Journal of Business and Management
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The Study of Scent Association And Preference Among Youth In Bandung
Get PDFAbstract. Olfactory stimuli, also known as sense of smell, is the part of sensory system that is used for smelling. Scent is the pleasant odor captured by human olfactory system. It is known to add value by the use of fragrance on products. The use of scent by fragrance have been practiced in many industries. Fast moving consumer goods is one of the industry which product uses lot of scents, namely personal care. Product scent is being put into consideration when it comes to choosing personal care product. It is the main purchase driver of personal care product. In order to distinguish itself with others and offer unique selling point, the product must be different and easy to be remembered. This is where perception plays important role by creating cluster of association held in consumer’s mind that is stored in memory. These associations will help marketer to understand the consumer better in order to create a targeted marketing for certain potential market and to generate a scent profile that may be useful for product development. In order to be a favorable scent, it has to be pleasant. However, there has not been any research about whether a pleasant, likeable scent makes consumer want to buy the product. There has not been many research about scent which is why this research will contribute to begin bridging the gap in the real world and the actual association held in consumer’s mind and to find out the relationship between scent likeability and product preference. Therefore, this research was conducted using 5 samples of liquid soap to represent personal care product due to its high intensity of fragrance survey to 101 male and female aged 15-24 years old in Bandung who are divided into two groups based on their age (15-19 years old as teenagers and 20-24 years old as early adult). The respondents were asked to smell the soap first before they fill in the survey. The sample of soap being used are cool, fantasy, fresh, gourmand, and fruit scent. The type of association being asked are personality (symbolic), object, and emotion. The result of this research shows the association of each scent although the result shows little to no difference between two age groups. Charming is the personality that is associated across all scents that are natural based, though fresh does not have any strong personality association to it. These scents generally bring pleasant emotion. The objects associated with the scent come mostly from the item with similar scent to it, object of respondents surrounding, and the source of scent itself These associations help to create scent profile. The relationship between scent likeability and product preference is positive, which means if the scent is liked by consumer then it is also more preferred by consumer.Keywords: olfactory stimuli, scent, association, preferenc
Television Advertisement Comparative Analysis: The Use of Songs from Hot 100 Billboard Chart and Non-Hot 100 Billboard Chart
Get PDFAbstract.The research is purposed to compare the cognitive component of attitude towards the advertising music in television advertisement. One advertisement uses song that had ever been in Hot 100 Billboard Chart as popular music while the another one uses song that had never been in Hot 100 Billboard Chart as non-popular music. The research takes review from a model of consumer response towards advertising music, approaches in television advertising, and popular music definition. The research scope is for Jakarta citizens aged 15 to 24 years old, uses copyrighted music as foreground, uses product-as-star approach, and the advertisement should be aired from March to June 2016. From the scopes mentioned above, two advertisements are selected to be treated as object in this research. The first one is Mizone advertisement that uses Dessert song by Dawin which had ever been in Hot 100 Billboard Chart. The second one is Close-up advertisement that uses Addicted to You song by Avicii which had never been in Hot 100 Billboard Chart. The data is gathered from quantitative research through online questionnaire and qualitative research from interview with expert. The data is analyzed through descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney test. The result shows that using song that had ever been in Hot 100 Billboard Chart receives more favorable cognitive attitude towards advertising music, with significant difference (Sig. Value < 0.05) in level and persistence of attention to music, depth of processing to music, and remembered features of music available for association. This is in line with statement from interviewee that considers music popularity as a way to gain quick attention from audiences. Then, this research recommends practical implication for music producers to use songs from Hot 100 Billboard Chart, consider its relevancy, and also consider the airing period of an advertisement.Keywords : Television advertisement, cognitive component of attitude towards the advertising music, popular music, Hot 100 Billboard Char
ABC Classification Analysis to Overcome the Overstock Problem at PT. Nutricia Indonesia Sejahtera
No full textAbstract.The research is done based on the PT. Nutricia Indonesia Sejahtera, a company that produces a formula milk located in Ciracas, Jakarta Timur. Nowdays, formula milk has become a complementary nutrition in the community and even as a substitute for ASI (Air Susu Ibu). PT. Nutricia Indonesia Sejahtera produces milk that is not only for the baby but also pregnant women and toddler. Since we know that the formula milk is really needed for all people, knowing the amount of inventory level is a must for company. The company experienced some problems related to the inventory management. This research will be analyse about the stock policy in the PT. Nutricia Indonesia Sejahtera. The company has a problem with an overstock problem for the raw material in the inventory. The objectives of this research is overcome the overstock problem in the warehouse and minimize the cost production in order to provide solutions to the company issues. In this research the author focus on the local and import raw material data products, the methods that will be used in this research is using Cycle Counting and ABC Classification Analysis. In the other hand, this research also provide the comparison between company and author calculation in order to compare which methods that gives advantages to the company. The calculation for this research will involve Safety Stock, Re-order Point, Economic order quantity, Average Inventory Level in Rupiah and ABC Classification Analysis. In the ABC Classification analysis, the author also provide how to maintain the product by each classification.Analysis will give an advantages for the company such as overcome the overstock problem in the inventory and minimize the cost that have to be spend in one month. The author calculation and analysis is for import and local product. After calculate the data using Cycle Counting method, the author also calculate the ABC Classification Analysis to separate which product that is need more attention and maintenance. Knowing each classification by using ABC Classification will also reduce the cost that have to spend in one month, because the company will know which the product that has an expensive cost and lower cost, the author also provide how to keep the quality of each raw material based on their classification.Keywords : PT. Nutricia Indonesia Sejahtera, Overstock, Inventory, Economic Order Quantity
Efficiency of Islamic Banking Compared to Conventional Banking: Evidence from Indonesia Banking Sector
Get PDFAbstract - Islamic banks today have rapid growth around the world. According to Solé (2007), Islamic banks exist not only in the countries that have a majority Muslim population, but also countries where Muslim are not predominant. From Indonesian Banking Statistics data in 2004-2013, Islamic banks have higher LDR than conventional banks. The main issue in this research is whether Islamic banks can maintain their efficiency while they increasing their performance. The hypothesis of this research is the efficiency of Islamic banking is higher and statistically significantly different from conventional banking. This research uses output-oriented VRS DEA model with asset approach to measure efficiency. Then, Mann-Whitney test used to compare the DEA results since the results show non-parametric data. Lastly, Spearman’s correlation will be applied in order to analyze the relationship between loans to deposit ratio with the efficiency of both types of the bank. The DEA and Mann-Whitney test results prove that Islamic banking is significantly different and more efficient than conventional banks in the period of 2004-2013. It proved by DEA results in 2005, 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2013. In these years, Islamic banks are statistically significant more efficient than conventional banks. Then this result was supported by single-multi year efficiency that proved that Islamic banks are significantly different and more efficient than conventional banks. The Spearman’s correlation findings identifies there is significant correlation between LDR and efficiency of both types of bank at significance level 0.01. The Spearman’s correlation coefficient is 0.293, which means there is a weak relationship between LDR and efficiency of both types of the bank. This research’s results can be used as consideration for the government to assign Islamic banks to support real sector since Islamic banks allocate most of their fund to financing (lending) products. Furthermore, intermediary and production approach can be considered to apply in the future research to get better insight. The lack of explanation why Islamic banking is significantly different and more efficient than conventional banking can be a topic of the future research. Keywords: asset approach, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), efficiency, Islamic bank
A Comparative Efficiency Analysis of Islamic and Non Islamic Bank in Indonesia Using Financial Ratios
Get PDFAbstract - Islamic Bank grow all over the world, with first existence of Islamic bank in Middle East in 1970s and continue to grow. According to Islamic Financial Services Board 2015, the industry’s assets are estimated to be worth USD1.87 trillion as at 2014 and total Islamic Banking asset worldwide is estimated to be worth USD 1.47 trillion as at 2014. The first sign of Indonesia Islamic Banking begin appeared in 1992 which is Bank Muamalat Indonesia and continue to develop. As the Banking Industry in Indonesia keep growing, the Bank have to maintain their efficiency performance. This research aims to find out the difference between Non Islamic and Islamic performance in term of efficiency using financial ratios. The data used in this research are balance sheet and income statement Non Islamic, Islamic Business Unit, and Islamic Bank in Indonesia that are available during period 2004 – 2014. The total observation in this research is 1537 bank-year. Method used in this research are computation with financial ratios, descriptive statistic, and Mann-Whitney Test. The results from the descriptive analysis mean value of each ratios, Islamic Bank efficiency performance shows that in early years of this study were not as good as Non Islamic Bank. The result of this study can be used by Islamic Bank management to give empirical evidence to the public that efficiency of Islamic Bank can come up and compete with Non Islamic Bank. Hopefully, it can increase the market share in Indonesia. Keywords: Islamic banking, banking Industry, financial ratios, efficiency
Exploring Issues Regarding Fish Consumption by College Students in Bandung
Get PDFAbstract. Social marketing campaign is a method of using marketing concept that used by some institutions such as governments and companies with the goals of changing the behavior. Lots of social marketing campaign have been successfully implemented, especially in the health field such as Social HIV prevention campaign, smoke free, diet for health and etc, The first step to construct social marketing campaign is “Exploring Behavior of Target Audienceâ€. In this research, the researcher will analyze the behavior of the college students towards consumption of fish dishes .The basic problem of this study is the low level of fish consumption of college students in West java , especially Bandung, which is inversely proportional to the high rate of fish production in West Java. The analysis in this study is based on two concepts, first is marketing mix 4P\u27s that used in social marketing campaign and the second is consumer decision making process. Using these two approaches, the researcher can describe the characteristics of college student behavior in consuming fish dishes in Bandung. The reserarch result becomes the recommendation for government program “GEMARIKAN†as social marketing campaign strategy to increase fish consumption rate of college students in Bandung. The researcher used descriptive analysis in this research, 100 questionnaires had been distributed to college students in Bandung. The scope of the area only focus in Bandung, and the time of execution started from the beginning of June 2015 until the beginning of August 2015. Overall the results are family is the best influencer that affect college students to consume fish dishes, Instagram is a very effective media used in this campaign, and this program needs cooperation with the café or restaurant that was always visited by college students.  Keywords: Social Marketing Campaign, Marketing mix 4P,Consumer decision making rules, College Student, Descriptive Analysis, GEMARIKAN
Feasibility Study Downstream Facility for Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) Project of PT. Biofarma
Get PDFAbstract. BFM has been constantly striving to discover new vaccines for more than 123 years, in order to eradicate communicable diseases that continue to grow and threaten the humans’ health. Therefore, this research has the objective to conduct a conclusion whether the replacement production line of Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) is feasible or not. Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) is known as freeze-dried vaccine which contains live attenuated of Mycobacterium Bovis, Paris strain. Nowadays the process of production BCG will replace by new technology because of increased demand. Theories and methods in this research are cash flow, Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Payback Period (PBP), and sensitivity analysis. The result of this project indicates the feasibility of the project and the benefit of the project for PT. BFM. Based on the positive NPV, greater IRR when compared with WACC, and shorter payback period when compared with the project economical life, this project is economically feasible. Keywords: Cash Flow, NPV, IRR, Payback Period, Sensitivity Analysi
Valuing and Capital Structure Analysis of PT. Menara Sumberdaya Indonesia
No full textAbstract. Indonesia as the fourth largest country in the world has high population and domestic consumption. This condition is highly beneficial for industry in Indonesia. Milk and dairy product is one of them. Fortunately this industry still dominated by foreign company and importer to support local demand. This condition showed that the local producers still uncultivated huge opportunity in local market. PT. Menara Sumberdaya Indonesia (MSI) as one of the local producers saw this condition as opportunity. However MSI need a new machine to support the expansion, because the current production capacity is already at maximum. Therefore MSI need external capital to fund the expansion. This study aims to give recommendation with calculation about capital structure and company valuation to MSI management to get funding strategy. Based on the calculation it shows MSI need to get the external fund from both debt and equity financing to fund the expansion, in order to obtain optimal capital structure. MSI also suggested increasing the volume of production to reduce the idle capacity of the new machine. Keywords: Valuation, discounted cash flow, acquisition, optimal capital structur
Measuring Drivers of Procrastination in Academic Student
Get PDFAbstract. Procrastination is the lack or absence of self-regulated performance and the tendency to deny or completely avoid an activity under one’s control (Tuckman & Sexton, 1989). MARS, also known as model of individual behavior, are model used to understand on what drivers can form an individual behavior. It consist of four factors which are motivation, ability, role perceptions, and support/situational factors).As an organization, academic institution need to know the drivers of behavior that might affect their academic members performance, including student. By creating a Procrastination Scale to measure procrastination level and Academic Motivation Scale into MARS model this research gather a 116 sample of academic student in SBM ITB. The result shows that Amotivation (r=.187) and Motivation External of external regulation (r=.197) has positive correlation with procrastination level. Using hierarchical regression analysis, the result further show that amotivation (b=.197) act as the most dominant contributor to procrastination level. External Motivation of external regulation (b=.126) follows as the second contributor while Situational Factors (b=-.127) shows as counter contributer of procrastination. As organization SBM ITB might want to further motivate their student and give tutoring about managing academic and non-academic activities. SBM ITB might also want to maintain their support to students to avoid further problem about increasing procrastination level. Keyword: motivation, ability, role perception, situational factor, procrastination, academic, organizatio
Fund Manager Characteristics and The Social Performance of Conventional Mutual Funds in Indonesia
Get PDFAbstract – Socially responsible investment has been popular in the last decade due to the global concerns on ethical and environmental issues which cause high risk in the future. Socially responsible investment is also started to grow in Indonesia with the establishment of sustainability index, SRI-KEHATI, in 2009. Growing interests in SRI investment in Indonesia make us wonder whether conventional mutual funds also invest in companies with high social performance. Further, previous study in Indonesia mostly examines the financial performance of conventional funds or SRIs and there is no study yet which examines the social performance of conventional mutual funds and their determinants. Hence, this study aims to find the score the social performance of conventional equity mutual funds in Indonesia. We measure this using two ethical indices in Indonesia stock exchange, which are ISSI (Indonesia Sharia Stock Index) and SRI-KEHATI. This study period is only 2012 due to data availability. Further, we examine whether there is a relationship between fund manager characteristics such as gender and education background and this social performance. Our regression results show that there is no relationship between female fund managers and their asset allocation in firms with high social performance. However, we find that fund managers with master degree but not necessary from overseas university seem to invest in firms with high social performance which showing that higher degree may have provide them with higher concerns on environmental, social, and governance issues. We also find that older funds tend to hold shares that are socially responsible suggesting older funds may put higher concern on social than financial performance of their holdings due to lower market risk and the expectation of better performance in the future or in the long term. Keywords: Socially Responsible Investment Funds, Conventional Mutual Funds, Gender, Educational Background, Behavioral Finance, Fund Manager