelihood of its community. As of now, there is only limited knowledge on the utilization of mangroves in Papua. Several varieties in Papua are known to contain carbohydrate and cellulose that can be used to produce food or bioethanol. This study aimed to examine the production of bioethanol using dry grinding and wet grinding methods. The varieties of mangroves used in this research were Rhizophora mucronata Lmk., Rhizophora stylosa Griff., and Bruguiera gymnorrizha. The content of bioethanol as well as the shape and dimension of these varieties were measured in this study. The shape of the mangroves fruit was cylindrical. The mass averages of these mangroves were 180.80 g, 40.39 g and 37.62 g, respectively. The length of the mangrove fruits were 72.33 cm, 41.00 cm and 23.33 cm respectively. The result of the research showed that the best method to produce bioethanol from mangrove fruit was the dry grinding method which resulting in average bioethanol content 6% v/m. Rhizophora stylosa Griff produced the highest bioethanol content, 9.26% v/m, using the dry grinding method and 7.14% with the wet grinding method.
Keywords:mangrove fruits, bioethanol, dry grinding,wet grindin