Journal of Integrated -OMICS
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VITABOLONICA. NEW DIRECTION IN THE VITAMINOLOGY: DOI: 10.5584/jiomics.v9i1.252
No full textModern studies of enzymovitamins are devoted to the study of the biochemical functions of their metabolically active forms. At the same time, it is not taken into account that in cells and in some cases in one compartment of the cell both the vitamin itself and its anabolites and catabolitesco-exist together.
It seems to us necessary to study the biochemical effect of the joint action of all the metabolites of a particular vitamin that present in the cells. Such a complex of all formed metabolites of individual vitamins, we propose to call vitabolone.
Our studies, conducted with thiamine, riboflavin, and pantothenic vitabolones, have demonstrated that the complexes of metabolites of these vitamins have regulatory properties that are fundamentally different from those of the corresponding vitamins and coenzymes.
Thus, thiamine vitabolone significantly mitigates the activating action of thiamine and TPP on the activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in tissues and prevents the inhibitory effect of thiochrome on this multienzyme complex. Even more significant is the fact that thiamine vitabolone has a regulatoryeffect on certain enzymes, unlike thiamin or its metabolites alone.
Studying the effect of individual metabolites of pantothenic acid and their complex on acetylation activity in tissues, we found that individual metabolites in physiological concentrations do not affect the recorded index, while pantothenic vitabolone exerted a pronounced effect, the direction of which depends on the terms after its introduction.
Riboflavin vitabolone significantly activated succinate dehydrogenase, while riboflavin, FMN and FAD did not have such effect
THE ROLE OF METALLOTHIONEINS IN MAINTENANCE OF ZINC HOMEOSTASIS AND REDOX STATE IN ERYTHROCYTES OF CARDIOLOGIC PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME: DOI: 10.5584/jiomics.v9i1.260
No full textThe comparative analysis of the intracellular labile zinc pool, level of the reduced glutathione and cystein-rich proteins metallothioneins taking into account the viability of erythrocytes of patients with diagnosed components of the metabolic syndrome (presence of an arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus type 2) with coronary heart disease is conducted. Fluorescent probes (FluoZin-3-AM and Calcein-AM), Ellman’s reagent and monoclonal antibody (anti-metallothionein UC1MT) have used for this. The received results demonstrate an important role of zinc homeostasis (decreasing of cytosolic Zn2+ level) in the etiopathogenesis of diabetes mellitus type 2 and in the development of metabolic syndrome in general. Increasing of metallothioneins expression and significant decrease of the reduced glutathione level in erythrocytes of testing patients indicate about functioning of the first as an additional antioxidants in human erythrocytes defense system under this pathology
Pre and post analytical pitfalls of new biomarkers predicting acute kidney injury. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and cell cycle arrest proteins variability in urinary testing: DOI: 10.5584/jiomics.v10i2.321
No full textIntroduction. In the last years, many improvements were made to know better in laboratory medicine the total testing process (TTP) including the pre and post analytical phases. To date, however, laboratory common protocols do not extensively applied for the routine testing. Issue is worse for new potential biomarkers in clinical practice owing to timeliness of market entry and the urgent need to adopt new diagnostic tools. Our work conducted to investigate diagnostic pitfalls of new acute kidney injury (AKI) biomarkers with specific observations on the pre/post analytical features of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2▪insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (TIMP-2)▪(IGFBP-7). Material and Methods. We analysed from previous two studies the urinary samples collected in intensive care unit (ICU) from an adult population undergoing cardiac surgery. Diagnostic accuracy of NGAL and (TIMP-2)▪(IGFBP-7) was determined on urinary samples. For NGAL biomarker the evaluation of two consecutive testing results was introduced. We performed measurements using a chemiluminescent method on an automatic analytical platform and a point of care testing (POCT) Nephrocheck meter. Analysis of biochemical results was performed without and with the urine creatinine (uCrea) correction. Furthermore, a method to calculate the mean variation rate was applied for different biomarker concentrations using differential equations. Results. A received operating curve for predicting AKI was obtained with AUC value= 0.66 corresponding to the better cut-off= 29 ng/mL (p=0.016). A significant association between the NGAL increase and AKI severity was achieved (p=0.02). NGAL increases showed: NGAL pre=18.3 (7.7-23.7) ng/mL, NGAL post= 19.2 (3.8-86) ng/mL median (interquartile range) statistically not significant. Analyzing the corresponded urinary creatinine (N=41), we highlighted that 38/41 had uCrea≤ 50mg/dL suggesting a possible dilution of patient samples collected. Nephrocheck AKI score cut-off=0.3, used in clinical studies, does not evaluate biomarker increase pre/post-surgery. Correction with the urinary creatinine does not have added significant outcomes. However, measure unit of (TIMP-2)▪(IGFBP-7) expressed as AKI score (ng/mL)2/1000 introduces a variation due to the amplification of TTP errors. Differential equations applied to Nephrocheck test results demonstrated a mean variation rate that rises as the biomarker concentration increases. Conclusions: NGAL results on urinary testing had a poor diagnostic accuracy probably due to pre-analytical variability in ICU critical patients. Pre and Post-analytical variability affected Nephrocheck results as suggested by the non-linear expression of measurements. In addition, the too tight and low AKI score reference range (0.02-0.3) may determine possible overlap between different patient groups
The importance of a specific medical-legal training for health care professionals in the management of sexual assault victims: DOI: 10.5584/jiomics.v10i2.335
No full textThe World International Organization (WHO) defines sexual violence as “any sexual act, attempt to obtain a sexual act, unwanted sexual comments or advances, or acts to traffic, or otherwise directed, against a person’s sexuality using coercion, by any person regardless of their relationship to the victim, in any setting, including but not limited to home and work”. This definition includes a very wide range of behaviors. According to the Italian National Statistical Institute (ISTAT), the 31.5% of Italian women are estimated to have been victims of physical or sexual violence during their lifetime. Given the acute nature of sexual assault, emergency medicine providers are the first clinicians to take care of the victim, and care of such patients differs from care of those presenting other kind of trauma and injuries. Healthcare professionals treating victims of sexual assault admitted to Emergency Departments (ED) need to deal not only with clinical priorities, but also with the emotional suffering and anguish characterizing the experience of this type of patients. Furthermore, they can effectively assist the victims in their medical-legal proceedings by documenting injuries and by collecting biological evidence for forensic purposes. In order to avoid discrepancies between the medical report and the reconstruction of the event, it is essential to set up strategies which focus on the technical aspect of evidence collection and on the way the victim’s story shall be recorded. Sometimes, indeed, informations collected from the victim in the ED are still inadequate or incomplete to determine how the case event should be reconstructed. Such efforts could lead to a better management of sexual assault victims and to a strengthened legal impact of forensic evidences and of the crime reconstruction. For this reason, it is necessary for health structures: to define specific pathways for the victim’s management; to adopt homogeneous operational protocols which allow a standardization in the methods of collection and preservation of biological material for forensic-genetic analyses; finally, to provide an adequate forensic training for health personnel in order to ensure that they are competent in the medical reporting and in documenting evidences of the sexual assault. From a forensic point of view this could be crucial, as medical documentation may be used in court
SPECIAL ISSUE: SELECTED ABSTRACTS OF OF THE IV INTERNATIONAL CAPARICA CONFERENCE IN SPLICING (SPLICING 2021) and OF THE VII INTERNATIONAL CAPARICA CONFERENCE ON ANALYTICAL PROTEOMICS (ICAP 2021)
No full textSPECIAL ISSUE: SELECTED ABSTRACTS OF OF THE IV INTERNATIONAL CAPARICA CONFERENCE IN SPLICING (SPLICING 2021) and OF THE VII INTERNATIONAL CAPARICA CONFERENCE ON ANALYTICAL PROTEOMICS (ICAP 2021
Proteomic analysis of nitrogen stress-responsive proteins in two rice cultivars differing in N utilization efficiency: DOI: 10.5584/jiomics.v1i1.22
No full textPlant nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUE) has become critical important in modern agriculture, not only for crop growth and yield but also for reducing production cost. Moreover, one of the major negative environmental impacts of agricultural activities is associated with excessive nitrogen application. Improving NUE will ensure lower level of N fertilizer usage thus reduce environmental contamination. In order to understand the NUE mechanism of rice, the largest food crop in the world, a systematic proteomic study of investigating the nitrogen stress-responsive proteins in two rice cultivars differing in NUE is conducted. Four leaf-old seedlings were treated with normal nutrition solution and N-free solution for 12 h, 3 d and 7 d. Total proteins of leaves were extracted and separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Although more than 1000 protein spots were reproducibly detected, only a very small proportion of spots showed differential expression, including 10 and 24 up-regulated, 2 and 12 down-regulated in the two cultivars Chunyou 58 and Yongyou 6, respectively. This indicates that relatively simply biochemical pathways maybe involved with NUE thus the NUE as a trait maybe efficiently manipulated. Mass spectrometry based peptide mass fingerprinting (PMF) procedure identified 31 protein spots. Six stress-induced proteins were found, including DegP2, harpin binding proteins, Heat shock-related proteins, glutathione S-transferase GSTF14, Fibrillin-like protein and Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Apart from the stress related proteins, the other differential proteins identified were mainly these involved in the regulation of the main leaf biological function, photosynthesis metabolism, such as Rubisco activase, RuBisCo large subunit, etc. The study also detected two novel proteins, harpin binding protein and oryzains gamma precursor. The current study reveals new insights into N stress response and theoretical bases for improving NUE of rice crop
Infant gut microbial colonization and health: recent findings from metagenomics studies: DOI: 10.5584/jiomics.v2i1.76
No full textNew DNA sequencing technologies have emerged in the last decade enabling in-depth study of human gut microbiota. The bacterial communities inhabiting the gut inBuence our immune development and maturation with consequences for general health. However, the balance between host and bacterial community is a5ected by changes in lifestyle. Increasing rates of caesarean delivery, formula-feeding, antibiotic treatments, high fat diet, urbanization and hygiene have led to important changes in the colonization of the gut microbiota. Emergent diseases and conditions including asthma, allergies, autoimmunity, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), obesity and type I diabetes may be related to modifications in the microbiota. In this review we focus on studies related to early bacterial colonization of the gut, and how the evolution of gut microbiota during the :rst years of life may lead to new perspectives on the treatment of these diseases. Diet complementation with preor probiotics in formula or replacement of a disease associated-microbiota with a healthy one are currently the most studied approaches in the treatment of microbiota-related disorders. Bacteriophages may provide an alternative means for manipulating gut bacterial communities. However, the question is whether we can alter infant gut microbiota without any risk to health. High-throughput sequencing (HTS) techniques give access to the composition of the gut microbiome, and its evolution over time or in response to di5erent circumstances. This review discusses these techniques, evaluates the impact of microbiome composition on infant development and outlines possible improvements in health care based on this knowledge
Special Issue: Book of Abstracts URINOMICS 2017: DOI: 10.5584/jiomics.v7i2.213
No full textSPECIAL ISSUE: SELECTED ABSTRACTS OF THE III INTERNATIONAL CAPARICA CONFERENCE ON URINE OMICS AND NEPHROMICS (URINOMICS 2017)
FLIPBOOK VERSION - http://books.bioscopegroup.org/books/lzew