Journal of Agroindustrial Technology
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MODEL KONSEPTUAL PEMETAAN WILAYAH POTENSIAL HILIRISASI KELAPA SAWIT BERDASARKAN DAYA SAING DAN KELEMBAGAAN PETANI SWADAYA
Get PDFPalm oil as a leading commodity that has a role in national development, continues to experienceincreased demand, dueto it beneficial in various fields of needs. However, the problems and challenges haveprompted the government to improve its competitiveness through in-country palm oil downstream policies. Oneof the policies is smallholder farmers oil palm’s replanting to support palm oil downstream sector and toincrease the smallholder farmers’ social welfare. The crucial thing that is important to note and become thefocus of this research is the linkage of the smallholder farmers in support palm oil downstream policies,becausethe smallholder farmers as the main raw materials supplierto downstream palm oil agroindustry are stillobstructed,in relation to geographical conditions, its competitiveness, and its institutions. Therefore, a study wasneeded to produce an integrated palm oil downstream strategic planning related to the area, competitiveness,and institutional of palm oil smallholder farmers, in determining the potential area model for the development ofpalm oil downstream in order to have comparative and competitive advantages.The conceptual model of palmoil downstream’spotential areas that uses spatial analysis through geographical information system was used toobtain an overview of the palm oil condition, while competitiveness conceptual modelling uses Diamond Portercompetitivenessindex, and the institutional modelling uses Interpretative Structure Modeling (ISM) method toobtain the influential variables as the key elements in the palm oil downstream that affect the smallholderfarmers position.Keywords: competitiveness, palm oil downstream,institutional, area mapping, smallholder farmer
PRODUKSI FILM BIOMULSA DARI KLOBOT JAGUNG - LLDPE UNTUK APLIKASI DI BIDANG HORTIKULTURA
Get PDFFrom a crop production perspective, plastic mulches can increase yields, extend the growing season, reduce weed pressure, increase fertilizer use efficiency, conserve soil moisture, and increase soil temperature. A major limitation of polyethylene mulch involves disposal of mulch material following use. Recently, biodegradable mulch films have been viewed as a more sustainable ecological alternative to plastic polyethylene mulch. In an effort to cope up with the severe and continuously growing agricultural plastic waste problem, biodegradable film was fabricate using natural waste (corn husk) as reinforcing agent and the film fabricated was used to produce biodegradable mulching fim (Biomulch). In this research, the biomulch of the corn husk and Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) produced by extrusion and calandering method with a width of 25 cm has been made. Biomulches were made of corn husksby concentration of: 5, 10 and 15% (% w/w). Proximate and fiber analysis were conducted to determine the composition of corn husks. The biomulches were produced were analyzed by mechanical, thermal, microstructure, morphological, and functional group properties.The results showed that the mechanical characteristics decreased with the addition of cornhusk concentration on biomulches, and concentration 5 % had the highest mechanical characteristics with tensile strength of 14.52 MPa, elongation at break of 358.10% and modulus of elasticity of 0.37 GPa. Keywords: biomulches, corn husks, calandering, LLDP
MODEL ONTOLOGI VARIETAS KELAPA SAWIT SEBAGAI DASAR SISTEM BERBASIS PENGETAHUAN RISET PERKEBUNAN
Get PDFKnowledge is an important asset that is easily lost. This loss process has a significant impact on plantation research organizations whose research takes a long time. This research aimed to develop an ontology model for recording knowledge about oil palm varieties. In order to save knowledge, in this research nine oil palm varieties were modeled into ontology using the Web Ontology Language (OWL). Any information in oil palm varieties can be sorted and grouped into classes, object properties, data properties, or data expressions. The relationship between data in oil palm varieties can be well represented using ontology. Based on the results from HermiT reasoners, the ontologies with 43 classes are consistent. Information in the ontology of oil palm varieties can be easily rediscovered using the description logic query (DL-Query). The model produced from this research can be used as an initial model in designing knowledge management systems and ontology-based oil palm expert systems.Keywords: ontology, OWL, oil palm seed, knowledge managemen
PRODUKSI BUBUK SINBIOTIK DARI HIDROLISATEucheuma cottonii MENGGUNAKANSPRAY DRYING
Get PDFEucheuma cottonii is red algae that contain high carbohydrates, especially carrageenan. Carrageenan is a sulfated polygalactan with 15-40% of ester-sulfate content. It is formed by alternate units of D-galactose and 3,6-anhydro-galactose joined by α-1,3 and β-1,4-glycosidic linkage. The galactose polymer therein can be hydrolyzed into Galactooligosaccharide (GOS)type prebiotics. Hydrolysis was done by low concentration of sulfuric acid and crude enzyme from inactivation of Vibrio algynoliticus cell broth. Combination of prebiotic and probiotic provide lactic acid bacteria (BAL) as well as its food sources in the colon. The aim of this research is to know the characteristics of BALgrowth and fermentation in hydrolysateof E. cottonii and to know the best method in producing synbiotic powdersfrom BAL grown in hydrolysate. Analysis conducted include the characteristics of synbiotic powders using two types of BAL, namely Lactobacillus casei and kefir bacteria (Lactobacillus spp.). Characteristics of the two types of BAL produced during fermentation were qualified as probiotics which were amounted to more than 108 cell/mL, pH value <4.5, and total acid> 0.2%. The results showed that the number of living bacteria was higherin the method of synbiotic productions after dryingof hydrolysates followed by inoculum addition, than the method of synbiotic productions which inoculum addition was donebefore drying.
Keywords:Eucheuma cottonii, Lactobacillus casei,Lactobacillus spp.in kefi
KARAKTERISTIK MIKROKAPSUL ANTOSIANIN UBI JALAR UNGU DENGAN TEKNIK SPRAY DRYING
Get PDFAnthocyanin is a source of natural dyes that can replace synthetic dyes. Its nature which is susceptible to certain environmental conditions limits its usefulness in food processing, so it is necessary to encapsulate it in a matrix in the form of microencapsulation. Anthocyanin was extracted from purple sweet potato. Encapsulation was carried out by spray drying technique with the matrix carboxymethyl starch (CMS) and sodium alginate. The matrix combinations used were 1% CMS, CMS-alginate (0.75%: 0.25%), and CMS-alginate (0.5%: 0.5%). The aim of this work was to obtain the physical and morphological characteristics of purple sweet potato anthocyanin microcapsules in each matrix combination. The results of the purple sweet potato anthocyanin micro encapsulation using spray dyring technique showed that microcapsules with CMS matrix of 1% had the highest efficiency encapsulation (EE) and yield of 99.37 ± 0.49% and 58.52 ± 0.23% respectively. Purple sweet potato anthocyanin microcapsules with CMS 1% matrix gave the best thermal stability compared to CMS-alginate matrix (0.5% : 0.5%) and CMS-alginate (0.75% : 0.25%). The average particle size for purple sweet potato anthocyanin microcapsules from various matrices ranged from 4.2-4.8 µm with a rounded shape.Keywords: anthocyanin, microcapsule, CMS, alginate, spray dryin
APLIKASI PERLAKUAN PENDAHULUAN PULSED ELECTRIC FIELD (PEF) PADA EKSTRAKSI TANIN BIJI PINANG (Areca catechu) (KAJIAN FREKUENSI DAN WAKTU PEF)
Get PDFAreca catechu contains tannins compounds acting as antioxidants. Extraction process is required to obtain these compounds from areca nut. Pretreatment before extraction using Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) has shown improvement of yield as well as the quality of antioxidant extracts compared with control. The experimental design of this research was Factorial Random Design with two factors. The first factor was frequency of PEF with three levels of 1, 1.5, and 2 kHz and the second factor was PEF application time with three levels of 20, 25, and 30 seconds. The extract of areca seed from PEF extraction with combination of frequency and time of PEF using magnetic field 450 v/cm did not provide significanty different yield and quality. The selection of best treatment was based on the economic aspects and analysis of variance, since there was no significant difference between each parameter and treatment. The best frequency and duration of PEF on yield and antioxidant quality of areca nut extract were 1 kHz and 20 second with a yield of 5.6%; moisture content of 7.78%; IC50 value of 277,56 ppm; and tannins content of 442.36 mg GAE/g. FTIR spectrophotometric analysis results showed that the resulting absorption has a functional group that supports the presence of tannins.Keywords: fresh areca nut, electroporation, electrical puls
SINERGI SUPPLY CHAIN YANG EFEKTIF : LITERATURE REVIEW AGROINDUSTRI BAWANG MERAH DI SUMATERA BARAT
Get PDFThe agroindustry of shallot in West Sumatra currently requires further strengthening of therelationship between supply chain actors to improve the efficiency of the market system and the application of modern technology today. This study aims to photograph the supply chain of shallot agroindustry in West Sumatra and reconstruct the synergy of shallot agroindustry supply chain actors for the welfare of farmers. The research methodology used to Systematic Literature Review (SLR), methode that is literature review method which identify, assess, and interpret all findings on a research topic, to answer research question.The results of the study that the portrait of shallot agroindustry supply chain is mapping the market potential that is a mainstay in shallot agroindustry, conducting comparative analysis of the role of stakeholders in the supply chain as a business unit, mapping gaps in profit distribution among supply chain actors and accrue recorded price data. Farmers and has a high ability in market access and integrated in all business processes with all supply chain stakeholders. In conclusion, synergiof supply chain on integrated shallot agroindustry will correlated to the increasing ability of the resourches supply chain shallot agents of agroindustry from various elements and to integrate a more efficient and effective supply chain that transforms the agricultural sector into the industrial sector.Keywords: supply chain, agroindustry, synergi, agriculture secto
IMPROVING THE CAPABILITY OF FISH PROCESSING INNOVATION THROUGH INNOVATION SYSTEM STRENGTHENING
Get PDFIndustri pengolahan hasil perikanan di Provinsi Banten memiliki potensi yang baik tetapi memiliki kapabilitas inovasi yang rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan model konseptual bagi peningkatan kapabilitas inovasi Usaha Kecil Menengah (UKM) olahan ikan di Provinsi Banten. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian tindakan berdasarkan Soft System Methodology (SSM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rendahnya kapabilitas inovasi dari usaha kecil menengah pengolahan ikan di Provinsi Banten disebabkan oleh rendahnya kerjasama dan interaksi di antara pelaku inovasi. Yang direkomendasikan sebagai usaha perbaikan adalah penguatan sistem inovasi, dengan cara meningkatkan kolaborasi inovasi di antara empat aktor inovasi, yaitu UKM, pemerintah daerah, universitas dan lembaga penelitian lainnya, serta masyarakat, disebut juga Quadruple Helix Innovation, melalui program (1) kurikulum berbasis technopreneurship dan inovasi, (2) inkubasi bisnis (3) standarisasi dan sertifikasi produk perikanan, (4) diseminasi hasil penelitian, dan (5) Science Park / Technopark berbasis pengolahan ikan.Kata kunci: pengolahan ikan, sistem inovasi, Quadruple Helix, Soft System Methodolog
ASSESSMENT INDEKS LEAN DAN GREEN PADA SMEs COKELAT BEAN TO BAR DI INDONESIA
Get PDFThe development of chocolate Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) is very strategic for Indonesia, where trade transactions value of processed cocoa and chocolate contributes to foreign exchange> USD 1 Billion/year. The demands of industrial operational systems that are slender (lean) and environmentally friendly (green) will be very important issues to be resolved particularly by SMEs with all their limitations. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of practice of lean and green on chocolate bean to bar SMEs in Indonesia and determine the importance of experts on the implementation of lean and green on chocolate bean to bar SMEs in Indonesia. The results of the analysis of the lean practice level on chocolate bean to bar SMEs with a scale of 1 - 5, obtained a lean practice level obtained a scale of 3.85 and green practice of 3.39, while the scale of importance for lean is 4.41 and for green is 4.5. This indicates that the achievement index of lean and green practices are in the value of 3.62 which means that SMEs cocoa bean to bar Indonesia has not fully implemented the practices of lean and green.Keywords : practice lean, practice green, SMEs, chocolate industry, bean to bar, LG Inde
STRATEGI PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS DAN KUALITAS KEDELAI LOKAL DENGAN PENDEKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS HIJAU
Get PDFIncreasing the competitiveness of soybean is an important thing and priority that must be done in order to fulfil the national food security. The objectives of the research were (1)to map of local soybean problems associated with the concept of green productivity, (2) performance / green productivity index of soybean cultivation, and (3) design model of increasing soybean green productivity. The research was conducted in Banten Province on soybean production center. Data and information were collected through interviews and in-depth discussions on soybean business actors. The methods used were Green Value Mapping system, Green Produtivity Indeks, and Fuzzy Inference System (FIS). The results showed that the green productivity status of soybean agribusiness was in low category that need to be improved through innovation especially on seed supply, post harvest handling, and utilization of waste.Keywords : soybean, competitiveness, green productivity, green value stream mapping, fuzzy inference syste