Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis
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PERFORMANCE OF GONAD MATURATION AND SPAWNED OF GROUPER BROODSTOCK CROSS BREEDING BETWEEN F-2 AND F-0
Get PDFIn fish grouper escpecially humpback grouper culture, seed and broodstock quality and availability determine the production success. Main supply of wild broodstock still dominates grouper hatchery activities, therefore, the exploitation of the wild broodstock is very high. Efforts to use the supply of cultured broodstock through selection and breeding processes will greatly determine their culture success. The purpose of this experiment was to get seeds from the cross breeding between F-2 and F-0. The research used two (2) concrete tanks with volume of 75 m3 each. Each tank was filled with 20 fishes consisting of 10 fishes of F-2 and 10 fishes of F-0. The experiment was conducted the Institute of Mariculture Research and Development, Gondol, Bali. The result showed a good gonadal development and natural spawning of cross breeding between F-2 and F-0. Total number of eggs (1.320.000) was found the highest in May in tank A, while the highest fertilized eggs of 385.000 were found in June. The SSCP analyses showed no difference in genetic characters of broodstock from cross-breeding between the female parent F-2 and F-0 male parent. Keywords: Humpback Grouper, gonad, spawned, cross breeding, larva
ISOLATION AND SCREENING OF ENDOPHYTIC MARINE FUNGI FOR CELLULASE PRODUCTION
Get PDFCellulolytic fungi are potentially useful in biotechnology. Decomposition of substrates containing cellulose can be applied in bioethanol and enzymes production. Fungi are one group of microorganisms that can decompose cellulase materials. This study aimed to obtain potential cellulolytic fungi isolated from marine habitat. Screening of the fungi was performed using CBM media with different salinity. Six isolates were tested quantitatively for cellulolytic activity using congo red staining. Cellulolytic index of algicolous and manglicolous fungi were lower than those of EN isolate, Veronea sp. KT19, and sponge associate (SMH). Fungi cultured in freshwater and seawater media possessed higher cellulolytic index in compared to those of cultures in 3% NaCl medium. However, freshwater and seawater media showed no significant effect. Cellulolytic index of EN isolate, Veronaea sp. KT19, and SMH after six days of incubation were 1.357; 1.267, and 1.278, respectively. All six isolates potentially produced cellulase in all medium tested. Keywords: Cellulolytic, cellulose, endophytes, enzym
ECHINODERMATA, Holothuria atra, IN AN INTERTIDAL SEAGRASS BED OFF THE BAMA BEACH, BALURAN NATIONAL PARK, EAST JAVA, INDONESIA
Get PDFThe occurrence of sea cucumber, Holothuria atra, was assessed in the seagrass area of the Bama beach, Baluran National Park in East Java. The study investigated the frequency and early stages of seagrass association preference of H. atra. Survey was conducted in May 2011 using belt transect (1m x 100m with three replicates). Frequency of H. atra and their association with seagrass were recorded. Furthermore, length and wet weight of each individual of H. atra were measured. The total of 146 individuals of H. atra were observed in which 37.67% associated with Enhalus acoroides (EA), 23.29% associated with Cymodocea rotundata (CR), 23,29% associated with mixed seagrass species of E. acoroides and C. rotundata, and 15.75% associated with no seagrass habitats. The results suggested that small size H. atra might prefer to live under the taller seagrass stands such E. acoroides, which could be morphologically benefits the H. atra by providing better protection and shelter area. Keywords: Holothuria atra, Enhalus acoroides, Cymodocea rotundata, Baluran National Par
THE APPLICATIONS GROUPER SEED PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY TO SUPPORT MARICULTURE DEVELOPMENT
Get PDFApplication technology for grouper seed production was conducted by dissemination activities, aimed for dissemination technology in several places having aquaculture prospects in order to facilitate seed supply. The research was conducted in 2012 collaborated with the Department of Fisheries and Maritime Affairs Lamongan Regency and Fisheries Academy of Sidoarjo. Application technology for grouper seed production was conducted in Tunggu village, Paciran district, Lamongan, East Java. Grouper seeds which maintained were tiger, cantik, and cantang. Seed productions were performed from egg to juvenile with size of ±3.0 cm,in which the eggs were transported from hatchery in Bali and larval rearing was conducted based on the produced technology. The results showed that survival rate of tiger grouper was 8.3%, cantang grouper was 11,6%, and cantik grouper was 12.4%. The results showed that R/C ratio was >1, in which the business was profitable. The technology can be applied to the community and grouper seed production can support aquaculture activities. Keywords: Grouper seed, production, technology, R/C ratio, aquacultur
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SEASON VARIATIONS AND DEPTH LEVEL ON THE GROWTH AND SURVIVAL RATE OF PEARL OYSTER SEEDS (Pinctada maxima) IN KAPONTORI BAY, BUTON ISLAND
Get PDFThe pearl oyster (P. maxima) farming particularly in the Kapontori Bay, Buton Island waters and in other areas had complained for the mass mortality of pearl oysters saplings on the shell width between 3-4 cm. The mass mortality, was allegedly as a result of changing in environmental conditions and triggered by the shift in seasons. This research aimed to determine the effect of seasonal variations in water conditions at different depth levels on growth and survival of seedlings of pearl oysters conducted on March 27, 2007 to February 28, 2008. This research was very useful for pearl oyster farming in an effort to suppress the mass mortality rates based on the appropriate level of depth and seasons. The variance analyses showed that depth levels affected the survival rates of the pearl oyster seeds significantly (P<0.01). Based on honest significantly difference test, it also showed that the percentage number of survival rate was found higher within the depth of 2m (93.33%). Based on the relationship analyses between length and weight of shell body in all depths indicated a similar growth pattern of minor allometric (b<3). The growth, survival rate, and environmental conditions based on depth levels on pearl oyster saplings were discussed in this paper. Keywords: Seasonal variation, survival rate, growth, pearl shell (P. maxima), depth leve
Chaetoceros gracilis AS A BIOINDICATOR OF SEDIMENT QUALITY
Get PDFChronic sediment toxicity tests could be used to evaluate the effects of sediment on critical stages in the life of an organism like invertebrate larvae and microalgae. Microalgae play an important role in aquatic ecosystem due to their role as producer in food chain producing organic matter and oxygen through photosynthesis process. This paper aimed to assess sediment quality of Semarang water using chronic sediment toxicity test. Research was conducted by testing 13 sediment samples from Semarang coastal region in August, 2010. Results showed that sediments exposed for 96 hours were still able to stimulate the growth of C. gracilis eventhough the copper concentration was above standard value provided by the CCME. The conclusion from this research was that sediment in Semarang still in good condition and can support growth of C. gracilis as primary producer. Chronic sediment toxicity test using C. gracilis could be combined with heavy metal measurement for sediment quality asessment. Keywords: sediment, bioindicator, diatomae, C. gracilis, chronic toxicity, Semaran
WAVELET DENOISING APPLICATION ON CTD (CONDUCTIVITY TEMPERATURE DEPTH) SIGNALS TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF IDENTIFIED OVERTURN REGION
Get PDFTurbulent mixing process can be evaluated from density inversions in CTD profiles, that may reveal the overturning eddies. The quality of overturn regions are then determined by the quality of CTD signals. The study removed noise on CTD signals without losing small perturbation which commonly occurred by traditional filter. By applying wavelet denoising in pre-processing data of Thorpe method, more Thorpe displacements indicated overturn regions, were able to detect especially in small density gradients. Therefore, the identified overturn region using the Thorpe method can be applied to a larger region of density gradients. Keywoods: turbulent mixing, overturn, Thorpe method, Thorpe displacement, wavelet denoising
THE ADDITION OF Ulva reticulata AS A STIMULANT INTO ARTIFICIAL FEED ON THE GONAD CONDITION OF THE COLLECTOR SEA URCHIN (Tripneustes gratilla LINNAEUS 1758)
Get PDFDried Ulva reticulata has been proven as a feeding stimulant for the collector sea urchins (Tripneustes gratilla). The purposes of this study were to determine the optimal dose of dried U. reticulata as a feeding stimulant into artificial feed and its effect on the gonad condition of the collector sea urchins, T. gratilla. Previously, starved sea urchins (ca. 66 mm diameter, n=7) was held in 80-l aquarium volume with flow through seawater system (6.25 l/hour inlet and outlet). Sea urchins were fed with diet containing 0, 10, 20, or 30% of dried U. reticulata (designated control, U-10, U-20, and U-30 respectively) ad libitum for 38 days. Each treatment was given 3 replicates. Survival rate, feed consumption, and gonad conditions (gonad index, biochemical composition of the gonad, gonad histology, and egg diameter) parameters were quantified and compared to sea urchins fed with the mixture of fresh macroalgae (Gracilaria lichenoides and Padina) and seagrass (Enhalus acoroides). The results showed that the addition of dried U. reticulata into artificial feed by 10% from feed weight (U-10) was the optimal dose recommended. Sea urchins treated U - 10 diet resulted in gonad index and egg diameter (5.02 % and 82.66 µm each), were higher than other diet treatments. However, this diet treatment was not able to homogenize the reproductive phase composition of T. gratilla. Keywords: Ulva reticulata, Feeding Stimulant, Tripneustes gratilla, Gonad Conditio
DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE OF ECHINODERMS AT WEDA BAY WATERS, NORTH MALUKU
Get PDFWeda Bay located at Halmahera Island, North Maluku was rich in fishes, sea cucumbers, crabs, shrimp, and alge resources. Research on diversity and density of echinoderms at Weda Bay, North Maluku was limited and therefore it was lack on data and information of the biota. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity and density of echinoderms at Weda Bay, North Maluku. This research was conducted in March 2013 including transects and free collection of 6 stations contained echinoderms. The results showed that the overall echinoderms were found 23 species of 17 generas, 12 families, 10 orders, and 5 classes. Based on classes, the highest density of echinoderms was Asteroidea of 0.0456 ind/m2 (43.76 %) foundin the seagrass sand habitat. Meanwhile, the lowest density was Crinoidea of 0.0002 ind/m2 (0.19%) found in corals habitats. Keywords: diversity, density, echinoderms, Weda bay, North Maluku
DISTRIBUTIONAND DIVERSITY OF MACRO ALGAE COMMUNITIES IN THE AMBON BAY
Get PDFWater conditions affected by natural and anthropogenic parameters such as sedimentation and solid waste disposal can influence the growth and distribution of macro algae. Sustainable management efforts can reduce damage on the Gulf coast of Ambon due to human activities and land clearing. This study was conducted in October 2008 using the transect method with 3 replicates in five locations i.e., Tantui, Air Salobar, Hative Besar, Halong, and Lateri. The interior and exterior waters of Ambon Bay contained different habitat conditions due to sedimentation processes. The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution and diversity of macro algae communities in the Ambon Bay. The results found 21 species of macro- algae consisting of 10 species of Rhodhophyceae, 6 species of Chlorophyceae, and 5 species of Phaeophyceae. The highest density value of seaweed in Tantui was 389.0 g/m² of Chlorophyceae of Halimeda genus. In Air Salobar and Halong, the highest density value was Rhodophyceae of Gracilaria genus of 172.0 g/m² and 155.0 g/m², respectively. For the other genus in the Tantui and Lateri regions were dominated by Ulva at 92.10 gr/m2 and Padina of 20.0 gr/m2, respectively. The highest dominance of macro algae in the Hative Besar was found Chlorophyceae of Halimeda genus of 2.93 %, in the Air Salobar of Phaeophyceae of Turbinaria genus of 1.43 %. The difference values in density and the dominance of macro algae indicated an influence of habitat and environment due to seasons, sediment, and solid waste disposal to the diversity of macro algae. Keywords: Diversity, macro algae, Ambon Bay