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La bacheca delle offerte di stage/lavoro: il nuovo servizio di VULCANO per favorire l’incontro tra laureati e mondo del lavoro
No full textThe board vacancies offered by the VULCANO service is a further opportunity for graduates and companies to get in touch by way of Internet. This paper outlines the main features and functionalities of the service.La bacheca delle offerte di stage/lavoro proposta dal servizio VULCANO rappresenta per laureati e aziende un’ulteriore opportunità di entrare in contatto tramite Internet. Il presente articolo ne descrive le caratteristiche e le funzionalità
Il servizio di emeroteca virtuale al CASPUR ed il suo nuovo motore di ricerca
No full textCASPUR has been offering since 1999 a web based Digital Library service called “Emeroteca Virtuale” (EV), which guarantees full-text permanent access to scholarly scientific publications of five commercial publishers, the biggest ones in a worldwide context. Nowadays EV is a service accessed by more than 350.000 users, mostly researchers belonging to nearly 30 middle and south Italy universities and research bodies. Users can browse and search on this platform up to 8 million full text articles from 5.000 e-journals, mainly in Scientific-Technology-Medicine (STM) area. Since 1999 EV service is based on a commercial software called Science Direct, whose main functionalities are articles browsing and articles searching. This software is going to show its limits with such huge amount of searchable articles, especially when search times are concerned. This is why starting from the second half of 2008 CASPUR staff which is managing this digital library has planned a migration from Science Direct search engine, to a new one, chosen in the context of open source software: Lucene from Apache Software Foundation. Nowadays Lucene is used in many web based applications around the world, especially in the field of scientific digital libraries. Concerning EV service, Lucene integration with Science Server environments is going to end in the next few months. Exhaustive tests have been performed using the whole contents, giving really promising results, with a mean search time 10 to 100 shorter than Science Direct search response. This definitively states the choice of Lucene as a good search engine and represent a valid starting point for “Emeroteca Virtuale” whole service renovation
Simulazioni al calcolatore e fisica teorica: evoluzione o rivoluzione?
No full textWe oppose numerical physics, i.e. numerical calculations serving the needs of traditional theoretical physics, to Computer Simulation (with focus on Condensed Matter). The latter is based on the idea that we can solve, by brute computing power, models of matter subjected to the exact laws of physics. In the case of Condensed Matter that amounts to solve the Schroedinger equation or, possibly, justified approximations to it and apply to the mechanical solution so obtained the rules of Statistical Mechanics. By this token Computer Simulation has established itself as the key tool of Theoretical Physics to which it has become constitutive. Let us refer to that as to the modern Theoretical Physics. It is not an exaggeration to say that this process - still now not completely understood by the traditional theoreticians - has been much more a revolution than a simple evolution of the discipline. So much so that today the predictive power of Physics has gone largely beyond its historical boundaries invading (and being in part reshaped by) not only Chemistry and its related disciplines but also Biology, Materials Science etc: from simple fluids to human immune response! The paper presents briefly the fundamental tools of this approach (Monte Carlo, Molecular Dynamics, Ab initio, Path Integrals, etc) and discusses the ingredients of its present success. Special merits go to algorithms and the specific techniques developed in the domain of High Performance Computing. Special credits are due to the computing centres, like CASPUR, which have understood the importance of the field and invested in it
La bioinformatica come strumento per lo studio dell'espressione genica durante lo sviluppo embrionale
No full textRegulation of gene expression during embryogenesis and development is a crucial cluefor a normal anatomy and physiology [1]. The combined use of experimental highthroughputmethods, such as DNA microarrays, and bioinformatic methods has innovatedthe analysis of temporal patterns of gene expression in embryos. Microarray analysis, infact, provides a large amount of data -at molecular level- that once acquired, must befunctionally integrated in order to find common patterns within a defined group of biologicalsamples.Through the use of cDNA microarrays, investigators can measure mRNA [1] levels forthousands of genes simultaneously, rather than one gene at a time. In fact, DNA microarraysare constituted by small glass or filter matrix that contain arrays of DNA sequences(each highly specific to a single gene) and by means hybridization of fluorescentcDNA, they are capable of simultaneously quantifying the expression of thousands ofgenes in a single experiment. The results of these experiments are spots whose brightnessvaries from gene to gene corresponding to the transcriptional activity of the examinedgenes (Fig. 1). This analysis requires sophisticated bioinformatics tool [2]. Aninterestingly application of DNA microarrays is the analysis of mRNA expression (suchas the transcriptome) in embryos. A systematic genomic approach to analyze globalgene expression patterns and functions during embryogenesis has recently been nameddevelopmental genomics or embryogenomics [3].Functional genomics of embryo development requires the integration of informationfrom genome sequence and structure, gene and protein expression, and metabolite profileswith knowledge databases by using computational and bioinformatics tools [1,4]
L'evoluzione dell'offerta formativa del CASPUR per il calcolo scientifico e tecnico ad alte prestazioni
No full textSince 2005, CASPUR has been revamping its activity in the field of High PerformanceComputing (HPC) education. In the beginning, the first edition of a yearly SummerSchool on advanced topics of HPC was organized, during two weeks in the late summer,with the goal to explore subjects like code optimization and code parallelization as wellas to have scientific lectures held by well-known experts in the field. The success ofthe Summer School suggested to us to make an additional effort in education. In 2007four courses on different HPC topics were proposed. Now, having considered the successof the previous years, 11 different courses and a total of more than 15 are planned for2009. About 300 students are expected to follow the 2009 CASPUR HPC education program.For the future, we are working to make CASPUR a valuable centre for high educationon ICT, not only for the typical HPC community but also for all research, servicesand business communities, currently less familiar with HPC. To reach this goal we intendto develop new courses focused on: more technical-scientific integration; security, networkingand other general topics more appealing for the non-scientific users; communitieshaving no straight interest in HPC techniques but that could benefit from them.In addition, we intend to test and implement effective e-learning platforms to extendthe number of possible learners
Il progetto BISMUTH e la partnership con il CASPUR
No full textMultiferroics (for example materials where ferroelectricity and magnetism coexist) arepresently drawing enormous interests, due to their technologically-relevant multifunctionalcharacter and to the astoundingly rich playground for fundamental condensedmatterphysics they constitute. Our project, named BISMUTH and financed as a StartingGrant by the European Research Council, is based on a theoretical and computationalstudy of multiferroics. In particular, several concepts on how to break inversion symmetryand achieve sizable ferroelectricity in magnets are put forward; our approach iscorroborated via first-principles calculations (performed at CASPUR) as tools to quantitativelyestimate relevant ferroelectric and magnetic properties as well as to reveal abinitiothe main mechanisms behind the dipolar and magnetic orders. In closer detail,we focus on the interplay between ferroelectricity and electronic degrees of freedomin magnets, i.e. on those cases where spin- or orbital- or charge-ordering can be thedriving force for a spontaneous polarization to develop. Antiferromagnetism is consideredas a primary mechanism for lifting inversion symmetry; however, the effects ofcharge disproportionation and orbital ordering are also being studied by examining awide class of materials, including ortho-manganites with E-type spin-arrangement,non-E-type antiferromagnets, nickelates, etc. The link between electronic degrees offreedom and ferroelectricity in collinear magnets is an almost totally unexplored fieldby ab-initio methods; indeed, its clear understanding and optimization would lead toa scientific breakthrough in the multiferroics area. Technologically, it would pave theway to materials design of magnetic ferroelectrics with properties persisting at hightemperatures and, therefore, to a novel generation of electrically-controlled spintronicdevices
Le attività della sezione di Roma I dell'INGV all'interno della collaborazione pluriennale con CASPUR: stato dell'arte e prospettive future
No full textThe long term cooperation between Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)and CASPUR is summarized. From the beginning, characterized by a limited number ofresearchers involved in joint activities, to nowadays, when an ever increasing amountof computing time is requested and significant human resources dedicated to differentfields of research within the Institute ask for specialized support from CASPUR. In theend, the article will sketch out a reasonable forecast of the cooperation, emphasizingthe need for common goals, shared international research (EU projects) and High PerformanceComputing oriented training of researchers
Corsi CILEA on-line di programmazione Fortran
No full textThe High performance Computing team together with the E-learning Management and Assistance team are realising on-line lessons about programming and efficiently using the high performance computing platforms. The introduction to Fortran programming lessons are a reality already and several students have already joined them. New in-depth modules are going to be offered soon, so that participants will have the opportunity of learning the most modern and efficient Fortran programming techniques.Il gruppo di Calcolo ad Alte Prestazioni e quello di Assistenza alla Formazione a Distanza del CILEA stanno realizzando corsi di formazione on-line sulla programmazione e l’utilizzo delle piattaforme di calcolo intensivo. Il corso di introduzione al Fortran è già una realtà sperimentata da diversi studenti e presto verranno offerti moduli di approfondimento alla programmazione in Fortran che permetteranno ai sottoscrittori di impadronirsi delle tecniche di programmazione più moderne in questo linguaggio, così importante per generare codici tecnico-scientifici efficienti e affidabili
