Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia
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Utilization of Aquatic Weed Salvinia molesta as a Raw Material for Biogas Production
Get PDFSalvinia molesta is an aquatic weed having very high growth rate. The high abundance of this species biomass could be utilized as a source of alternative energy. This research was aimed to utilize S. molesta as a substrate for biogas production using batch system in order to reduce euthrofication effect in a lake. Cow manure was used as starter for anaerobic process because containing bacteria. Proximate test was conducted to analyze the chemical characteristics of the aquatic weed. Chemical oxygen demand, total solid, and total volatile suspended solid of weed and manure were analyzed according to the APHA 2012 method. Biogas composition was analyzed with gas chromatography. The results showed that the S. molesta contained high lignin content and low C:N ratio. Hydrolisis and acidification process occured very rapid, resulting in an increase of the weed and manure mixture COD. In the other hand, the decreased of COD removal was caused by the massal death of methanogenesis bacteria. The total solid and total volatile suspended solid content were not significantly decreased. Potential biogas production from S. molesta was 58.16 L.kg-1 with 318.29 mL.gram VS-1day-1 of methane production. This production value was still low or compared to that of cow manure which have been established as biogass materials and need modification to improve the biogas production
Utilization of Carp (Cyprinus carpio) as Surimi For Sausage Manufacturing
Get PDFCarp (Cyprinus carpio) is a freshwater fish with high economic value and good farming potential. Carp-based product diversification could be done by using it as food ingredients such as surimi in sausage manufacture. This research was aimed to evaluate sausage produced from carp surimi by varying washing frequency and tapioca filler concentration. Five washing frequencies (1; 2; 3; and 4 times) and three tapioca filler concentrations (2; 3; and 4%) were compared. The study showed 1 time washing frequency gave better surimi physical characteristics (57.40% yield; 73.76% water holding capacity; 26.64% expressible moisture content, 821.92 g.cm gel strength; 54.45% whiteness) and chemical characteristic (78.00% moisture content and 6.34% salt soluble protein) compared to other washing frequencies. Based on the organoleptic test, 2% tapioca was the selected filler concentration. Selected surimi sausage had better physical, chemical and sensori characteristics than commercial sausage. The physical characteristics of the selected sausage were 70.46% water holding capacity; 24.58% expressible moisture content; 78.64% whiteness; 4346.70 g.cm gel strength; 101.23 g hardness; 0.98 g springiness; and 43.96 g chewiness. While the chemical characteristics of that sausage were 75% water; 1.35% ash; 11.51% protein; 4.46% fat; and 7.63% carbohydrate. The sensory scores of the sausage evaluated were color 0.44, aroma 0.60; taste 1.16; and springiness 1.86
Distribution Channel and the Quality of the Narrow-Barred King Mackerel from Blanakan Fishing Port to Fish Markets
Get PDFFish is a commodity that has a high nutritional value and highly perishable. The distribution plays an essential role in determining the quality control of the fish to be bought by the consumers. At present, the handling and quality control of the fish, from the fishing port until the fish market, is not proper. The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution channel of mackerel fish (Scomberomorus commerson), the fish handling and to assess the quality of the fish which distibuted from the Blanakan coastal fishing port to the fish market. The results of the kruskal wallis test revealed the influence of the distribution of mackerel fish from Blanakan to the fish market, consist of eight regional fish markets and two local fish markets. Based on the organoleptic assessment, there was a decrease in fish quality by 11% in terms of appearance parameters such as eye, gills, body mucus, odors, and texture
Pemanfaatan sumber energi panas bumi untuk pengeringan ikan di Desa Idamdehe Kabupaten Halmahera Barat Provinsi Maluku Utara
Get PDFDue to the location at the ring of fire, Indonesia has 252 geothermal potentials distributed in various regions, from Java to Nusa Tenggara, together with Sulawesi and Maluku. Geothermal points are found in North Maluku in Idamdehe Village, West Halmahera. Research on the usage of geothermal energy for fish processing in Indonesia, especially North Maluku, is very limited. Therefore, this study was aimed to use geothermal energy for fish processing using a modified oven. The sample used was the yellowstripe scad (Selaroides leptolepis). In situ measurement was done to obtain the geothermal steam temperature which is 70°C to 130°C. The experiments wewe done in 4 hours for the fish drying processed with three sets of temperature including 0°C, 50°C and 100°C. The results suggest geothermal as a promising energy souce for fish processing
Ekstraksi, Karakterisasi dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Hyaluronan dari Vitereous Humor Mata Tuna Sirip Kuning (Thunnus albacares)
Get PDFVitreous humor merupakan bagian mata tuna yang berperan untuk menjaga kecerahan mata dan mengandung sel hyalosit serta memiliki fungsi produksi hyaluronan. Hyaluronan diduga berperan sebagai antioksidan untuk mencegah kerusakan asam lemak tidak jenuh pada mata ikan tuna oleh radikal bebas. Antioksidan hyaluronan dari vitreous humor mata ikan tuna belum banyak diteliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh ekstrak antioksidan hyaluronan yang terdapat pada vitreous humor mata ikan tuna dan menentukan karakteristik fisik dan kimianya. Ekstraksi hyaluronan dari vitreous humor mata ikan tuna terdiri dari tahap presipitasi, sentrifugasi, proses hidrolisis enzimatis, defatting, dialisis, dan pengeringan beku. Aktivitas antioksidan hyaluronan ditentukan dengan metode 1,1-difenil-2-picrylhydrazyl2,2azinobis (DPPH), 3-ethylbenzo-thiozoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), dan ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Vitreous humor mata ikan tuna memiliki proporsi 31% dari mata, nilai pH 6,91±0,01, viskositas 195,56±12,86 cP, air 98,09±0,49%, dan asam amino dominan berupa asam glutamat 932,06±3,80 mg/L. Rendemen hyaluronan hasil ekstraksi dari vitreous humor mata ikan tuna berkisar 0,005±0,001%. Aktivitas antioksidan hyaluronan pada radikal DPPH yang diperoleh adalah IC50 25,52±0,22 mg/mL, persen inhibisi hyaluronan konsentrasi 0,5 mg/mL pada radikal ABTS 1,92±0,08%, dan nilai kapasitas reduksi dengan metode FRAP 9,34±0,55 µM/g sampel. Ketiga hasil pengujian aktivitas antioksidan tersebut (DPPH, ABTS dan FRAP) mengindikasikan bahwa aktivitas antioksidan hyaluronan dari vitreous humor mata ikan tuna masih lemah.Vitreous humor is a part of the tuna fish eye that plays a role in maintaining the brightness of the eye and contains hyalocytes having function to produce hyaluronan. Hyaluronan is thought as an antioxidant to prevent unsaturated fatty acids damage in tuna fish eye caused by free radicals. Hyaluronan from vitreous humor tuna fish eye has not been widely studied. This study was aimed to extract the hyaluronan found in vitreous humor of tuna fish eye and determine its characteristics. Extraction of hyaluronan consisted of presipitation, centrifugation, enzyme digestion, defatting, dialysis, and freeze drying. Antioxidant activity was determined by three methods comprising 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl2,2-azinobis (DPPH), 3-ethylbenzo-thiozoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Vitreous humor tuna fish eye had a proportion of 31% of eye, pH value 6.905±0.0083, viscosity 195.56±12.86 cP, water 98.09±0.49%, and glutamic acid 932.06±3.80 mg/L. The hyaluronan yield was about 0.005±0.001%. The IC50 antioxidant activity of hyaluronan against DPPH was 25.52±0.22 mg/mL while the inhibition capacity on ABTS was 1.92±0.08% and the ferric reduction capacity was 9.34±0.55 µM/g. These results indicates that the antioxidant activity of hyaluronan from vitreous humor tuna fish eye is low
Karakteristik bontot dengan kombinasi daging ikan payus (Elops hawaiiensis) dan ikan bulan-bulan (Megalops cyprinoides)
Get PDFBontot is one of fish gel products in Banten Province. The main raw material of Bontot was Hawaiian ladyfish which is commonly found in the milkfish pond. However, the availability of the Hawaiian ladyfish was very limited. This study investigated the utilizaation of tarpon (Megalops cyprinoides), a fish of similar texture to the hawaiian ladyfish, for the production of bontot. The bontot quality was evaluated based on the organoleptic and microbial parameters. A combination of 37.5% ladyfish and 62.5% tarpon was considered as the best formula producing bontot with folding test 4.07 and bites 6.77, and the parameter of color, aroma, flavor, and texture similar to those of the commercial (3.43-4.00) products. The bontot contained moisture 50.50%, ash 2.42%, fat 0.32%, protein 5.67%, and carbohydrates 41.09% while the microbiological was below the 4.20 threshold, suggesting the bontot is safe for consumption
Physicochemical Characteristics of Carrageenan Based on Different Harvesting Times From Bontang Coastal, East Kalimantan
Get PDFProper harvesting time determines the physicochemical characteristics of carrageenan. The purpose of this study was to determine the physicochemical characteristics of carrageenan extracted from Kappaphycus alvarezii at various different harvesting times from the Bontang Coastal, East Kalimantan. This study consisted of 7 treatments at the harvesting times, which were harvested at 30; 35; 40; 45; 50; 55 and 60 days. The parameters observed included yield, moisture content, ash content, viscosity and gel strength. The results showed the highest yield at the age of 50 days of harvest (46.91%), the highest viscosity at the age of55 days harvest (50.25 cP), and the highest gel strength at 40 days of harvesting at 60.14 g/cm2
The Exploration Potency of Bioactive Compounds of Leaves Extract Nipah (Nypa Fruticans Wurmb) from The Coast of West Aceh as Antioxidant
Get PDFWest Aceh Region has Nypa fruticans mangrove community distributed almost ±100 Ha. N. fruticans leaves have been used as traditional cigarette paper. The objective of this study was to explore bioactive compound of N. fruticans from the coast of West Aceh as antioxidant. The extraction used 3 solvents including methanol (polar), etyl acetate (semi polar), and n-hexane (non polar). The result showed the methanol extract contained bioactive compound content such as phenolic, flavonoid, tannin, saponin, and steroid while the etyl acetate extract comprised phenolic, tannin, and steroid. Moreover, n-hexane extract only had steroid compound. The result of antioxidant activit assay showed etyl acetate extract had IC50 value 8.81 µg/mL, methanol extract had IC50 value 9.31 µg/mL and n-hexane extract was 238.47 µg/mL with ascorbic acid as positive control. It is indicated the presence of phenolic, flavonoid, tannin, and saponin in the ethyl acetate extract play the role as antioxidant
Characteristics of Physichochemical and Microbiology of Rebon Shrimp Paste using Different Brown Sugar Concentration
Get PDFShrimp paste is a fermentation product of shrimp and has a distinctive smell and taste. The paste is made from a mixture of shrimp, fish salt and brown sugar. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sugar concentrations on the chemical, physical, microbiological and sensory characteristics of shrimp paste. Five differentconcentrations of brown sugar (0; 7.5; 10, and 12.5%) were applied. The shrimp paste was analyzed for their protein content, water content, amino acids, salinity, total sugar content, pH, colour test, viability of LAB and sensory. The sugar concentration significantly affected protein content, water content, total sugar, color, salt and organoleptic (p<0.05), but did not significantly affect on the water content, pH and LAB (p>0.05). The protein levels decreased with the increasing of sugar concentration. The brightness (L*) and redness (a*) were slightly decrease with the increasing of sugar concentration. The shrimp amino acid was dominated by glutamate acid, however, the concentration of amino acids decreased with the increasing concentration of the sugar. Addition of sugar to the shrimp paste improved the acceptance of the panelist, resulting higher score as compared to that of control. The best treatment in this study was the shrimp paste added with 10% sugar having the protein content 29.084%; water content 34.11%; sugar content 15.37%, pH 6.97; L 46.52; salt 13.63%; glutamate acid 23115.83 mg/kg, BAL <10 log CFU/mL and total organoleptic value 8
Anticancer Activity of Spirulina Cultivated in Walne and Organic Media
Get PDFSpirulina is Cyanobacteria containing active components which is potentially showing anticancer activity. The purposes of this study were to determine anticancer activity and selectivity of crude extractsof Spirulina cultured using Walne and organic media, and to detect the apoptosis. The stages of this study included cultivation and harvesting of Spirulina, active components extraction, anticancer test and apoptosisdetection. Anticancer activity was determined using MTT assay. The crude extracts of Spirulina from Walne and organic cultures contained active components of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, and saponins. Theseextracts were not toxic to normal breast cells (MCF-12a), but showed cytotoxic activity in breast cancer cells (MCF-7). The crude extract of Spirulina from Walne culture had IC50 value of 36.23 ppm and selectivity index 30.07, while the IC50 of organic culture was 117.78 ppm and selectivity index 7.17. Detection of apoptosis with Hoechst dye 33342 showed the apoptotic activity of Spirulina crude extract against MCF-7 cells