Journal of Integrated -OMICS
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Use of Optical Coherence Tomography on detection of postmortem Ocular findings: pilot data from two cases: DOI: 10.5584/jiomics.v8i1.226
No full textPURPOSE: The aim of this study was to describe by means of a portable Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) the postmortem ocular findings in two cases of forensic interest.
CASE 1. A 41-year-old Caucasian man, dead from a gunshot in the head, was found inside his car. Time of death was precisely assessed from the testimony of eye witnesses. The body was transported at the Morgue of Medico-Legal Institute at the University of Cagliari for autopsy. OCT scans of cornea, anterior chamber and retina were performed at the 6th, 12th and 24th hour postmortem without change eyelid opening status. Corneal examination showed a progressive tendency of tissue to thickening. From a morphological point of view, we also observed a progressive formation of waves in the posterior stroma and in the endothelium [we decided to call this phenomenon, described by our group for first time, Nioi-Napoli sign (NN sign)]. An ongoing modification in reflectivity between anterior (hyperreflective) and posterior (hypo-reflective) segment of the corneal stroma was detecetd and a progressive decrease in amplitude of anterior chamber, mainly related to changes in tissue curvature. The retinal tissue showed since the first scan an increasing trend of retinal oedema togheter with a diffuse vasal depletion. It was also detachable the formation of a scleral tache noir.
CASE 2. A 42-year-old woman, dead from myocardial infarction, underwent an autopsy at the Medico-Legal Institute at University of Cagliari (as suspected case of medical malpractice). Exact time of death was deduced by certificate of death drawn up by the emergency medical team. Scans of cornea, retina and anterior chamber were executed at the 24th, 36th and 48th hour postmortem. From the first scan an enhancement of corneal thickness, if compared to the physiological in vivo ranges, was detected; a change in corneal curvature was observed while no images form the retinal tissue was achieved. Late scans evidenced a progressive corneal endothelial exfoliation, and an enhancement of posterior stroma waving. CONCLUSION Portable OCT may be an useful device to observe and to record postmortem ocular changes.1,2,3 Its use could represent an important tool to study the early and the late modification of ocular tissues, with a special interest in the forensic scenario as post mortem interval estimation (PMI estimation) and in ophthalmology (viability of cornea for transplantation purposes)
Special Issue: Book of Abstracts LEISHMANIASIS 2018: DOI: 10.5584/jiomics.v8i3.270
No full textSPECIAL ISSUE:SELECTED ABSTRACTS OF THE I INTERNATIONAL CAPARICA CONFERENCE ON LEISHMANIASIS (LEISHMANIASIS 2018
THIAMINASE IS PRESENT IN THE BRAIN OF MAMMALS: DOI: 10.5584/jiomics.v9i1.272
No full textThe presence of the thiaminase process in the brain of rabbits and bulls has been established. Most intensively this process takes place in the pituitary gland. Production of adrenocorticotropic hormone is significantly reduced as a result of the formation of 4-methyl-5β-oxyethylthiazole in this part of the brain
Combining detection and reconstruction of correlational and periodic motifs in viral genomic sequences with transitional genome mapping: Application to COVID-19
Full text linkA method of Transitional Automorphic Mapping of the Genome on Itself (TAMGI) is aimed at combining detection and reconstruction of correlational and quasi-periodic motifs in the viral genomic RNA/DNA sequences. The motifs reconstructed by TAMGI are robust with respect to indels and point mutations and can be tried as putative therapeutic targets. We developed and tested the relevant theory and statistical criteria for TAMGI applications. The applications of TAMGI are illustrated by the study of motifs in the genomes of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 (the latter coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 being responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic) packaged within filament-like helical capsid. Such ribonucleocapsid is transported into spherical membrane envelope with incorporated spike glycoproteins. Two other examples concern the genomes of viruses with icosahedral capsids, satellite tobacco mosaic virus (STMV) and bacteriophage PHIX174. A part of the quasi-periodic motifs in these viral genomes was evolved due to weakly specific cooperative interaction between genomic ssRNA/ssDNA and nucleocapsid proteins. The symmetry of the capsids leads to the natural selection of specific quasi-periodic motifs in the related genomic sequences. Generally, TAMGI provides a convenient tool for the study of numerous molecular mechanisms with participation of both quasi-periodic motifs and complete repeats, the genome organization, contextual analysis of cis/trans regulatory elements, data mining, and correlations in the genomic sequences
Identification of spore specific allergen candidates from Penicillium chrysogenum: DOI: 10.5584/jiomics.v1i2.75
No full textBackground: The common indoor mould Penicillium chrysogenum is reported to be associated with respiratory diseases and allergic asthma. Beside the already known specific allergens stemming from mixtures of hyphae and spores the question was which allergens are specifically abundant in the airborne spores.
Methods: Serum samples of 50 patients with allergic symptoms were screened for a positive reaction with spore proteins using 1D immunoblotting. The sera of 10 patients with different immunopositive patterns in the 1D blots were selected for 2D westernblotting and IgE reactive proteins were identified by mass spectrometry.
Results: 29 proteins specifically interacting with IgE from sera were indentified. 5 of them showed a frequency higher than 50% and were identified as Glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, Catalase A, delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate isomerase and transaldolase. The vacuolar serine protease, known as the major allergen Pen ch 18, was identified in 3 cases.
Conclusions: Beside the confirmation of known allergens like Pen ch 18 new, spore specific IgE binding potential allergens were identified. The differentiation into hyphae and spore specific allergens might be helpful for a more specified diagnosis and to differentiate the source of exposure leading to sensitization
The effect of Zn2+ on prostatic cell cytotoxicity caused by Trichomonas vaginalis: DOI: 10.5584/jiomics.v1i2.56
No full textOur investigation focused on the study of the proteome, morphology, and cytotoxicity of T. vaginalis during interactions with prostatic DU-145 cells. The results suggest that approximately 37 different proteins are expressed in the presence of Zn2+, which also down-regulates the protein and transcriptional levels of TvCP65. The result is a negative effect on trichomonal cytotoxicity. The differentially expressed proteins were identified by mass spectrometry analysis
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells activation revealed by quantitative phosphoproteomics analysis: DOI: 10.5584/jiomics.v3i1.126
No full textVascular smooth-muscle cells (VSMCs) are the main components of the artery medial layer and if activated by growth factors (such as PDGF-BB) as a consequence of vessel injuries, acquire the ability to proliferate and migrate contributing to the formation of neointima. In the early times of VSMC stimulation a cascade of kinases and phosphatases initiates phospho-events that are decisive for VSMC activation, which terminates with a reorganization of the cell structure. In this work, a shotgun proteomics approach aimed at disclosing factors involved in these phenotypically imperceptible, but significant events has been applied. A SILAC approach in a multi-strategy combined method for phosphopeptides enrichment was used, in order to gain insights into the phosphomodulation of VSMC proteome stimulated by PDGF-BB.
We performed a quantitative SILAC phosphoproteome analysis on primary VSMC cells which allowed the identification of 1300 phosphopeptides among which 47 resulted novel phosphosites. Moreover, in VSMC signaling events, some important factors involved in cytoskeleton remodeling, focal adhesions, gap junction assembly and cell activation have been found differentially phosphorylated, highlighting their pivotal role in early VSMC reorganization and suggesting a novel starting point to assess the precise actors of VSMC activation and their roles
