Journal of Business and Management
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Financial Health Evaluation of PT Pegadaian before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic
No full textAbstract. PT Pegadaian is a non-bank financial institution that has significance to the economy of the middle class and Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) through its pawn services. As part of a State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs), PT Pegadaian\u27s performance is not only assessed by its business achievements but also through its success in helping the government empower society\u27s economy, especially in times of crisis such as the current COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, there should be a proper form of evaluation regarding the financial health of PT Pegadaian to ensure the company\u27s sustainability. The government has set guidelines for assessing the financial health of SOEs through the Minister of State-Owned Enterprises Decree Number KEP-100/MBU/2002 concerning Assessment of the Health Level of State-Owned Enterprises. This paper intends to evaluate the financial health of PT Pegadaian from 2017 to 2021 based on the aforementioned guidelines as well as several complementary financial indicators to compare and analyze the financial health of PT Pegadaian before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper uses descriptive quantitative methods to explain a number of findings using mathematical operations. This paper is expected to provide adequate understanding to various stakeholders regarding the financial condition of PT Pegadaian, especially about how the company is tackling the COVID-19 pandemic crisis and its ability to keep carrying out its strategic role in serving the society after the pandemic era. This paper found that even though the pandemic had no impact on the company’s health classifications, the company’s total weighted scores were severely deteriorating in the two years of the pandemic. The most contributing factor leading to the conditions was, in fact, the management\u27s anticipatory decision to increase the allowance for impairment losses significantly, which proved to suppress the company’s net income. Thus, it is hoped that stakeholders can take the right attitude and course of action regarding the company in the future.Keywords: PT Pegadaian, COVID-19 Pandemic, Financial Health, SOE, MSME
Role of the Digital Economy and Its Impact on Indonesia's Economic Growth
No full textEconomic digitization brings various changes, with the digital economy at least providing many benefits, therefore, digital economic transformation should be used as an alternative solution as an engine of new economic growth. This study examines the real role of the digital economy and economic growth in Indonesia. The regression model was applied to a data panel covering four variables from 2016 to 2021. The ordinary least square model showed a better and more based estimate than the one adjusted for this study. In addition, the digital economy variable in this study has a positive impact on economic growth in Indonesia, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. This evidence implies that the digital economy has a positive and significant impact on economic growth in Indonesia.Keywords: Economic growth, digital economy, GD
The Influence of Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure to Financial Performance on Islamic Banking in Indonesia
No full textThe practice of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) becomes a substantial matter for Islamic banking concerning their moral obligations. Hence, the practice of CSR Disclosure (CSRD) becomes notable to convince all parties that they truly conduct CSR activities. To see how efficiently a company runs its business, financial performance (FP) is prominent, especially the profitability section. This study aims to examine the influence of CSRD on financial profitability performance in Islamic banking from 2016-2020 with 10 samples Islamic banks in Indonesia. By adopting the CSRD index from a previous study which developed a comprehensive CSRD index and using multiple regression analysis on CSRD index as the independent variable, Non-Performing Financing (NPF), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), and Bank Size as the control variables, also Return on Assets (ROA) as the dependent variable. This study revealed that CSRD has a positive relationship but does not significantly influence financial profitability performance. However, to increase profitability, Islamic banks in Indonesia suggested conducting CSR practices focusing on Legal, Economic, and Philanthropic dimensions. Meanwhile, the Environment and Ethical dimensions need to be adjusted to influence the profitability of a bank.Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility, Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure, Financial Performance, Profitability, Islamic Banking, Indonesi
Factors Impacting The Final-Year Students’ Perceived Stress During Pandemic: SBM-ITB Students\u27 Thesis Progress
No full textSome studies in Indonesia have proven that many students are stressed and even experience severe stress while writing a thesis. During the COVID-19 pandemic, students\u27 stress while writing a thesis is exacerbated due to the changing learning system. However, no study at the SBM-ITB explores students\u27 stress levels while writing a thesis, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The leading cause of the stress they experience has also never been proven. In this study, the researcher investigates the SBM-ITB final-year students\u27 stress levels while writing a thesis during this pandemic and identifies the source of their stress (stressors). Using 67 samples through the PSS-10 questionnaire, most SBM-ITB final-year students reported being under moderate to severe stress. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the 10 respondents that were at least under moderate stress. By using thematic analysis, the interview data results show four stressors significantly affect students\u27 stress: Relationship, Time Management/Workload, Financial, and Academic. Through the FGD, the researcher validated the interview data results and discovered Time Management/ Workload is the leading stressor affecting students\u27 stress. Four stressors adversely impact the students, leading them to delay their thesis progress. The students claimed that the pandemic situations influenced all stressors they experienced.
Analyzing Factors Influencing Consumer Purchase Behavior of Generation Z toward Second-Hand Apparel in Indonesia
No full textSecond hand apparel has become a trend that gradually increases in the development of the fashion industry. Generation Z as target customers have intrinsic and extrinsic motivation that drive their purchase behavior for a product. Understanding the motivations behind second-hand clothing consumption can assist in building marketing expertise in the fashion business, since generation Z will have tremendous buying power in the next few years. This study was conducted to achieve competitiveness from this big opportunity and comprehend the most influential factors (attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and physical vanity aspect) that shape and encourage purchase behavior, by combining the theory of planned behavior and physical of vanity. The author employs Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using Smart-PLS to evaluate data from 327 online survey respondents. The subjective norm found as the most significant factor of purchase intention, followed by attitude and perceived behavioral control. Moreover, perceived physical vanity influences purchase behavior. Younger consumers are more influenced by their external motive to buy secondhand clothing. This data may help marketers enhance their marketing strategies by highlighting social values, such as social acceptability, which influences generation Z\u27s purchase behavior for second hand clothing
Employee Performance during Covid 19 Pandemic: MARS Model Approach
No full textAbstract. Covid-19 Pandemic caused the disruption of employee behaviour. This research aims to analyze the MARS condition of BRI employee during pandemic and how it affects employee performance. MARS is a model that explains and elaborate an individual behaviour as a result of internal and external factors (McShane and Von Glinow, 2010). It consists of four factors which are motivation, ability, role perceptions, and situational factors. By using the 39 indicators to measure the correlation between MARS model and employee performance, this research gathers 135 sample of BRI employees. The result shows each condition of the variables, motivation (4.152), ability (3.788), role of perception (3.901), situational factors (3.941) and performance (3.985). All of the independent variables affect performance positively while the T-statistic value shows that the motivation (3.933), role of perception (2.459), and situational factors (2.606) affects performance significantly, but the ability (0.404) affects performance insignificantly. As an organization, BRI needs to know what drives employee performance the most during this situation based on MARS model, that is motivation. BRI could start to increasing the variables with following priorities motivation, situational factors, role of perception, and ability.Keywords: Motivation, Ability, Role of Perception, Situational Factors, Performance, Pandemic, Bank, MARS Mode
The Impact of Intellectual Capital On The Soundness Of Islamic Banks In Indonesia
No full textAbstract. Knowledge-based business is needed to gain and maintain a firm\u27s competitive advantage by enhancing its innovation, information, and human knowledge, thereby creating value-added for the firm. This study examines the three components of Intellectual Capital, namely Capital Employed Efficiency (VACA), Human Capital Efficiency (VAHU), and Structural Capital Efficiency (STVA), and whether they impact the soundness of Islamic banking as measured by the RGEC (risk profile, good corporate governance, earnings, and capital) rating method. The RGEC rating method was measured by composite rating from NPF, FDR, GCG, ROA, ROE, OEOI, and CAR The data were obtained from 11 Islamic banks registered with the OJK for six periods from 2015 – 2020 with 66 banking annual financial reports. This study uses panel data regression analysis with the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) using STATA 17.0 software. The results of this study indicate that STVA has a negative impact on the soundness of Islamic banks in Indonesia. Meanwhile, VACA and VAHU do not impact the soundness of Islamic banks in Indonesia.Keywords: Intellectual Capital, VACA, VAHU, STVA, RGE
Analyzing the Perception of Generation Z in North Sulawesi Towards China’s Belt Road Initiative
No full textThe Belt and Road Initiative is a project founded by Chinese President Xi Jinping in 2013. The Belt and Road Initiative is a mega project that is being run by China together with its participating countries, one of which is Indonesia. The Belt and Road Initiative provides infrastructure investment for participating countries. This can be categorized as an opportunity and brings good optimism to participants because it can encourage economic growth. However, it turns out that there are several factors that cause differences in perceptions, possibilities of success, and opportunities from BRI. This study aims to determine the perception of Generation Z in North Sulawesi towards Belt Road Initiatives. The study was conducted using quantitative research where data were collected through online questionnaire distribution in North Sulawesi and analyzed using exploratory factor analysis. The results showed that there were differences in perceptions of BRI, namely positive (Optimism) and negative (Anxiety). There are 6 factors that have been successfully generated. The findings of this study are expected to increase the knowledge of both BRI and participating countries to maximize benefits.Keywords: Anxiety, Belt Road Initiatives, Optimism, Perceptio
Business Plan of Laveena
No full textClothing has become a basic human need. As a country with a majority Muslim population, Muslim fashion in Indonesia is growing rapidly. Muslim fashion products are in great demand by the Indonesian population.Laveena as a clothing fashion brand in Indonesia that focused on Muslim markets certainly has a great opportunity. During its business journey since 2021, Laveena has managed to sell hundreds of products and ship to more than 500 customers to more than 20 province all over Indonesia. There are obstacles appear and lead to an impact on sales performance. To maintain business and increase sales, Laveena must develop a business strategy. On the marketing aspect, a new strategy is made based on the results of marketing research. Laveena will focus on social media marketing activities maximizing Instagram @laveena.co which has chosen more than 16K followers to influence customer purchase intentions for Laveena products. Laveena also made changes to the production plan, switching from working with a third party as a production vendor to becoming an own production system. Laveena will recruit employees to be able to carry out all business activities professionally.The business plan will use Rp52.800.000 as the initial capital, this fund is coming from Laveena investment and business activities profit in 2021. By implementing this business strategy Laveena is expected to earn Rp52.000.000/month as gross profit and Rp42.000.000/month as net profit at the end of 2022.Keywords: Laveena; Business Plan; Social Media Marketing Activitie
Impact Of Social Interaction Constructs on User Engagement On Linkedin As A Social Media Platform For Undergraduate Students In Indonesia
No full textIn recent years, social media has shifted from exclusively personal use to platforms that recruiters and companies alike frequent in order to establish work connections and find potential hires. As such, LinkedIn, a professional social media platform, holds promise as a tool to actively improve the opportunity for younger users (i.e.: undergraduate/undergraduate-adjacent individuals) in Indonesia to obtain jobs and build professional connections. However, as of current the appeal of LinkedIn for this target demographic is limited. This research aims to determine what factors impact user engagement on LinkedIn, the factors being adapted from Di Ganggi & Wasko (2016)’s social media engagement theory. The factors tested include personalization, social accessibility, perceived risk, and transparency. The dataset for the research was obtained via online questionnaire, distributed via convenience sampling to the target demographic of undergraduate/undergraduate-adjacent LinkedIn users. A total of 126 respondents filled out the questionnaire, with 124 entries having been deemed valid. The resulting entries were then processed through PLS-SEM for data analysis via SMART PLS. The results indicate that while personalization and social accessibility have a positive correlation with the level of user engagement on LinkedIn, no significant correlation exists between perceived risk, transparency, and the level of user engagement.